5) Consider the following statements about UDAN Scheme:
1. It is a flagship initiative of the Ministry of Civil Aviation to improve regional air
connectivity.
2. Viability Gap Funding (VGF) is provided to airlines to ensure affordability.
3. The Air Navigation Service Provider charges Terminal Navigation Landing Charges
(TNLC) on UDAN flights.
1. It is a flagship initiative of the Ministry of Civil Aviation to improve regional air
connectivity.
2. Viability Gap Funding (VGF) is provided to airlines to ensure affordability.
3. The Air Navigation Service Provider charges Terminal Navigation Landing Charges
(TNLC) on UDAN flights.
Select the correct answer using the code given belo
Anonymous Quiz
44%
1 and 2 only
7%
2 and 3 only
10%
1 and 3 only
40%
1,2 and 3
5) Answer: (A)
The UDAN Scheme is indeed a flagship initiative of the Ministry of Civil Aviation aimed
at improving regional air connectivity. It was launched in 2016 under the National Civil
Aviation Policy. The primary objective is to make air travel accessible and affordable to the
common citizen. It focuses on connecting unserved and underserved airports across the
country. By enhancing regional connectivity, it also promotes balanced regional development.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Viability Gap Funding (VGF) is a key feature of the UDAN scheme. It is provided to airlines
to bridge the gap between the cost of operations and expected revenue. This ensures thatOFFICERS IAS ACADEMY
IAS Academy by IAS Officers
airlines can operate on less profitable regional routes without incurring losses. The funding
helps in keeping airfares affordable for passengers, with capped ticket prices on certain seats.
VGF is jointly funded by the central and state governments. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Under the UDAN scheme, several concessions are provided to reduce operational costs for
airlines. These include reduced airport charges, lower V AT on aviation turbine fuel, and
exemptions from certain fees. Importantly, Terminal Navigation Landing Charges
(TNLC) are waived for UDAN flights, not charged. This waiver is provided by the
Airports Authority of India acting as the Air Navigation Service Provider. The aim is to
further reduce the cost burden on airlines. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
Therefore, option A is the correct answe
The UDAN Scheme is indeed a flagship initiative of the Ministry of Civil Aviation aimed
at improving regional air connectivity. It was launched in 2016 under the National Civil
Aviation Policy. The primary objective is to make air travel accessible and affordable to the
common citizen. It focuses on connecting unserved and underserved airports across the
country. By enhancing regional connectivity, it also promotes balanced regional development.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Viability Gap Funding (VGF) is a key feature of the UDAN scheme. It is provided to airlines
to bridge the gap between the cost of operations and expected revenue. This ensures thatOFFICERS IAS ACADEMY
IAS Academy by IAS Officers
airlines can operate on less profitable regional routes without incurring losses. The funding
helps in keeping airfares affordable for passengers, with capped ticket prices on certain seats.
VGF is jointly funded by the central and state governments. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Under the UDAN scheme, several concessions are provided to reduce operational costs for
airlines. These include reduced airport charges, lower V AT on aviation turbine fuel, and
exemptions from certain fees. Importantly, Terminal Navigation Landing Charges
(TNLC) are waived for UDAN flights, not charged. This waiver is provided by the
Airports Authority of India acting as the Air Navigation Service Provider. The aim is to
further reduce the cost burden on airlines. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
Therefore, option A is the correct answe
Daily MCQ: 30.03.2026
Consider the following statements regarding Birsa Munda:
1. 2. He was a tribal leader who led the Munda Rebellion against British rule.
He campaigned against alcoholism, belief in black magic and superstitions, and forced
labour .
3. He resisted colonial injustice as British land policies destroyed the Khuntkatti land
system.
Consider the following statements regarding Birsa Munda:
1. 2. He was a tribal leader who led the Munda Rebellion against British rule.
He campaigned against alcoholism, belief in black magic and superstitions, and forced
labour .
3. He resisted colonial injustice as British land policies destroyed the Khuntkatti land
system.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
12%
1 and 2 only
12%
2 and 3 only
33%
1 and 3 only
43%
1,2 and 3
●
Birsa Munda was a charismatic tribal leader and folk hero from the Munda tribe in the
Chotanagpur Plateau. He led the Munda Rebellion, also known as the Ulgulan (the Great
Tumult), between 1899 and 1900 to establish "Munda Raj" and end British colonial rule.
Hence statement 1 is correct.
●
Beyond being a political leader, he was a social reformer who founded the 'Birsait' faith.
He urged his followers to give up drinking liquor (alcoholism), clean their villages, and
stop believing in witchcraft, black magic, and sorcery. He also mobilized his community
against forced labour (locally known as beth-begari) imposed by the British and
outsiders.Hence statement 2 is correct.
●
A primary cause of the rebellion was the British replacing the traditional Khuntkatti
system (a collective/communal landholding system) with the exploitative Zamindari
system. This led to massive land alienation, which Birsa Munda fiercely resisted to protect
tribal identity and rights.Hence statement 3 is correct.
