2️⃣. Demonstrative Pronouns

Demonstrative pronouns are words that point to specific people, places, things, or ideas. They indicate whether something is near or far, singular or plural.

Here are the four demonstrative pronouns in English:

⤵️ This: Used for a singular thing that is near.
🇺🇸 This is my car.
🇧🇷 Este é o meu carro.

🇺🇸 This is the house I grew up in.
🇧🇷 Esta é a casa onde cresci.

⤵️ That: Used for a singular thing that is far.
🇺🇸 That is a tall building.
🇧🇷 Aquele é um prédio alto.

🇺🇸 That is the car I want to buy.
🇧🇷 Aquele é o carro que quero comprar.

⤵️ These: Used for plural things that are near.
🇺🇸 These are my friends.
🇧🇷 Estes são meus amigos.

🇺🇸 These are the apples I picked from the tree.
🇧🇷 Estas são as maçãs que colhi da árvore.

⤵️ Those: Used for plural things that are far.
🇺🇸 Those flowers are beautiful.
🇧🇷 Aquelas flores são lindas.

🇺🇸 Those books belong to the library.
🇧🇷 Aqueles livros pertencem à biblioteca.

🇧🇷 @AprendendoIngles 🇺🇸

💻 Revise para não esquecer:

This e that aplicam-se ao singular.
These e those aplicam-se ao plural.

Se errou o quiz, não desanime. Continue estudando e boa sorte nos próximos. 🖖

3️⃣. Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. They take the place of a noun in a question.

Here are the interrogative pronouns in English: who, whom, whose, which, what.

❓ Who: Refers to people.
🇺🇸 Who is coming to the party?
🇧🇷 Quem vem para a festa?

🇺🇸 Who broke the vase?
🇧🇷 Quem quebrou o vaso?

❓ Whom: Refers to people, but is used as the object of a verb or preposition.
🇺🇸 Whom did you see at the store?
🇧🇷 Quem você viu na loja?

🇺🇸 To whom does this book belong?
🇧🇷 A quem pertence este livro?

❓ Whose: Shows possession or ownership.
🇺🇸 Whose car is parked in the driveway?
🇧🇷 De quem é o carro estacionado na garagem?

🇺🇸 Whose turn is it to clean the kitchen?
🇧🇷 De quem é a vez de limpar a cozinha?

❓ Which: Refers to a specific person or thing from a limited group.
🇺🇸 Which movie do you want to watch?
🇧🇷 Qual filme você quer assistir?

🇺🇸 Which one of you will answer the door?
🇧🇷 Qual de vocês atenderá a porta?

❓ What: Refers to things or ideas.
🇺🇸 What time is it?
🇧🇷 Que horas são?

🇺🇸 What did you eat for breakfast?
🇧🇷 O que você comeu no café da manhã?

🇧🇷 @AprendendoIngles 🇺🇸

4️⃣. Relative Pronouns

Relative pronouns are words that introduce relative clauses. A relative clause provides additional information about a noun or pronoun mentioned earlier in the sentence.

Here are the relative pronouns in English: who, whom, whose, which, that

➡️Who: refers to people
🇺🇸 The man who lives next door is a doctor.
🇧🇷 O homem que mora ao lado é médico.

🇺🇸 The woman who won the lottery is very happy.
🇧🇷 A mulher que ganhou na loteria está muito feliz.

➡️Whom: refers to people (object of a verb or preposition)
🇺🇸 The person to whom I gave the book is my friend.
🇧🇷 A pessoa a quem dei o livro é minha amiga.

🇺🇸 The student about whom we were talking is absent today.
🇧🇷 O aluno de quem falávamos está ausente hoje.

➡️Whose: shows possession
🇺🇸 The boy whose bike was stolen is upset.
🇧🇷 O menino de quem a bicicleta foi roubada está chateado.
🇧🇷 O menino cuja bicicleta foi roubada está chateado.

🇺🇸 The woman whose car broke down is waiting for a tow truck.
🇧🇷 A mulher de quem o carro quebrou está à espera um guincho.
🇧🇷 A mulher cujo carro quebrou está à espera um guincho.

➡️Which: refers to things or animals
🇺🇸 The book which I am reading is very interesting.
🇧🇷 O livro que estou lendo é muito interessante.

🇺🇸 The car which is parked outside belongs to my neighbor.
🇧🇷 O carro que está estacionado lá fora pertence ao meu vizinho.

➡️That: refers to people, things, or animals (more formal)
🇺🇸 The house that I bought is beautiful.
🇧🇷 A casa que comprei é linda.

🇺🇸 The person that you met yesterday is my cousin.
🇧🇷 A pessoa que você conheceu ontem é meu primo.
Note: While "that" can be used in place of "who" or "which" in many cases, it's generally considered more formal.

🇧🇷 @AprendendoIngles 🇺🇸

5️⃣. Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns

👉 Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject of a sentence. They are necessary to complete the meaning of the sentence.

➡️Myself:
🇺🇸 I hurt myself.
🇧🇷 Eu me machuquei.

➡️Yourself:
🇺🇸 You should reward yourself.
🇧🇷 Você deveria se recompensar.

➡️Himself:
🇺🇸 He cut himself shaving.
🇧🇷 Ele se cortou ao fazer a barba.

➡️Herself:
🇺🇸 She bought herself a new dress.
🇧🇷 Ela comprou um vestido novo para si mesma.

➡️Itself:
🇺🇸 The cat cleaned itself.
🇧🇷 O gato se limpou.

➡️Ourselves:
🇺🇸 We enjoyed ourselves at the party.
🇧🇷 Nós nos divertimos na festa.

➡️Yourselves:
🇺🇸 You should treat yourselves.
🇧🇷 Vocês deveriam se tratar.

➡️Themselves:
🇺🇸 They blamed themselves for the loss.
🇧🇷 Eles se culparam pela perda.

👉 Intensive pronouns emphasize the noun or pronoun that comes before it. They can be removed from the sentence without changing the basic meaning.

➡️Myself:
🇺🇸 I did it myself.
🇧🇷 Eu mesmo fiz isso.

➡️Yourself:
🇺🇸 You yourself said it.
🇧🇷 Eu mesmo fiz isso.

➡️Himself:
🇺🇸 The president himself opened the door.
🇧🇷 O próprio presidente abriu a porta.

➡️Herself:
🇺🇸 The queen herself baked the cake.
🇧🇷 A própria rainha fez o bolo.

➡️Itself:
🇺🇸 The book itself is a masterpiece.
🇧🇷 O livro em si é uma obra-prima.

➡️Ourselves:
🇺🇸 We ourselves saw the UFO.
🇧🇷 Nós mesmos vimos o OVNI.

➡️Yourselves:
🇺🇸 You yourselves witnessed the crime.
🇧🇷 Vocês mesmos testemunharam o crime.

➡️Themselves:
🇺🇸 The children themselves cleaned their rooms.
🇧🇷 As próprias crianças limparam seus quartos.

🇧🇷 @AprendendoIngles 🇺🇸