𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐏𝐑𝐄𝐋𝐈𝐌𝐒 𝐏𝐘𝐐 | 𝟐𝟏𝐒𝐓𝐒𝐄𝐏𝐓𝐄𝐌𝐁𝐄𝐑 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟔
📚 𝐏𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐞 𝐏𝐘𝐐𝐬. 𝐔𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐫.
🎯𝐓𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐭 𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐬: 𝐔𝐏𝐒𝐂 | 𝐖𝐁𝐂𝐒 | 𝐎𝐏𝐒𝐂 | 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐏𝐂𝐒
👇🏾 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐲𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐰𝐞𝐫: 𝐀 / 𝐁 / 𝐂 / 𝐃

📰 THE HINDU EDITORIAL ANALYSIS | 21 SEPTEMBER 2026

🔍 NGO FUNDING IN INDIA
Balancing Accountability & Autonomy

💡 KEY INSIGHT
Stricter foreign-funding regulations highlight the need for transparent, diversified and sustainable NGO funding.

🔑 KEY TAKEAWAYS
→ FCRA & NGO accountability
→ Role of domestic philanthropy & CSR
→ Diversified funding for sustainability
→ Balance regulation with autonomy

🎯 UPSC CSE | WBCS
GS-II: Governance | NGOs | Civil Society
GS-III: Economy | CSR | Resource Mobilisation

✍️ MAINS QUESTION:
How can India ensure sustainable NGO funding while maintaining accountability and autonomy?

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Q1. With reference to the statutory child protection framework under Mission Vatsalya, consider the following statements:
1. The mission is implemented by the Ministry of Women and Child Development to secure a protective environment for children.
2. The Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) is a statutory autonomous body mandated to regulate in-country and inter-country adoptions.
3. Under the Juvenile Justice Act, District Magistrates are completely excluded from issuing adoption orders to prevent executive overreach.

Q2. With reference to the Global Biofuels Alliance (GBA) and international alternative energy initiatives, consider the following statements:
1. The alliance was formally launched on the sidelines of the G20 New Delhi Leaders' Summit to accelerate global biofuel adoption.
2. It focuses on establishing internationally accepted technical standards and certification frameworks for sustainable liquid biofuels.
3. The alliance promotes the deployment of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) derived from non-food agricultural waste and bio-feedstocks.

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding the adjudication of Inter-State River Water Disputes under Article 262 of the Constitution:
1. Parliament may by law provide for the adjudication of any dispute with respect to the use, distribution or control of waters of inter-state rivers.
2. Parliament may by law enact provisions barring the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in respect of any such inter-state water dispute.
3. The decision rendered by an Inter-State Water Dispute Tribunal has the same force and effect as an order or decree of the Supreme Court.

Q4. With reference to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, consider the following statements:
1. It serves as an international framework convention promoting cooperative research and scientific observation of the ozone layer.
2. The Vienna Convention itself does not establish legally binding national phase-out targets for ozone-depleting substances.
3. The protocol created under the Convention requires member states to impose immediate trade embargoes on ordinary agricultural commodities.