●
Therefore option D is the correct answer
Birsa Munda was a charismatic tribal leader and folk hero from the Munda tribe in the
Chotanagpur Plateau. He led the Munda Rebellion, also known as the Ulgulan (the Great
Tumult), between 1899 and 1900 to establish "Munda Raj" and end British colonial rule.
Hence statement 1 is correct.
●
Beyond being a political leader, he was a social reformer who founded the 'Birsait' faith.
He urged his followers to give up drinking liquor (alcoholism), clean their villages, and
stop believing in witchcraft, black magic, and sorcery. He also mobilized his community
against forced labour (locally known as beth-begari) imposed by the British and
outsiders.Hence statement 2 is correct.
●
A primary cause of the rebellion was the British replacing the traditional Khuntkatti
system (a collective/communal landholding system) with the exploitative Zamindari
system. This led to massive land alienation, which Birsa Munda fiercely resisted to protect
tribal identity and rights.Hence statement 3 is correct.
●
Therefore option D is the correct answer
Consider the following statements regarding the PM E-DRIVE Scheme:
1. It is a central sector scheme aimed at replacing the FAME-II initiative to promote
electric vehicle adoption.
2. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
(MoRTH).
1. It is a central sector scheme aimed at replacing the FAME-II initiative to promote
electric vehicle adoption.
2. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
(MoRTH).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
44%
1 only
10%
2 only
36%
Both 1 and 2
9%
Neither 1 nor 2
2) Answer: (A)
The PM E-DRIVE Scheme is a Government of India initiative aimed at accelerating the
adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and strengthening the country’s clean mobility
ecosystem. The scheme focuses on reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering carbon
emissions by promoting the use of electric mobility across various vehicle segments. It
provides support not only for EV adoption through incentives but also for the development
of essential infrastructure such as charging stations. Additionally, the scheme encourages
advancements in EV technology and aims to build a robust domestic manufacturing
ecosystem, thereby contributing to sustainable development and energy security in India.
The PM E-DRIVE (Prime Minister Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle
Enhancement) scheme was launched in 2024 as a successor to the FAME-II (Faster Adoption
The PM E-DRIVE Scheme is a Government of India initiative aimed at accelerating the
adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and strengthening the country’s clean mobility
ecosystem. The scheme focuses on reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering carbon
emissions by promoting the use of electric mobility across various vehicle segments. It
provides support not only for EV adoption through incentives but also for the development
of essential infrastructure such as charging stations. Additionally, the scheme encourages
advancements in EV technology and aims to build a robust domestic manufacturing
ecosystem, thereby contributing to sustainable development and energy security in India.
The PM E-DRIVE (Prime Minister Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle
Enhancement) scheme was launched in 2024 as a successor to the FAME-II (Faster Adoption
With reference to the 'Jal Sanchay Abhiyan', consider the following statements
1. A community-led initiative to restore traditional water bodies and build rainwater
harvesting structures in water-stressed areas..
2. The initiative is implemented under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change .
1. A community-led initiative to restore traditional water bodies and build rainwater
harvesting structures in water-stressed areas..
2. The initiative is implemented under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change .
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
64%
1 only
7%
2 only
28%
Both 1 and 2
1%
Neither 1 nor 2
3) Answer: (A)
The campaign emphasizes Jan Andolan (people's movement). It focuses on five key pillars:
water conservation and rainwater harvesting, renovation of traditional water bodies (like
tanks/ponds), reuse and recharge of borewells, watershed development, and intensive
afforestation. Hence, Statement 1 is Correct.
While water conservation does help the environment, the Jal Sanchay/Jal Shakti Abhiyan is
primarily driven by the Ministry of Jal Shakti. Its core objective is to ensure water security
and the sustainable management of groundwater, rather than being a direct instrument
specifically for the Paris Agreement (though it aligns with climate adaptation). Hence,
Statement 2 is Incorrect.
Therefore, option A is the correct answ
The campaign emphasizes Jan Andolan (people's movement). It focuses on five key pillars:
water conservation and rainwater harvesting, renovation of traditional water bodies (like
tanks/ponds), reuse and recharge of borewells, watershed development, and intensive
afforestation. Hence, Statement 1 is Correct.
While water conservation does help the environment, the Jal Sanchay/Jal Shakti Abhiyan is
primarily driven by the Ministry of Jal Shakti. Its core objective is to ensure water security
and the sustainable management of groundwater, rather than being a direct instrument
specifically for the Paris Agreement (though it aligns with climate adaptation). Hence,
Statement 2 is Incorrect.
Therefore, option A is the correct answ
Consider the following statements regarding the benefits of Nano-Fertilizers in agriculture
1. 2. 3. 4. They increase the efficiency of nutrient absorption by plants.
They help in reducing soil and water pollution.
They are required in larger quantities than traditional fertilizers.
They allow for targeted delivery of nutrients through controlled-release mechanisms.
