Consider the following statements with reference to 'INS Mahendragiri':
1. There is an advanced stealth guided-missile frigate developed under the Indian Navy's Project 17A (Nilgiri-class).
2. It was designed by the Warship Design Bureau and constructed entirely by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE).
3. It is integrated with a modern Combined Diesel or Gas (CODOG) propulsion system for high-speed naval operations.
1. There is an advanced stealth guided-missile frigate developed under the Indian Navy's Project 17A (Nilgiri-class).
2. It was designed by the Warship Design Bureau and constructed entirely by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE).
3. It is integrated with a modern Combined Diesel or Gas (CODOG) propulsion system for high-speed naval operations.
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Answer: (C)
● INS Mahendragiri is an advanced stealth guided-missile frigate of the Project 17A (Nilgiri-class) programme, developed for the Indian Navy. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
● While the frigate was indeed designed by the Indian Navy's Warship Design Bureau (WDB), it was not constructed entirely by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE). INS Mahendragiri was built by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), Mumbai. Under Project 17A, four ships are built by MDL and three by GRSE. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
● INS Mahendragiri is equipped with a Combined Diesel or Gas (CODOG) propulsion system, enabling high-speed operations and improved endurance. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
● INS Mahendragiri is an advanced stealth guided-missile frigate of the Project 17A (Nilgiri-class) programme, developed for the Indian Navy. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
● While the frigate was indeed designed by the Indian Navy's Warship Design Bureau (WDB), it was not constructed entirely by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE). INS Mahendragiri was built by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), Mumbai. Under Project 17A, four ships are built by MDL and three by GRSE. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
● INS Mahendragiri is equipped with a Combined Diesel or Gas (CODOG) propulsion system, enabling high-speed operations and improved endurance. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
Consider the following statements with reference to BRICS:
1. The theme of the BRICS Summit 2025 was "Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation, and Sustainability."
2. India will host the BRICS Summit in 2026.
3. BRICS has a permanent secretariat in Shanghai to coordinate its institutional activities.
1. The theme of the BRICS Summit 2025 was "Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation, and Sustainability."
2. India will host the BRICS Summit in 2026.
3. BRICS has a permanent secretariat in Shanghai to coordinate its institutional activities.
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Answer: (B)
● Statement 1 is correct: The 2025 BRICS Summit was held under the theme "Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation, and Sustainability."
● Statement 2 is correct: India will host the BRICS Summit in 2026.
● Statement 3 is incorrect: BRICS does not have a permanent secretariat. The chairmanship rotates annually among member countries.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
● Statement 1 is correct: The 2025 BRICS Summit was held under the theme "Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation, and Sustainability."
● Statement 2 is correct: India will host the BRICS Summit in 2026.
● Statement 3 is incorrect: BRICS does not have a permanent secretariat. The chairmanship rotates annually among member countries.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Identify the wild animal on the basis of the following information:
1. It is a subspecies that diverged from its African counterpart approximately 100,000 years ago.
2. It has a prominent longitudinal fold of skin along its belly.
3. It is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and is classified as Endangered by the IUCN.
4. Its last natural habitat in the wild is the Gir Protected Area.
1. It is a subspecies that diverged from its African counterpart approximately 100,000 years ago.
2. It has a prominent longitudinal fold of skin along its belly.
3. It is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and is classified as Endangered by the IUCN.
4. Its last natural habitat in the wild is the Gir Protected Area.
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Answer: (B)
● Asiatic Lion (Panthera leo persica) is a subspecies of lion that diverged from African lions approximately 100,000 years ago due to geographical isolation.
● It is distinguished from African lions by a prominent longitudinal fold of skin (abdominal fold) along the belly, which is considered a characteristic feature of Asiatic lions.
● The Asiatic Lion is listed as Endangered in the IUCN Red List and is provided the highest protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
● The species survives in the wild only in the Gir Protected Area, Gujarat, which is its last natural habitat and the only place in the world where free-ranging Asiatic lions are found.
