How does a galaxy pair look like?
This breathtaking Hubble image shows IC 4271, a pair of superimposed spiral galaxies.
IC 4271, also known as Arp 40, LEDA 47334 and IRAS 13271+3740, is located approximately 800 million light-years away in the constellation of Canes Venatici.
The smaller galaxy in IC 4271 is superimposed on the larger one, which is a type of active galaxy called a Seyfert galaxy.
ℹ️ Seyfert galaxies are named for astronomer Carl K. Seyfert who, in 1943, published a paper about spiral galaxies with very bright emission lines.
Today astronomers know that about 10% of all galaxies may be Seyfert galaxies. They belong to the class of active galaxies — galaxies that have supermassive black holes at their centers accreting material, which releases vast amounts of radiation.
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This breathtaking Hubble image shows IC 4271, a pair of superimposed spiral galaxies.
IC 4271, also known as Arp 40, LEDA 47334 and IRAS 13271+3740, is located approximately 800 million light-years away in the constellation of Canes Venatici.
The smaller galaxy in IC 4271 is superimposed on the larger one, which is a type of active galaxy called a Seyfert galaxy.
ℹ️ Seyfert galaxies are named for astronomer Carl K. Seyfert who, in 1943, published a paper about spiral galaxies with very bright emission lines.
Today astronomers know that about 10% of all galaxies may be Seyfert galaxies. They belong to the class of active galaxies — galaxies that have supermassive black holes at their centers accreting material, which releases vast amounts of radiation.
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How do galaxies interact?
While the distances between galaxies seem large, so too are galaxies’ diameters.
Compared to stars, galaxies are relatively close to one another. They interact and even collide.
When galaxies collide, they pass through each other; their stars don’t crash into each other because of the immense distances between them.
However, gravitational interactions between colliding galaxies could create new waves of star formation, supernovas and even black holes.
Collisions do distort a galaxy’s shape and computer models show that collisions between spiral galaxies can eventually make ellipticals.
Here is a stunning visualization of a pair of colliding spiral galaxies. This galactic get-together show NGC 2207 and IC 2163, located about 130 million light years from Earth, in the constellation of Canis Major, that astronomers have been observing during several last decades.
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While the distances between galaxies seem large, so too are galaxies’ diameters.
Compared to stars, galaxies are relatively close to one another. They interact and even collide.
When galaxies collide, they pass through each other; their stars don’t crash into each other because of the immense distances between them.
However, gravitational interactions between colliding galaxies could create new waves of star formation, supernovas and even black holes.
Collisions do distort a galaxy’s shape and computer models show that collisions between spiral galaxies can eventually make ellipticals.
Here is a stunning visualization of a pair of colliding spiral galaxies. This galactic get-together show NGC 2207 and IC 2163, located about 130 million light years from Earth, in the constellation of Canis Major, that astronomers have been observing during several last decades.
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What animals are helping paleontologists to discover new ancient species?
The answer to this question is ants 🐜!
In North America, paleontologists have just discovered 10 new species of ancient mammals thanks to the tiny mound-building insects.
The scientific success involves natural activities of harvester ants ⬆️ who gather seeds and live in large sediment mounds ⬆️.
Constructing their mounds, 🐜 act as the world’s smallest fossil collectors.
Examining 19 harvester ant mounds, researchers recently found more than 6,000 microfossils ⬆️ – each no more than a few millimeters wide – from ancient mammals.
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The answer to this question is ants 🐜!
In North America, paleontologists have just discovered 10 new species of ancient mammals thanks to the tiny mound-building insects.
The scientific success involves natural activities of harvester ants ⬆️ who gather seeds and live in large sediment mounds ⬆️.
Constructing their mounds, 🐜 act as the world’s smallest fossil collectors.
Examining 19 harvester ant mounds, researchers recently found more than 6,000 microfossils ⬆️ – each no more than a few millimeters wide – from ancient mammals.
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What are 5 amazing facts about ants?
1️⃣ There are over 12,000 ant species worldwide that can be found on every single continent except Antarctica.
Ranging from the ant you might find near your house to the ants building underground fortresses in the rainforest, to flying ants!
2️⃣ The bullet ant is said to have the most painful sting in the world!
Living in humid jungle conditions, their sting has been compared to being hit by a bullet!
3️⃣ Ants are the longest living insects.
Unlike some bugs who might only live for days or even hours, the queen ant of one particular species – the Pogonomyrmex Owyheei – can live up to 30 years!