1. 2. 3. 4. They increase the efficiency of nutrient absorption by plants.
They help in reducing soil and water pollution.
They are required in larger quantities than traditional fertilizers.
They allow for targeted delivery of nutrients through controlled-release mechanisms.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
7%
Only one
16%
Only two
63%
Only three
13%
All of the above
4) Answer: (C)
They increase the efficiency of nutrient absorption by plants is Correct Because
nano-particles are extremely small, they have a higher surface area and can penetrate plant
cells more effectively than bulky traditional fertilizers. Hence, Statement 1 is Correct.
●
●
●
●
Since plants absorb nano-fertilizers more efficiently, there is less "run-off" into nearby rivers
or "leaching" into groundwater. Hence, Statement 2 is Correct.
This is the biggest advantage—you need much smaller quantities. For instance, a 500 ml
bottle of Nano Urea can replace a traditional 45 kg bag of granular urea. . Hence, Statement
3 is Incorrect.
They allow for targeted delivery of nutrients: Correct. Nano-fertilizers can be "programmed"
or encapsulated to release nutrients slowly over time or only when the plant specifically needs
them (controlled-release). . Hence, Statement 4 is Correct.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
They increase the efficiency of nutrient absorption by plants is Correct Because
nano-particles are extremely small, they have a higher surface area and can penetrate plant
cells more effectively than bulky traditional fertilizers. Hence, Statement 1 is Correct.
●
●
●
●
Since plants absorb nano-fertilizers more efficiently, there is less "run-off" into nearby rivers
or "leaching" into groundwater. Hence, Statement 2 is Correct.
This is the biggest advantage—you need much smaller quantities. For instance, a 500 ml
bottle of Nano Urea can replace a traditional 45 kg bag of granular urea. . Hence, Statement
3 is Incorrect.
They allow for targeted delivery of nutrients: Correct. Nano-fertilizers can be "programmed"
or encapsulated to release nutrients slowly over time or only when the plant specifically needs
them (controlled-release). . Hence, Statement 4 is Correct.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
5) Consider the following statements
1. Some cats are herbivores
2. Some cats are naturally poisonous.
3. Some cats are nocturnal.
1. Some cats are herbivores
2. Some cats are naturally poisonous.
3. Some cats are nocturnal.
How many of the above statements are not correct?
Anonymous Quiz
9%
Only one
23%
Only two
60%
All the three
8%
None
5) Answer: (B)
All members of the family Felidae (cats) are obligate carnivores. This means their bodies
are biologically designed to process nutrients primarily from animal tissue and they cannot
thrive on a plant-only diet. Hence, Statement 1 is Incorrect
There are no known species of feline that are naturally poisonous (toxic if eaten) or
venomous (injecting toxins via bite or sting). While some mammals, like the platypus or
certain shrews, have such traits, cats do not. Hence, Statement 2 is Incorrect
Many cat species, including the domestic cat and many wild big cats, are nocturnal or
crepuscular (most active at dawn and dusk). Their eyes are specifically adapted with a
All members of the family Felidae (cats) are obligate carnivores. This means their bodies
are biologically designed to process nutrients primarily from animal tissue and they cannot
thrive on a plant-only diet. Hence, Statement 1 is Incorrect
There are no known species of feline that are naturally poisonous (toxic if eaten) or
venomous (injecting toxins via bite or sting). While some mammals, like the platypus or
certain shrews, have such traits, cats do not. Hence, Statement 2 is Incorrect
Many cat species, including the domestic cat and many wild big cats, are nocturnal or
crepuscular (most active at dawn and dusk). Their eyes are specifically adapted with a
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Attend an inspiring seminar by Mr. R.A. Israel Jebasingh, Ex-IAS (All India Rank 59) and discover how to prepare effectively for the Civil Services Examination with proven strategies, learn about the exam structure, understand the nuances and get a glimpse into the life and responsibilities of a civil servant.
📅 Date: April 4, 2026
🕥 Time: 10:00 AM
📍 Venue: Thiagarajar College of Preceptors, Teppakulam West, Meenakshi Nagar, Madurai
We also invite parents to be a part of this session and understand the roadmap and commitment required for UPSC success. Don’t miss this chance to receive valuable guidance from one of the best mentors in the field!
To Register : https://forms.gle/hN2hBBPpK1MxmX5T6
For any queries, reach us at +91 9363730226.
With reference to INS Dunagiri, consider the following statements:
1. It is a part of the Project 17A stealth frigate programme of the Indian Navy.
2. It is equipped with BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles and Medium Range
Surface-to-Air Missile (MRSAM) system.
3. It has an indigenisation content of about 75 percent and involved participation of
MSMEs.
1. It is a part of the Project 17A stealth frigate programme of the Indian Navy.
2. It is equipped with BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles and Medium Range
Surface-to-Air Missile (MRSAM) system.
3. It has an indigenisation content of about 75 percent and involved participation of
MSMEs.