● Conservation efforts are carried out through initiatives such as Project Lion, which focuses on habitat management, disease prevention, population monitoring, and expansion of suitable habitats.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
● Asiatic Lion (Panthera leo persica) is a subspecies of lion that diverged from African lions approximately 100,000 years ago due to geographical isolation.
● It is distinguished from African lions by a prominent longitudinal fold of skin (abdominal fold) along the belly, which is considered a characteristic feature of Asiatic lions.
● The Asiatic Lion is listed as Endangered in the IUCN Red List and is provided the highest protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
● The species survives in the wild only in the Gir Protected Area, Gujarat, which is its last natural habitat and the only place in the world where free-ranging Asiatic lions are found.
● Conservation efforts are carried out through initiatives such as Project Lion, which focuses on habitat management, disease prevention, population monitoring, and expansion of suitable habitats.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
With reference to the Non-Permanent Members of the United Nations Security Council
(UNSC), consider the following statements:
1. A non-permanent member of the UNSC is elected for a term of two years.
2. Non-permanent members possess the same veto power as the permanent members
while voting on substantive matters.
3. India has never been a Permanent Member of the United Nations Security Council.
(UNSC), consider the following statements:
1. A non-permanent member of the UNSC is elected for a term of two years.
2. Non-permanent members possess the same veto power as the permanent members
while voting on substantive matters.
3. India has never been a Permanent Member of the United Nations Security Council.
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Answer: (B)
Explanation:
● Under the UN Charter, non-permanent members of the United Nations Security Council are elected by the United Nations General Assembly for a two-year term. They are chosen on the basis of equitable geographical representation.Hence statement 1 is correct.
● Only the five Permanent Members (P5) China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States possess the veto power under the UN Charter. Non-permanent members enjoy equal voting rights but cannot exercise the veto on substantive matters. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
● India has served as a Non-Permanent Member of the UNSC on multiple occasions but has never been a Permanent Member of the Security Council. Hence, Statement 3 is correct.
Therefore, Option B is the correct answer.
Explanation:
● Under the UN Charter, non-permanent members of the United Nations Security Council are elected by the United Nations General Assembly for a two-year term. They are chosen on the basis of equitable geographical representation.Hence statement 1 is correct.
● Only the five Permanent Members (P5) China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States possess the veto power under the UN Charter. Non-permanent members enjoy equal voting rights but cannot exercise the veto on substantive matters. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
● India has served as a Non-Permanent Member of the UNSC on multiple occasions but has never been a Permanent Member of the Security Council. Hence, Statement 3 is correct.
Therefore, Option B is the correct answer.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid a three-day official visit to Indonesia, holding bilateral talks with President Prabowo Subianto to deepen the India–Indonesia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership.
During the visit, PM Modi was conferred Indonesia's highest civilian honour, reflecting the growing strategic partnership and strong bilateral relations.
Important for UPSC: India–Indonesia Relations, Act East Policy, Indo-Pacific, Defence Cooperation, Maritime Security, Cultural Diplomacy, and ASEAN.
During the visit, PM Modi was conferred Indonesia's highest civilian honour, reflecting the growing strategic partnership and strong bilateral relations.
Important for UPSC: India–Indonesia Relations, Act East Policy, Indo-Pacific, Defence Cooperation, Maritime Security, Cultural Diplomacy, and ASEAN.
Anti-Dumping Duty (ADD) is a trade protection measure imposed on imported goods that are sold below their normal value (usually below the price in the exporting country's domestic market), causing injury to domestic industries.
Anti-dumping duties are generally imposed for up to five years, though they may be reviewed and extended if dumping and injury are likely to continue or recur.
Important for UPSC: International Trade, WTO Agreements, Trade Remedies, Domestic Industry Protection, and India's Trade Policy.
Anti-dumping duties are generally imposed for up to five years, though they may be reviewed and extended if dumping and injury are likely to continue or recur.
Important for UPSC: International Trade, WTO Agreements, Trade Remedies, Domestic Industry Protection, and India's Trade Policy.