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Hint: In western Tamil Nadu, India, the Nilgiri Mountains form part of the Western Ghats. At least 24 peaks in the Nilgiri Mountains are above 2,000 metres, with Doddabetta being the highest peak, at 2,637 metres.

Complete answer: At the Nilgiri Hills, the Eastern and Western Ghats converge. They are separated by the Moyar River from the Karnataka Plateau to the north. Parts of the Nilgiri Mountains border three national parks. In the northern part of the range where Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu meet, covering an area of 321 km2, lies Mudumalai National Park. In the southwestern part of the range, in Kerala, Mukurthi National Park covers an area of 78.5 km2, which includes an intact shola-grassland mosaic, the habitat of the Nilgiri Tahr. Just to the south, Silent Valley National Park lies parallel to those two parks, covering an area of 89.52 km2.

The Nilgiri Hills are part of the Reserve of the Nilgiri Biosphere and form part of India's protected bio-reserves. The Nilgiris sholas are home to over 2,700 species of flowering plants, 160 species of fern and fern allies, countless varieties of flowerless plants, mosses, fungi, algae, and ground lichens. There are not so many exotic animals at any other hill station. Mammals such as the Bengal tiger, Indian elephant, Indian leopard, Chital deer, Gaur, Sambar deer, Nilgiri tahr, etc are also kept. Reptiles found here are the Indian python, King cobra and Mugger crocodile.

Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Tropical rainforests are the primary type of habitat. Montane forests and humid tropical forests are present here as well.

Q. Consider the following statements regarding the Kaziranga National Park:
1. It hosts majority of world’s population of One-Horned Rhinoceros.
2. It is the largest National Park in India.
3. It is designated as a Important Bird Area and UNESCO World Heritage site as well.

Answer: (a) Kaziranga

In the Golaghat, Karbi Anglong and Nagaon districts of the state of Assam, India, Kaziranga Park is a national park. A World Heritage Site is the sanctuary, which is home to two-thirds of the world's great one-horned rhinoceroses. Kaziranga National Park in Assam is not a biosphere reserve.

Among the given options, Kaziranga is not a bio-reserve. Hence Option A. Kaziranga is the correct option.

Most of Kaziranga's conservation efforts concentrate on the 'big four species of rhino, lion, Royal Bengal tiger and Asian water buffalo. Kaziranga had an estimated 103 tigers, the third highest population in India after Jim Corbett National Park (215) in Uttarakhand and Bandipur National Park (120) in Karnataka, as per the tiger census figures conducted in 2014.

Significance: Eritrea will pull its troops out of Ethiopia’s northern Tigray region, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, winner of the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize, said. It is a potential breakthrough in a drawn-out conflict that has seen atrocities carried out against civilians.

Explanation: The Tigray Region is the northernmost of the nine regions (kililat) of Ethiopia. Tigray is the homeland of the Tigrayan, Irob and Kunama peoples. It is also known as Region 1 according to the federal constitution. Its capital and largest city is Mekelle. Tigray is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, the Amhara Region to the south and the Afar Region to the east and south east.
The Tigray War is an ongoing armed conflict that began in November 2020 in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. It is fought between the by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF)-controlled Tigray Regional Government, and the Ethiopian National Defense Forces (ENDF).
The conflict escalated in September, when Tigray held local elections in insubordination of the Ethiopian federal government. these elections were considered “illegal” by the federal government, further leading to conflict with Tigray authorities.

Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.