4️⃣ The ant is one of the world’s strongest creatures in relation to its size
A single ant can carry 50 times its own bodyweight!
5️⃣ Ants hold the record for the fastest movement in the animal kingdom
The aptly named species of trap jaw ant, can close its jaws at 225 km/h (140mph), which it uses to kill its prey or injure predators.
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1️⃣ There are over 12,000 ant species worldwide that can be found on every single continent except Antarctica.
Ranging from the ant you might find near your house to the ants building underground fortresses in the rainforest, to flying ants!
2️⃣ The bullet ant is said to have the most painful sting in the world!
Living in humid jungle conditions, their sting has been compared to being hit by a bullet!
3️⃣ Ants are the longest living insects.
Unlike some bugs who might only live for days or even hours, the queen ant of one particular species – the Pogonomyrmex Owyheei – can live up to 30 years!
4️⃣ The ant is one of the world’s strongest creatures in relation to its size
A single ant can carry 50 times its own bodyweight!
5️⃣ Ants hold the record for the fastest movement in the animal kingdom
The aptly named species of trap jaw ant, can close its jaws at 225 km/h (140mph), which it uses to kill its prey or injure predators.
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What is a formicary?
A formicary is another word for an ant colony.
The formicary, is made up of one or more egg-laying queens and a large amount of female “worker” ants who tend to her, build and maintain the nest, forage for food and care for the young.
Male ants have wings and their only function is to mate with the queen.
❗️The largest ant’s nest ever found was over 3,700 miles wide! Found in Argentina in 2000, the ginormous colony housed 33 ant populations which had merged into one giant supercolony, with millions of nests and billions of workers!
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A formicary is another word for an ant colony.
The formicary, is made up of one or more egg-laying queens and a large amount of female “worker” ants who tend to her, build and maintain the nest, forage for food and care for the young.
Male ants have wings and their only function is to mate with the queen.
❗️The largest ant’s nest ever found was over 3,700 miles wide! Found in Argentina in 2000, the ginormous colony housed 33 ant populations which had merged into one giant supercolony, with millions of nests and billions of workers!
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How do ants communicate?
It is known that 🐜 don’t have ears, and some of them even don’t have eyes.
▪️Ants “listen” by feeling vibrations from the ground through their feet, and eye-less ants such as the driver ant species can communicate by using their antennae.
▪️They can also send chemical signals (called pheromones) released through their body to send messages to other ants.
▪️They send out warnings when danger’s near, leave trails of pheromones leading to food sources and even use them to attract a mate – a sort of ant love potion.
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It is known that 🐜 don’t have ears, and some of them even don’t have eyes.
▪️Ants “listen” by feeling vibrations from the ground through their feet, and eye-less ants such as the driver ant species can communicate by using their antennae.
▪️They can also send chemical signals (called pheromones) released through their body to send messages to other ants.
▪️They send out warnings when danger’s near, leave trails of pheromones leading to food sources and even use them to attract a mate – a sort of ant love potion.
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Which ant species is the most “expensive” for humans?
Red imported fire ants hold the title of the most “expensive” ants for the human society.🐜💸
Originally native to South America and accidentally introduced in Northern America, Australia, New Zealand, several Asian and Caribbean countries, this species has a painful bite which causes a burning sensation – hence the name “fire ant” 🔥🐜.
They’ve also been known to cause damage to farmer’s crops.
So contacts with red imported fire ants result in millions in veterinary and medical bills, causing annually over 3 billion 💲 worth of economic damage!💰💰💰
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Red imported fire ants hold the title of the most “expensive” ants for the human society.🐜💸
Originally native to South America and accidentally introduced in Northern America, Australia, New Zealand, several Asian and Caribbean countries, this species has a painful bite which causes a burning sensation – hence the name “fire ant” 🔥🐜.
They’ve also been known to cause damage to farmer’s crops.
So contacts with red imported fire ants result in millions in veterinary and medical bills, causing annually over 3 billion 💲 worth of economic damage!💰💰💰
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What is mathematics?
Mathematics is the science of numbers and their operations, interrelations, combinations, generalizations, abstractions, and of space configurations and their structure, measurement, transformations, and generalizations.
Mathematics is a formal science in which we often use letters, symbols, and signs.
It is derived from the Greek mathema, which can be translated as “study of a subject”.
With the immense & rapid progress in science, there is a variety of branches and sub-branches found in mathematics.
