Green Turtle

- Scientific Name: Chelonia mydas

- Description:
● One of the largest sea turtles
● Sole herbivore among sea turtle species

- Coloration:
● Named for the greenish color of their cartilage and fat, not their shells
● In the Eastern Pacific, those with darker shells are called black turtles

- Diet: Grazes on seagrasses and algae

- Migration: Undertakes long-distance migrations between feeding grounds and hatching beaches

- Reproduction: Offspring sex determined by incubation temperature

- Distribution: Mainly found in tropical and subtropical waters

- Conservation Status:

● IUCN: Endangered
● CITES: Appendix I

Source : Forbes

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Lakadong Turmeric

● Considered one of the world's best varieties of turmeric

- Curcumin content: Approximately 6.8 to 7.5 per cent

● Darker in color, grown organically without fertilizers

- Found in : Lakadong area of Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya

Curcumin

● Polyphenol found in turmeric

● Targets multiple signaling molecules and demonstrates cellular activity

- Benefits include:

● Inflammatory conditions
● Metabolic syndrome
● Pain management
● Inflammatory and degenerative eye conditions
● Kidney health
● Effects primarily due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties

- Other GI Products from Meghalaya :

● Garo Dakmanda (traditional dress)
● Larnai pottery
● Garo Chubitchi (alcoholic beverage)

Source : Times of India

Spices Board India

- Establishment : February 26, 1987, under the Spices Board Act 1986.

- Merger: Formed by merging the Cardamom Board and Spices Export Promotion Council.

- Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Commerce & Industry

- Functions: As a link between Indian exporters and international importers, involved in various activities across the spices sector.

● Oversees development of cardamom (small and large), focusing on production, productivity, and quality improvement.

● Implements post-harvest improvement programs for enhancing quality of 52 scheduled spices for export.

● Post-harvest quality improvement programs under 'Export Oriented Production.

● Promotes organic production, processing, and certification of spices.

●Develops spices in the North East region of India.

Source : Indian Express

Paradox of Thrift

● An economic paradox where an increase in autonomous saving leads to a decrease in aggregate demand, resulting in lower gross output and total saving.

- Narrow Perspective: Total saving may decrease due to individuals' attempts to increase their saving

- Broad Perspective: Increase in saving may be harmful to an economy overall, despite being beneficial for individuals

- Fallacy of Composition suggesting that what is true for parts may not hold true for the whole

- Stated : As early as 1714 in "The Fable of the Bees"

- Popularized by : John Maynard Keynes

● Impact : More saving leads to less spending, which can worsen a recession

Source : The Hindu
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🔥🔥Project ISHAN🔥🔥

● ISHAN: Indian Single Sky Harmonized Air Traffic Management initiative.

● Objective: To Unify India’s air traffic management.

● Currently, India has four primary Flight Information Regions (FIRs) and one sub-FIR.

● New Centralized Location: Nagpur.

● Implementation By: AAI.

● Significance:

- Operational Efficiency: Improve air traffic operations.

- Capacity Enhancement: Increase airspace capacity.

- Congestion Reduction: Minimize flight delays and congestion.

- Economic and Environmental Benefits: Reduce fuel consumption and emissions.

- Enhanced Safety: Reduce miscommunications and operational errors.

Source : The Hindu
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World Press Freedom Index:

● Annual ranking of countries compiled by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) since 2002.

● Reflects the degree of freedom for journalists, news organizations, and netizens in each country.

- Methodology : Defines press freedom as the ability of journalists to select, produce, and disseminate news in the public interest, free from interference.

- Uses five indicators: political context, legal framework, economic context, sociocultural context, and safety.

World Press Freedom Index 2024:

- India's Ranking : 159th out of 180 countries, up from 161st last year.

- Asia-Pacific: Second most difficult region for journalism.

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Black-necked Crane

● Medium-sized member of the crane family (Grus nigricollis).

● Recognizable by its black neck, white body, and red crown.

- Habitat: Main breeding ground is high-altitude wetlands in the Tibetan plateau.

● Prefers wetlands with small mounds for breeding.

- Distribution: Found in India, China, and Bhutan.

- Threats: Habitat loss and degradation due to climate change, changes in agriculture practices, pollution, and environmental contamination.

- Conservation Status:

● IUCN: Near Threatened.

● Protected under The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (Schedule I) and CITES (Appendix I).

Source : PIB

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