Answer: A
Explanation
● Statement 1 is correct: The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is a committee of the RBI
which is entrusted with the task of fixing the benchmark policy interest rate (repo rate) to
contain inflation within the specified target level.
○ Under the flexible inflation targeting (FIT) framework, the RBI targets to contain
Consumer Price Index (CPI) based inflation within 4 percent with a tolerance
band of (+/-) 2 percent for the period April 1, 2021, to March 31, 2026.
● Statement 2 is incorrect: The MPC has six members: RBI Governor (Chairperson), RBI
Deputy Governor in charge of monetary policy, one official nominated by the RBI Board and
remaining 3 members would represent the Government.
● The MPC is required to meet at least four times in a year. The quorum for the meeting is
four members.
● The MPC makes decisions based on majority vote. In case of a tie, the RBI governor will
have a second or casting vote.
● Each Member of MPC writes a statement specifying the reasons for voting in favour of, or
against the proposed resolution.
Why in News?
● The Reserve Bank of India-led Monetary Policy Committee has decided to keep the
repurchase rate (repo rate) unchanged at 6.5 per cent for the ninth time in a row.
● The MPC left its inflation forecast for this fiscal year (FY25) unchanged at 4.5 per cent.
Explanation
● Statement 1 is correct: The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is a committee of the RBI
which is entrusted with the task of fixing the benchmark policy interest rate (repo rate) to
contain inflation within the specified target level.
○ Under the flexible inflation targeting (FIT) framework, the RBI targets to contain
Consumer Price Index (CPI) based inflation within 4 percent with a tolerance
band of (+/-) 2 percent for the period April 1, 2021, to March 31, 2026.
● Statement 2 is incorrect: The MPC has six members: RBI Governor (Chairperson), RBI
Deputy Governor in charge of monetary policy, one official nominated by the RBI Board and
remaining 3 members would represent the Government.
● The MPC is required to meet at least four times in a year. The quorum for the meeting is
four members.
● The MPC makes decisions based on majority vote. In case of a tie, the RBI governor will
have a second or casting vote.
● Each Member of MPC writes a statement specifying the reasons for voting in favour of, or
against the proposed resolution.
Why in News?
● The Reserve Bank of India-led Monetary Policy Committee has decided to keep the
repurchase rate (repo rate) unchanged at 6.5 per cent for the ninth time in a row.
● The MPC left its inflation forecast for this fiscal year (FY25) unchanged at 4.5 per cent.
4. Consider the following statements about International Monetary Fund(IMF)
1) The IMF provides financial assistance to member countries facing balance of payments
problems or experiencing financial crises.
2) It releases the Global Financial Stability Report.
3) It is administered by the International bank for Reconstruction and Development.
1) The IMF provides financial assistance to member countries facing balance of payments
problems or experiencing financial crises.
2) It releases the Global Financial Stability Report.
3) It is administered by the International bank for Reconstruction and Development.
How many of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
6%
a) Only one
69%
b) Only two
24%
c) All three
0%
d) None
Answer: B
Explanation
● The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization established with
the goal of promoting global monetary cooperation, ensuring exchange rate stability,
facilitating the balanced growth of international trade, and providing resources to
help member countries in need of financial assistance.
● It was created in July 1944 at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference
(commonly known as the Bretton Woods Conference) in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire,
USA.
● The IMF monitors the global economy and provides economic analysis and policy advice
to its member countries.
● The IMF provides financial assistance to member countries facing balance of payments
problems or experiencing financial crises. Thus it cannot grant loans to any country but only
member countries. Hence statement 1 is correct.
● The IMF has its own reserve asset called the Special Drawing Right (SDR), which is a
supplementary international reserve currency created to supplement its member countries'
official reserves.
● The IMF is governed by its member countries, with decision-making power allocated based
on the financial contributions (quotas) made by each member. The largest and most
influential members have more significant voting power and influence.
● IMF releases the Global Financial Stability Report. Hence statement 2 is correct.
● The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD) are two separate entities, each with its own distinct functions and
governance structures. Hence statement 3 is incorrect.
● The IBRD is one of five member institutions that make up the World Bank Group. Its
focus is on providing financial and technical assistance to middle-income and creditworthy
low-income countries for development projects and programs.
Explanation
● The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization established with
the goal of promoting global monetary cooperation, ensuring exchange rate stability,
facilitating the balanced growth of international trade, and providing resources to
help member countries in need of financial assistance.
● It was created in July 1944 at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference
(commonly known as the Bretton Woods Conference) in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire,
USA.