📌However, there are 1️⃣7️⃣ major branches/divisions, which are given below:
1️⃣ Geometry
2️⃣ Algebra
3️⃣ Arithmetic
4️⃣ Trigonometry
5️⃣ Infinitesimal calculus
6️⃣ Mathematical analysis
7️⃣ Mathematical logic
8️⃣ Game theory
9️⃣ Discrete mathematics
1️⃣0️⃣ Graph theory
1️⃣1️⃣ Number theory
1️⃣2️⃣ Topology
1️⃣3️⃣ Pure mathematics
1️⃣4️⃣ Applied mathematics
1️⃣5️⃣ Combinatorics
1️⃣6️⃣ Experimental mathematics
1️⃣7️⃣ Order theory or Set theory
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Mathematics is the science of numbers and their operations, interrelations, combinations, generalizations, abstractions, and of space configurations and their structure, measurement, transformations, and generalizations.
Mathematics is a formal science in which we often use letters, symbols, and signs.
It is derived from the Greek mathema, which can be translated as “study of a subject”.
With the immense & rapid progress in science, there is a variety of branches and sub-branches found in mathematics.
📌However, there are 1️⃣7️⃣ major branches/divisions, which are given below:
1️⃣ Geometry
2️⃣ Algebra
3️⃣ Arithmetic
4️⃣ Trigonometry
5️⃣ Infinitesimal calculus
6️⃣ Mathematical analysis
7️⃣ Mathematical logic
8️⃣ Game theory
9️⃣ Discrete mathematics
1️⃣0️⃣ Graph theory
1️⃣1️⃣ Number theory
1️⃣2️⃣ Topology
1️⃣3️⃣ Pure mathematics
1️⃣4️⃣ Applied mathematics
1️⃣5️⃣ Combinatorics
1️⃣6️⃣ Experimental mathematics
1️⃣7️⃣ Order theory or Set theory
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What is geometry?
📍Geometry is one of the most important branches of mathematics that deals with the study of figures in space and their links in different dimensions, generally two or three. It also studies relationships between points, lines, and other figures.
📍 Geometry can be divided into two further branches such as trigonometry and descriptive geometry. It helps to solve the triangles and complex numbers. We often discuss many other things in trigonometry like vectors, planes, and lines, etc.
📍The word 'Geometry' is derived from an ancient Greek word 'geometron'. The word 'geo' means 'Earth' and 'metron' means 'measurement'.
📍The study of geometry is extremely ancient and has been going on for many thousands of years, across all civilizations – Egypt, Babylonia, India, China, Greece, the Incas, etc.
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📍Geometry is one of the most important branches of mathematics that deals with the study of figures in space and their links in different dimensions, generally two or three. It also studies relationships between points, lines, and other figures.
📍 Geometry can be divided into two further branches such as trigonometry and descriptive geometry. It helps to solve the triangles and complex numbers. We often discuss many other things in trigonometry like vectors, planes, and lines, etc.
📍The word 'Geometry' is derived from an ancient Greek word 'geometron'. The word 'geo' means 'Earth' and 'metron' means 'measurement'.
📍The study of geometry is extremely ancient and has been going on for many thousands of years, across all civilizations – Egypt, Babylonia, India, China, Greece, the Incas, etc.
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What is arithmetics?
📍Another basic branch of mathematics is arithmetics, from which other sub-branches spread out.
📍The word arithmetics ultimately derives from the Greek noun arithmos, meaning "number," with stops along the way in Latin, Anglo-French, and Middle English.
📍Arithmetics is dealing with the theory of numerical calculations and focuses on understanding and study of numbers and their different operations.
❗️The 4️⃣ primary arithmetical operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division ➕➖➗✖️
📍Fractions, decimals, percentages, fractions, square root, exponents, and other arithmetic operations are used to achieve mathematical simplifications.
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📍Another basic branch of mathematics is arithmetics, from which other sub-branches spread out.
📍The word arithmetics ultimately derives from the Greek noun arithmos, meaning "number," with stops along the way in Latin, Anglo-French, and Middle English.
📍Arithmetics is dealing with the theory of numerical calculations and focuses on understanding and study of numbers and their different operations.
❗️The 4️⃣ primary arithmetical operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division ➕➖➗✖️
📍Fractions, decimals, percentages, fractions, square root, exponents, and other arithmetic operations are used to achieve mathematical simplifications.
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How can four main arithmetical operations be described?
