Question 01:

Answer: d

United Nations Tax Committee (UNTC)
• The UN Tax Committee is a subsidiary body of the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
• The UN Tax Committee offers guidance on current issues such as double taxation treaties, transfer pricing, taxation of the extractive industries, and taxation of services.
• It also strives to promote international tax cooperation among national tax authorities.
• It also makes recommendations on capacity-building and the provision of technical assistance to developing countries and countries with economies in transition.
• India is the first country to make a voluntary contribution to the UN tax fund.

Question 02:

Answer: a

Front-Running
• Front-running is a dubious market practice in which a dealer, trader, or employee gets wind of a big order for buying or selling shares that will be placed by a fund or big investor and get in front of the trade.
• Front-running is illegal and unethical when a trader acts on inside information.
• A straightforward example of front-running occurs when a broker exploits market-moving knowledge that has not yet been made public.
• There are gray areas. An investor may buy or sell a stock and then publicize the reasoning behind it. Transparency and honesty are key.

What is Frontrunning?
• It is a practice of dealing in securities on advance information of an upcoming transaction that could affect its price movement.
• It is illegal in India
• Sebi has categorised front running as a form of market manipulation and insider trading because a person who commits a front running activity expects security’s price movements based on the non-public information.
• Sebi has investigated and penalised several fund houses and fund managers in the past for front-running.

How does it work?
• Stock market operators give `buy or sell’ recommendations in closed or private groups that have a higher subscriber base.
• Most of such recommendations are given on stocks where the liquidity is less and even a small amount of buying or selling can impact share prices.
• Multiple groups are formed on Whatsapp, which further spread these recommendations.
• Front-running is hard to establish because it entails a fund manager using friends or other unrelated entities to buy stocks before the fund house buys it for its schemes.
• The fund manager can use his or her network to purchase stocks before the fund house does, so that they can personally benefit from the price rise.

Question 01: Consider the following statements regarding Tomato Flu:

1. It is caused by the vibrio bacteria which are also responsible for causing cholera.

2. It affects only children below the age of five years and causes blisters in various parts of the body.

Question 02: With reference to Radio Access Network (RAN), consider the following statements:

1. RAN uses cellular radio connections to link individual devices to other parts of a network.

2. With Open RAN, telecom players would have the flexibility to use in-house solutions or solutions from multiple vendors for RAN services.