● The IMF monitors the global economy and provides economic analysis and policy advice
to its member countries.
● The IMF provides financial assistance to member countries facing balance of payments
problems or experiencing financial crises. Thus it cannot grant loans to any country but only
member countries. Hence statement 1 is correct.
● The IMF has its own reserve asset called the Special Drawing Right (SDR), which is a
supplementary international reserve currency created to supplement its member countries'
official reserves.
● The IMF is governed by its member countries, with decision-making power allocated based
on the financial contributions (quotas) made by each member. The largest and most
influential members have more significant voting power and influence.
● IMF releases the Global Financial Stability Report. Hence statement 2 is correct.
● The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD) are two separate entities, each with its own distinct functions and
governance structures. Hence statement 3 is incorrect.
● The IBRD is one of five member institutions that make up the World Bank Group. Its
focus is on providing financial and technical assistance to middle-income and creditworthy
low-income countries for development projects and programs.
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1st Place: Chander Parkash
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2nd Place: Sampa Das
3rd Place: Joel Dani Doss J.K
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1. Consider the following statements about the Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)
1) It is a fatal infection of the brain caused by amoeba.
2) The infection does not spread from person to person.
3) No vaccine is available for the prevention of PAM.
1) It is a fatal infection of the brain caused by amoeba.
2) The infection does not spread from person to person.
3) No vaccine is available for the prevention of PAM.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
16%
A. Only one
37%
B. Only two
44%
C. All three
3%
D. None
Answer: C
Explanation
● Statement 1 is correct: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare, usually
fatal infection of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) caused by Naegleria
fowleri, a type of free-living ameba.
● As it can infect the brain and destroy the tissues there, this one-celled organism is also
called ‘brain-eating amoeba’.
How does the disease occur?
● The amoeba thrives in warm freshwater like lakes, ponds, and rivers, and can also survive
in poorly maintained swimming pools. Infection usually occurs when people swim in
these water bodies during hot summers, especially when the water level is low.
● The amoeba enters through the nose, travels to the brain, and causes brain tissue damage
and swelling.
● Statement 2 is correct: The infection does not spread from person to person.
● Children are more vulnerable.
Symptoms
● Early symptoms of PAM include headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting.
● The disease quickly worsens, causing symptoms like a stiff neck, confusion, lack of focus,
loss of balance, and hallucinations.
● It often leads to coma and death within five days, with most people dying within one to 18
days.
● These infections, though rare, are fatal and 97% of the patients don’t survive.
How is it diagnosed and treated?
● PAM can be diagnosed through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests of cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF).
○ PCR works by amplifying the DNA of amoeba if present in the sample.
○ CSF is a clear, colorless liquid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord.
● There are no standard treatment methods available to treat PAM. Miltefosine, a broad-
spectrum antimicrobial drug, Azithromycin and Amphotericin B are some of the medicines
currently being utilized to treat the infection.
● Statement 3 is correct: No vaccine is available for the prevention of PAM.
Explanation
● Statement 1 is correct: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare, usually
fatal infection of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) caused by Naegleria
fowleri, a type of free-living ameba.
● As it can infect the brain and destroy the tissues there, this one-celled organism is also
called ‘brain-eating amoeba’.
How does the disease occur?
● The amoeba thrives in warm freshwater like lakes, ponds, and rivers, and can also survive
in poorly maintained swimming pools. Infection usually occurs when people swim in
these water bodies during hot summers, especially when the water level is low.
● The amoeba enters through the nose, travels to the brain, and causes brain tissue damage
and swelling.
● Statement 2 is correct: The infection does not spread from person to person.
● Children are more vulnerable.
Symptoms
● Early symptoms of PAM include headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting.
● The disease quickly worsens, causing symptoms like a stiff neck, confusion, lack of focus,
loss of balance, and hallucinations.
● It often leads to coma and death within five days, with most people dying within one to 18
days.
● These infections, though rare, are fatal and 97% of the patients don’t survive.
How is it diagnosed and treated?
● PAM can be diagnosed through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests of cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF).
○ PCR works by amplifying the DNA of amoeba if present in the sample.
○ CSF is a clear, colorless liquid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord.
● There are no standard treatment methods available to treat PAM. Miltefosine, a broad-
spectrum antimicrobial drug, Azithromycin and Amphotericin B are some of the medicines
currently being utilized to treat the infection.
● Statement 3 is correct: No vaccine is available for the prevention of PAM.