➕:
✔️Addition is the process of taking two or more numbers and adding them together. In other words, it is the total sum of all the numbers.
✔️Addition of whole numbers results in a number greater than the added numbers.
➖:
✔️Subtraction is the process, in which we remove objects from the original group.
✔️In subtraction, the numerical value of the original number becomes less.
✖️:
✔️Multiplication is adding the same number to itself a certain number of times.
✔️When we multiply two numbers, the result is called a product.
➗ :
✔️Division is breaking a large object or group into smaller parts or groups.
✔️The number or the larger group that gets divided is known as the dividend.
✔️The number that divides the dividend is known as the divisor.
✔️The number obtained after dividing the dividend by a divisor is called the quotient.
✔️The number left after dividing is called remainder.
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➕:
✔️Addition is the process of taking two or more numbers and adding them together. In other words, it is the total sum of all the numbers.
✔️Addition of whole numbers results in a number greater than the added numbers.
➖:
✔️Subtraction is the process, in which we remove objects from the original group.
✔️In subtraction, the numerical value of the original number becomes less.
✖️:
✔️Multiplication is adding the same number to itself a certain number of times.
✔️When we multiply two numbers, the result is called a product.
➗ :
✔️Division is breaking a large object or group into smaller parts or groups.
✔️The number or the larger group that gets divided is known as the dividend.
✔️The number that divides the dividend is known as the divisor.
✔️The number obtained after dividing the dividend by a divisor is called the quotient.
✔️The number left after dividing is called remainder.
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What are three largest islands on Earth?
🥇Greenland is the largest island in the world.
With a total covered area of 2,130,800 sq km (822,700 sq miles), it is located between the Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean.
Greenland has the population of about 55,000 people and its density is 0.028/km2 (0.1/sq miles).
Greenland is an island country within the Kingdom of Danemark.
🥈New Guinea is the 2nd largest Island in the world.
Area: 785,753 sq km (303,381 sq miles)
Population: 11,306,940
Population density: 14/km2 (36/sq miles)
Location: Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, Oceania
🥉Borneo Island is the 3rd largest Island,
Area: 743,330 sq km (288,869 sq miles)
Population: 19,804,064
Population density: 21.52/km2 (55.74/sq miles)
Location: Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia, Asia
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🥇Greenland is the largest island in the world.
With a total covered area of 2,130,800 sq km (822,700 sq miles), it is located between the Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean.
Greenland has the population of about 55,000 people and its density is 0.028/km2 (0.1/sq miles).
Greenland is an island country within the Kingdom of Danemark.
🥈New Guinea is the 2nd largest Island in the world.
Area: 785,753 sq km (303,381 sq miles)
Population: 11,306,940
Population density: 14/km2 (36/sq miles)
Location: Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, Oceania
🥉Borneo Island is the 3rd largest Island,
Area: 743,330 sq km (288,869 sq miles)
Population: 19,804,064
Population density: 21.52/km2 (55.74/sq miles)
Location: Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia, Asia
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How Greenland got its name when it is not really green?
Greenland was named by a Viking named Erik the Red (an Icelandic murderer who was exiled to the island).
Historians believe Erik chose the name Greenland as a marketing strategy: in hopes that the name would attract settlers. The word “green” promised Nordic people they would find lush, green fields waiting for them in the new region.
As Erik’s ship could land on the southwestern corner of Greenland, it is possible that he discovered a more appealing section of the country and chose the name before he realized how much ice he was dealing with.
But according to scientists, Greenland was actually quite green more than 2.5 million years ago. Biologists say Greenland may have been home to similar forests we see throughout northern part of America, Europe and Asia today.
Although now more than 80% of Greenland is covered in ice, some experts believe it may soon be green again, if the sheets of ice melt due to climate change.
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Greenland was named by a Viking named Erik the Red (an Icelandic murderer who was exiled to the island).
Historians believe Erik chose the name Greenland as a marketing strategy: in hopes that the name would attract settlers. The word “green” promised Nordic people they would find lush, green fields waiting for them in the new region.
As Erik’s ship could land on the southwestern corner of Greenland, it is possible that he discovered a more appealing section of the country and chose the name before he realized how much ice he was dealing with.
But according to scientists, Greenland was actually quite green more than 2.5 million years ago. Biologists say Greenland may have been home to similar forests we see throughout northern part of America, Europe and Asia today.
Although now more than 80% of Greenland is covered in ice, some experts believe it may soon be green again, if the sheets of ice melt due to climate change.
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