Estimate the total theoretical maximum overpressure gradient in lb/feet3 if the specific gravity of is earth crust taken equal to 2.7. Consider porosity of average sedimentary rock equals to 20 %. The specific gravity of saltwater taken to be 1.07.
Anonymous Quiz
13%
120
29%
152
51%
148
8%
190
Unconventional reservoirs are not characterised by _____
Anonymous Quiz
16%
Low Permeability
16%
Same Reservoir & Source Rock
22%
Large Areal Extent
47%
Uniform Reservoir Properties
Which one of the following logging techniques is most suitable to detect a shale layer sandwiched between two sandstone layers?
Anonymous Quiz
37%
Neutron-Gamma
24%
Gamma-Gamma
28%
Natural Gamma
11%
Sonic
There are known effects of gas on logging tool responses. Which of the following statements is correct?
Anonymous Quiz
16%
Density log porosities are not affected by gas
38%
Neutron log porosities are increased by gas
27%
NMR log porosities are reduced by gas
19%
Sonic log porosities are reduced by gas
__________represents the relative effect of viscous forces and surface tension acting across the interface between two immiscible liquids.
Anonymous Quiz
74%
a) capillary number
23%
b) Reynolds number
3%
c) Formation volume factor
DIRECTION, MOTION & ENVIRONMENTAL FORCES at OFFSHORE
Wind force is given by
Fw = 0.00338 (Vw)^2 *Ch *Cs* A
where Fw = wind force, lbf,
VA = wind velocity, knots,
Cs = shape coefficient,
Ch - height coefficient, and
A = projected area of all exposed surfaces, sq. ft.
Current force is given by
Fc=gc*(Vc )^2*Cs*A,
where Fc = current drag force, lbf,
Vc = current velocity, ft/sec,
Cs =drag coefficient same as wind coefficient, and
A = projected area of all exposed surfaces, sq. ft.
Wind force is given by
Fw = 0.00338 (Vw)^2 *Ch *Cs* A
where Fw = wind force, lbf,
VA = wind velocity, knots,
Cs = shape coefficient,
Ch - height coefficient, and
A = projected area of all exposed surfaces, sq. ft.
Current force is given by
Fc=gc*(Vc )^2*Cs*A,
where Fc = current drag force, lbf,
Vc = current velocity, ft/sec,
Cs =drag coefficient same as wind coefficient, and
A = projected area of all exposed surfaces, sq. ft.
🕹Refining Of CRUDE- is Boiling Oil👇🏼
A large part of refining involves separating the different fractions of crude oil and other intermediate streams. While water boils at a single temperature, crude oil boils over a wide range of temperatures. By controlling the temperature using very tall distillation columns, different fractions of the crude oil can be separated.
At the top of the column, fuel gas and liquefied petroleum gas (or LPG) is produced. A little lower down the column, gasoline (or, more precisely, one of the blending stocks for gasoline called naphtha) is withdrawn. Still lower down the column, jet fuel and diesel fuel are produced.
A large part of refining involves separating the different fractions of crude oil and other intermediate streams. While water boils at a single temperature, crude oil boils over a wide range of temperatures. By controlling the temperature using very tall distillation columns, different fractions of the crude oil can be separated.
At the top of the column, fuel gas and liquefied petroleum gas (or LPG) is produced. A little lower down the column, gasoline (or, more precisely, one of the blending stocks for gasoline called naphtha) is withdrawn. Still lower down the column, jet fuel and diesel fuel are produced.
What is the common drilling fluid type which is widely used in drilling?
a) Compressed air
b) Oil-based mud
c) Foam-based mud
d) Water-based mud
a) Compressed air
b) Oil-based mud
c) Foam-based mud
d) Water-based mud
Which of the following is used as drilling fluids in directional and horizontal wells?
Anonymous Quiz
47%
a) Oil-based mud
27%
b) Water-based mud
25%
c) Emulsion-based mud
1%
d) None of the above
Large amount of overbalance reduces the .
Anonymous Quiz
39%
a) Amount of kick
24%
b) Rate of Penetration
6%
c) Mud density
31%
d) All of the above
The oil having API gravity 10-14 are classified as
Anonymous Poll
20%
a) Light crude oil
53%
b) Heavy crude oil
18%
c) Extra heavy crude oil
8%
d) Medium heavy crude oil
The P-wave velocity and the Poisson’s ratio for a homogeneous and isotropic sedimentary
rock are 2500 m/s and 0.3, respectively. The S-wave velocity for the rock is ________m/s
rock are 2500 m/s and 0.3, respectively. The S-wave velocity for the rock is ________m/s
Anonymous Quiz
14%
1223
32%
2000
42%
1335
11%
2334
Which one of the following well log responses characterizes an overpressured zone in the
subsurface?
subsurface?
Anonymous Quiz
25%
(A) High velocity and high resistivity.
27%
(B) Low velocity and low density.
28%
(C) High velocity and low resistivity.
19%
(D) Low velocity and high density.
The geomorphic feature ‘horns’ are formed by
Anonymous Quiz
29%
(A) wind erosion.
19%
(B) river erosion.
28%
(C) wind deposition.
24%
(D) glacial erosion
As the well fluids are produced to the surface their temperature drops & to avoid wax deposition, line heaters are used. Then before horizontal seperators, heat exchangers are used to break emulsion with let say hot oil as heating media,Then in general
Anonymous Quiz
34%
Hot oil should be placed at tube side
51%
Hot oil should be placed at shell side
14%
Well fluid or Hot oil any fluid can be placed at shell side
Which of the following parameters influence the permeability calculations?
Anonymous Poll
43%
a) Viscosity of reservoir fluid
13%
b) Density of reservoir fluid
41%
c) Well damage
4%
d) None
A type of formation with directionally dependent properties is called
Anonymous Poll
28%
a) Isotropic formation
16%
b) Homogeneous formation
53%
c) Anisotropic formation
3%
d) None of the above