2. The "Lakhpati Didi" initiative is primarily focused on which of the following?
Explanation
● Lakhpati Didi is an initiative of the Ministry of Rural Development that strives to
empower women associated with Self-Help Groups to have an annual household income
exceeding Rs. 1,00,000 through adopting sustainable livelihood practices.
● A Lakhpati Didi is a Self-Help Group (SHG) member with an annual household income
exceeding Rs. 1,00,000.
● Beyond financial success, they inspire through adopting sustainable livelihood practices and
achieving a decent standard of life.
● SHGs support this journey with collective action, financial literacy, and skill development,
empowering members for entrepreneurial ventures.
● Lakhpati initiative facilitates diversified livelihood activities, by ensuring convergence
across all Government departments, Panchayati Raj Institutions, Private sector and Market
players. The strategy includes focused planning, implementation and monitoring at all
levels.
● IFCs play an important role in the functioning of this initiative.
● Lakhpati Didi is an initiative of the Ministry of Rural Development that strives to
empower women associated with Self-Help Groups to have an annual household income
exceeding Rs. 1,00,000 through adopting sustainable livelihood practices.
● A Lakhpati Didi is a Self-Help Group (SHG) member with an annual household income
exceeding Rs. 1,00,000.
● Beyond financial success, they inspire through adopting sustainable livelihood practices and
achieving a decent standard of life.
● SHGs support this journey with collective action, financial literacy, and skill development,
empowering members for entrepreneurial ventures.
● Lakhpati initiative facilitates diversified livelihood activities, by ensuring convergence
across all Government departments, Panchayati Raj Institutions, Private sector and Market
players. The strategy includes focused planning, implementation and monitoring at all
levels.
● IFCs play an important role in the functioning of this initiative.
Consider the following pairs
1) Labour Force Participation Rate
(LFPR) - Percentage of employed persons in the population
2) Worker Population Ratio (WPR) - Percentage of persons in the labor force (i.e., working
or seeking/available for work) in the population
3) Unemployment Rate (UR) - Percentage of persons unemployed among the persons in the labor force
1) Labour Force Participation Rate
(LFPR) - Percentage of employed persons in the population
2) Worker Population Ratio (WPR) - Percentage of persons in the labor force (i.e., working
or seeking/available for work) in the population
3) Unemployment Rate (UR) - Percentage of persons unemployed among the persons in the labor force
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How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
Anonymous Quiz
40%
A. Only one
31%
B. Only two
28%
C. All three
2%
D. None
Answer: A
Explanation
● Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR): LFPR is defined as the percentage of persons in
the labor force (i.e. working or seeking or available for work) in the population. Hence pair
1 is incorrect.
● Worker Population Ratio (WPR): WPR is defined as the percentage of employed persons
in the population. Hence pair 2 is incorrect.
● Unemployment Rate (UR): UR is defined as the percentage of persons unemployed among
the persons in the labor force. Hence pair 3 is correct.
Explanation
● Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR): LFPR is defined as the percentage of persons in
the labor force (i.e. working or seeking or available for work) in the population. Hence pair
1 is incorrect.
● Worker Population Ratio (WPR): WPR is defined as the percentage of employed persons
in the population. Hence pair 2 is incorrect.
● Unemployment Rate (UR): UR is defined as the percentage of persons unemployed among
the persons in the labor force. Hence pair 3 is correct.
4. Which of the following is an advantage of the SSLV over larger launch vehicles like the
PSLV or GSLV?
PSLV or GSLV?
choose the best answer
Anonymous Quiz
12%
A. High payload capacity
72%
B. Lower cost and quicker turnaround time
14%
C. Ability to launch interplanetary missions
1%
D. None of the above
Answer: B
Explanation
● The SSLV is capable of launching Mini, Micro or Nanosatellites (10 to 500kg mass) into
a 500 km planar orbit.
● SSLV is a three-stage launch vehicle with all solid propulsion stages and a liquid
propulsion-based Velocity Trimming Module (VTM) as a terminal stage.
● The design drivers of SSLV are low cost, low turn-around time, flexibility in accommodating
multiple satellites, launch-on-demand feasibility, minimal launch infrastructure
requirements, etc.
Explanation
● The SSLV is capable of launching Mini, Micro or Nanosatellites (10 to 500kg mass) into
a 500 km planar orbit.
● SSLV is a three-stage launch vehicle with all solid propulsion stages and a liquid
propulsion-based Velocity Trimming Module (VTM) as a terminal stage.
● The design drivers of SSLV are low cost, low turn-around time, flexibility in accommodating
multiple satellites, launch-on-demand feasibility, minimal launch infrastructure
requirements, etc.