Pottery Period, Painted Grey Ware- Rig Vedic and the Early Iron Age


Northern Black Polished Ware- Mahajanapada and Buddhism in India


Red Black Ware -
Chalcolithic Neolithic Phase

#Prelim2020

Tiger translocation

India’s first interstate tiger relocation from Kanha TR to Satkosia of Odisha.

Tigers from Ranthambore also relocated to Sariska. Both in RJ

#Prelim2020

‘Legalism’ means
Power of the Judiciary to decide the legality of the laws passed by the Legislature.

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

- UN Refugee Agency and a global organization dedicated to saving lives, protecting the rights and building a better future for refugees, forcibly displaced communities and stateless people.

-It was created in 1950 to help millions of Europeans who had fled or lost their homes.

-Headquartered at Geneva, Switzerland.

Bharat Ratna

-instituted in 1954 is the highest civilian award of the Republic of India.

-It is awarded in recognition of exceptional service/performance of the highest order in any field of human endeavour.

-The recommendations for the Bharat Ratna are made by the Prime Minister to the President with a maximum of three nominees being awarded per year.

-Recipients receive a Sanad (certificate) signed by the President and a peepal-leaf–Shaped medallion; there is no monetary grant associated with the award.

-Bharat Ratna recipients rank seventh in the Indian order of precedence.

LAFFER CURVE

◆Developed in 1974 by economist Arthur Laffer.

◆It show the relationship between tax rates and the amount of tax revenue collected by governments.

◆Tax revenues change when the tax rate is either increased or decreased.

◆Inverted-U shape.

#Prelim2020

Central Industrial Security Force

-under an Act of Parliament namely Central Industrial Security Force Act, 1968.

-Under the Union Ministry of Home Affairs.

The CISF provides security cover to industrial units, government infrastructure projects and facilities and establishments located all over India.

National Hindi Day

Hindi, written in the Devanagari script, was adopted as the official language of the Republic of India on 14th September, 1949.

Besides Hindi, English is the other official language (Article 343 of the Constitution).
Hindi is also an eighth schedule language.

Article 351 pertains to ‘Directive for development of the Hindi language’.

Open Skies Treaty

It was signed in 1992 and came into effect in 2002.

It is an agreement that allows its 34 signatories countries to monitor arm development by conducting surveillance flights (unarmed) over each other’s territories.

The treaty established an aerial surveillance system for its participants.

Both US and Russia are signatories of the treaty.

India is not a member of this treaty.

Lipulekh Pass also known as Lipu-Lekh Pass/Qiangla or Tri-Corner is a high altitude mountain pass situated in the western Himalayas.

-It is an International mountain pass between India, China and Nepal

PHILLIPS CURVE

Developed in 1958 by economist William Phillips.

It shows inverse relationship between unemployment rate and inflation.

High levels of employment can be achieved only at high levels of inflation.

Dilemma for policy makers. (Inflation hurts poor the most)

#Prelim2020

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)

1. It is a marketable security that tracks an index, a commodity, bonds, or a basket of assets like an index fund.

ETFs and Mutual Funds Difference

1) Unlike mutual funds, an ETF trades like a common stock on a stock exchange.

2) ETFs share prices fluctuate all day as it is bought and sold.

3) MFs only trade once a day after the market closes.

4) ETFs typically have higher daily liquidity and lower fees than MF shares.

Climate Change Performance Index - Germanwatch

Global Climate Risk Index - Germanwatch

Commission on Status of Women

▪️ intergovernmental body which is exclusively promote gender equality and empower the women. It is a functional commission under the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).

▪️CSW was established by ECOSOC

▪️The body promotes women’s rights, document the reality of women’s lives throughout the world and set a global standard on gender equality and the empowerment of women.

▪️The Commission also contributes to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which helps to accelerate the realization of importance of gender equality and the empowerment of women.

KUZNETS CURVE

Developed in 1950s by economist Simon Kuznets.

It shows the relationship between Growth & Inequality.

Economic growth initially leads to greater inequality, followed later by the reduction of inequality.

Inverted-U shape.

#Prelim2020

Global Coalition of the Willing on Pollinators

◆Formed 2016 ,to follow up on the findings of IPBES Assessment on Pollinators, Pollination and Food Production, which found that many of the world’s pollinator species are on the decline.

◆Initiative suggested By Netherlands on December 2016 at the Conference of the Parties–Convention of Biological Diversity(CBD) held in Mexico

◆Now 28 member

◆About 16.5 per cent of vertebrate pollinators are threatened with global extinction, say the IUCN

◆The assessment highlights that 75 per cent of food crops in the world and nearly 90 per cent of wild flowering plants depend, at least to some extent, on animal pollination.

In-Silico Drug Discovery

In-Silico is an expression used to mean “performed on computer or via computer simulation.”

In-Silico drug discovery process is thus the identification of the drug target molecule by employing bioinformatics tools.

#100% chance
https://telegram.me/target30upsc

Living Planet Report

▪️It is published every 2 years by WWF.

▪️It is a comprehensive study of trends in global biodiversity and the health of the planet.

▪️The report presents a comprehensive overview of the state of the natural world through the Living Planet Index (LPI).

Living Planet Index (LPI)

▪️It is a measure of the state of the world’s biological diversity based on population trends of vertebrate species in terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats
https://telegram.me/target30upsc