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Answer: (C)

Statement 1 is CORRECT: The Yamuna originates from the Yamunotri Glacier in the Bandarpunch Range of Uttarakhand.

Statement 2 is INCORRECT: The Hindon is a left-bank tributary, whereas the Chambal is a right-bank tributary of the Yamuna.

Statement 3 is CORRECT: Okhla Bird Sanctuary is located on the Yamuna River near Noida, Uttar Pradesh.

Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
With reference to Article 371 and Ladakh, consider the following statements:
1. Article 371A provides special provisions for Nagaland, including safeguards concerning customary law and ownership and transfer of land and its resources.
2. The demand for constitutional safeguards in Ladakh has included protections for land, employment and cultural identity.
3. Ladakh is currently covered by a special provision under Article 371 of the Constitution.
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Answer: (A)

Statement 1 is correct: Article 371A grants special status to the state of Nagaland. It specifies that no Act of Parliament shall apply to Nagaland in respect of religious or social practices, Nagas customary law and procedure, administration of civil and criminal justice involving decisions according to Naga customary law, and ownership and transfer of land and its resources, unless the Legislative Assembly of Nagaland so decides by a resolution.

Statement 2 is correct: Local political and social groups in Ladakh (such as the Apex Body Leh and Kargil Democratic Alliance) have continuously demanded constitutional safeguards—specifically inclusion under the Sixth Schedule or special provisions similar to Article 371—to protect their land, statehood, public employment (job reservations), and distinct tribal cultural identity.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Ladakh is currently governed as a Union Territory without a legislature under the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019. It is not currently covered under Article 371 or its sub-articles (371A–371J). Constitutional safeguards under Article 371 or the Sixth Schedule remain a major demand rather than an existing provision for Ladakh.

Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Kashi Tamil Sangamam':
1. It was launched as part of the broader 'Ek Bharat Shreshta Bharat' initiative to celebrate and rediscover the age-old civilisational ties between Tamil Nadu and Varanasi.
2. The Ministry of Culture serves as the designated single nodal ministry responsible for organizing and implementing the initiative.
3. IIT Madras and Banaras Hindu University (BHU) serve as the key implementing and coordinating institutions for the event.
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Answer: (C)

Statement 1 is CORRECT: Kashi Tamil Sangamam was conceptualized under the overarching spirit of the 'Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat' initiative by the Government of India.
○ Its core aim is to rediscover, celebrate, and strengthen the centuries-old cultural, spiritual, educational, and economic ties between Tamil Nadu and Kashi (Varanasi).

Statement 2 is INCORRECT: The primary nodal ministry responsible for planning, organizing, and executing the Kashi Tamil Sangamam is the Ministry of Education, Government of India (specifically through the Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) cell at AICTE).
○ Supporting Ministries: While the Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Tourism, Ministry of Railways, and Ministry of Information & Broadcasting are key collaborating stakeholders, the Ministry of Culture is not the single or lead nodal ministry.

Statement 3 is CORRECT: IIT Madras and Banaras Hindu University (BHU) have served as key implementing institutions for earlier editions of Kashi Tamil Sangamam, facilitating academic exchanges and cultural interactions between Tamil Nadu and Kashi. The implementing arrangements may vary by edition.

Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
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