Longitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface. It is measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds east or west of the Prime Meridian, which is an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through Greenwich, London, in the United Kingdom. The Prime Meridian is defined as 0 degrees longitude.

Longitude lines are also known as meridians and are perpendicular to latitude lines, which run parallel to the equator. Longitude values range from 0 degrees at the Prime Meridian to 180 degrees east or west, with the International Date Line serving as the 180-degree meridian. Positive values indicate east longitude, while negative values indicate west longitude.

Longitude is an essential component of the geographic coordinate system used to pinpoint locations on Earth's surface accurately. It works in conjunction with latitude, which specifies the north-south position of a point, to provide precise coordinates for navigation, mapping, and other geographical applications.
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सोचों तो लगभग हर शख्स मे होली है,
कोई रंग दिखायेगा, तो कोई रंग भरेगा।

Happy Holi... 💥✨

Latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the Earth's surface. It is measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds north or south of the Equator, which is an imaginary line that circles the Earth halfway between the North Pole and the South Pole. The Equator is defined as 0 degrees latitude.

Latitude lines are also known as parallels and run parallel to the Equator. They indicate how far north or south a location is from the Equator, with values ranging from 0 degrees at the Equator to 90 degrees north at the North Pole and 90 degrees south at the South Pole. Positive values indicate locations north of the Equator, while negative values indicate locations south of the Equator.

Latitude, along with longitude, forms the geographic coordinate system used to pinpoint locations on Earth's surface accurately. By combining latitude and longitude coordinates, you can determine the precise position of any point on the globe. Latitude is essential for navigation, mapping, and other geographical applications as it helps define the global grid system used to identify specific locations.
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📰Famous newspapers published from Bihar during British rule and their publishers

◾️The Journal of Bihar Research Society (1850): Shah Kabiruddin Ahmed
◾️Akhbar-e-Bihar (1856): William Taylor
◾️Bihar Bandhu (First Hindi newspaper of Bihar) [1872]: Balkrishna Bhatt, Keshavram Bhatt
◾️The Bihar Herald (Bihar's first English newspaper) [1875]: Guru Prasad Sen
◾️Aara (First Urdu newspaper of Bihar) [1876]: Mohammad Hasim
◾️The Indian Chronicle (1881): Bisheshwar Singh, Shaligram Singh
◾️Bihar Times (1894): Sachchidanand Sinha
◾️Searchlight (1918): Sachchidanand Sinha, Dr. Rajendra Prasad
◾️The Motherland (1921): Maulana Mazhar-ul-Haq
◾️The Patna Times (1924): Mohammad Yunus (First Prime Minister of Bihar)
◾️The Indian Nation (1930): Maharaja Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga
◾️Aryavarta (1941): Maharaja Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga
📰Famous newspapers published from Bihar during British rule and their publishers

◾️The Journal of Bihar Research Society (1850): Shah Kabiruddin Ahmed
◾️Akhbar-e-Bihar (1856): William Taylor
◾️Bihar Bandhu (First Hindi newspaper of Bihar) [1872]: Balkrishna Bhatt, Keshavram Bhatt
◾️The Bihar Herald (Bihar's first English newspaper) [1875]: Guru Prasad Sen
◾️Aara (First Urdu newspaper of Bihar) [1876]: Mohammad Hasim
◾️The Indian Chronicle (1881): Bisheshwar Singh, Shaligram Singh
◾️Bihar Times (1894): Sachchidanand Sinha
◾️Searchlight (1918): Sachchidanand Sinha, Dr. Rajendra Prasad
◾️The Motherland (1921): Maulana Mazhar-ul-Haq
◾️The Patna Times (1924): Mohammad Yunus (First Prime Minister of Bihar)
◾️The Indian Nation (1930): Maharaja Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga
◾️Aryavarta (1941): Maharaja Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga
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Central Govt will directly buy 5 lakh tonnes onions from farmers from 1st April to ensure farmers are not stressed due to export ban.

✴ Khushal Talaksi Shah (K.T. Shah)

🔹Khushal Talaksi Shah was a member of Constituent Assembly from Bihar.
🔹He was a member of Advisory Committee and Sub-Committee on Fundamental Rights.
🔹He strongly proposed to include the word "Secular" in the Constitution but failed. He also proposed to include the words "Federal" and "Socialist" in the Constitution, which were rejected by Drafting Committee.
🔹Later, the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, added the words "Secular" and "Socialist" in the Preamble of the Constitution.
🔹He also suggested a Constitutional prohibition against a judge's employment in any executive office after retirement, for independence of judiciary.
🔹During debates on Constitution, he famously said “The Directive Principles of State Policy is a cheque that is paid at the convenience of the bank”. He was a critique of the The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
🔹He was in favor of the adoption of Presidential system of government.
🔹He was the main contender against Dr. Rajendra Prasad in the first presidential election of India, securing 15.3% of votes.
Jᴏɪɴ ➥ @BPSCmassala

187 days: Every moment counts. Are you ready for BPSC?

The world's biggest democratic exercise will take place in India this year

The Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations and responsibilities that are enshrined in the Constitution of India. These duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976 on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee. The Fundamental Duties were inspired by the Directive Principles of State Policy and aim to promote a sense of discipline, unity, and patriotism among Indian citizens.

There are 11 Fundamental Duties listed in Article 51A of the Indian Constitution. Some of the key Fundamental Duties include:

1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities and to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of the country’s composite culture.
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.
8. To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
11. To provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years (It was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002).

While Fundamental Duties are not legally enforceable through the courts, they are considered to be important for the overall well-being of society and the nation. It is the moral responsibility of every citizen to uphold these duties and contribute towards building a strong and united India.
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