#Biosphere Q. What is biosphere reserve? How many reserves are there in India?
Biosphere Reserve (BR) is an international designation by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large areas of terrestrial or coastal/marine ecosystems or a combination of thereof.
The Indian government has established 18 biosphere reserves in India. 11 of the eighteen biosphere reserves are a part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, based on the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme list.
1 Nilgiri (First to be included) (2000), 2. Gulf of Mannar (2001), 3 Sunderban, (2001), 4. Nanda Devi, (2004), 5. Nokrek, (2009), 6. Pachmarhi, (2009), 7. Similipal, (2009), 8. Achanakmar – Amarkantak, (2012), 9. Great Nicobar, (2013), 10. Agasthyamala, (2016), 11. Khangchendzonga (Added under Man and Biosphere Reserve Program in 2018)
Biosphere Reserve (BR) is an international designation by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large areas of terrestrial or coastal/marine ecosystems or a combination of thereof.
The Indian government has established 18 biosphere reserves in India. 11 of the eighteen biosphere reserves are a part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, based on the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme list.
1 Nilgiri (First to be included) (2000), 2. Gulf of Mannar (2001), 3 Sunderban, (2001), 4. Nanda Devi, (2004), 5. Nokrek, (2009), 6. Pachmarhi, (2009), 7. Similipal, (2009), 8. Achanakmar – Amarkantak, (2012), 9. Great Nicobar, (2013), 10. Agasthyamala, (2016), 11. Khangchendzonga (Added under Man and Biosphere Reserve Program in 2018)
#Biosphere Q.What is the largest and the smallest Biosphere Reserve in India?
Explanation: The largest Biosphere reserve in India is the Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat and the smallest Biosphere Reserve in India is Dibru-Saikhowa in Assam.
Explanation: The largest Biosphere reserve in India is the Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat and the smallest Biosphere Reserve in India is Dibru-Saikhowa in Assam.
#Biosphere Q.Which is the 1st Biosphere reserve in India?
Explanation: The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was the first biosphere reserve in India and established in 1986, located in the Western Ghats and Nilgiri hills ranges of South India.
Explanation: The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was the first biosphere reserve in India and established in 1986, located in the Western Ghats and Nilgiri hills ranges of South India.
#Biosphere Q. Who declares the Biosphere reserve in India?
Explanation: The Biosphere Reserves in India are declared by the State or Central Government through Nomination under the UNESCO’S Man & Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
Explanation: The Biosphere Reserves in India are declared by the State or Central Government through Nomination under the UNESCO’S Man & Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
#Biosphere Q. What is the Man and Biosphere Programme?
The Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB) was launched by UNESCO in 1971 to establish a scientific basis for the improvement of relationships between people and their environments.
The Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB) was launched by UNESCO in 1971 to establish a scientific basis for the improvement of relationships between people and their environments.
#Biosphere Q. What is the World Network of Biosphere Reserves?
The World Network of Biosphere Reserves of the MAB Programme consists of a dynamic and interactive network of sites of excellence to contribute to the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It promotes North-South and South-South collaboration and represents a unique tool for international co-operation through sharing knowledge, exchanging experiences, building capacity and promoting best practices.
The World Network of Biosphere Reserves of the MAB Programme consists of a dynamic and interactive network of sites of excellence to contribute to the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It promotes North-South and South-South collaboration and represents a unique tool for international co-operation through sharing knowledge, exchanging experiences, building capacity and promoting best practices.
#Biosphere Q. What are the criteria for Designation of Biosphere Reserve
• A site must contain a protected and minimally disturbed core area of value of nature conservation.
• Core area must be a bio-geographical unit and should be large enough to sustain a viable populations representing all trophic levels.
• The involvement of local communities and use of their knowledge in biodiversity preservation.
• Areas potential for preservation of traditional tribal or rural modes of living for harmonious use of the environment.
• A site must contain a protected and minimally disturbed core area of value of nature conservation.
• Core area must be a bio-geographical unit and should be large enough to sustain a viable populations representing all trophic levels.
• The involvement of local communities and use of their knowledge in biodiversity preservation.
• Areas potential for preservation of traditional tribal or rural modes of living for harmonious use of the environment.
Q. The region of biosphere reserve which is legally protected and where no human activity is allowed is known as
Anonymous Quiz
7%
(a) Restoration zone
73%
(b) Core zone
16%
(c) Buffer zone
4%
(d) Transition zone
#Biosphere reserves are divided into 3 zones :
1. Core Areas(Protected zone): Human activities are prohibited in this zone.
2. Buffer zone (Second most zone): Only limited human activity is allowed in the buffer zone.
3. Transition zone (Outermost part and also called zone cooperation): In this zone many human activities are allowed
Nilgiri biosphere reserve in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka, Gulf of Manna biosphere reserve in Tamil Nadu, Sunderbans biosphere reserve in West Bengal, Nanda Devi biosphere reserve in Uttarakhand are some of the biosphere reserves in India.
1. Core Areas(Protected zone): Human activities are prohibited in this zone.
2. Buffer zone (Second most zone): Only limited human activity is allowed in the buffer zone.
3. Transition zone (Outermost part and also called zone cooperation): In this zone many human activities are allowed
Nilgiri biosphere reserve in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka, Gulf of Manna biosphere reserve in Tamil Nadu, Sunderbans biosphere reserve in West Bengal, Nanda Devi biosphere reserve in Uttarakhand are some of the biosphere reserves in India.
#Wetland Q. What is Ramsar Convention and what is its mission?
• Ramsar Convention on Wetlands is an intergovernmental treaty adopted in 1971 in the Iranian city of Ramsar, on the southern shore of the Caspian Sea.
• It came into force for India on 1st February, 1982. Those wetlands which are of international importance are declared as Ramsar sites.
• The Convention’s mission is “the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world.
• The Montreux Record is a register of wetland sites on the List of Wetlands of International Importance where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur as a result of technological developments, pollution or other human interference. It is maintained as part of the Ramsar List.
• At present, two wetlands of India are in Montreux Record:
• Keoladeo National Park (Rajasthan) and
• Loktak Lake (Manipur).
Chilika Lake (Odisha) was placed in the record but later removed from it.
• Ramsar Convention on Wetlands is an intergovernmental treaty adopted in 1971 in the Iranian city of Ramsar, on the southern shore of the Caspian Sea.
• It came into force for India on 1st February, 1982. Those wetlands which are of international importance are declared as Ramsar sites.
• The Convention’s mission is “the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world.
• The Montreux Record is a register of wetland sites on the List of Wetlands of International Importance where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur as a result of technological developments, pollution or other human interference. It is maintained as part of the Ramsar List.
• At present, two wetlands of India are in Montreux Record:
• Keoladeo National Park (Rajasthan) and
• Loktak Lake (Manipur).
Chilika Lake (Odisha) was placed in the record but later removed from it.
#Wetland Q. Which Ramsar site is recently added?
Explanation: 14 August 2021: Four more wetlands of India get admission into Ramsar sites of international importance. The Ramsar sites in India are now 46 and the total surface area under these sites is 1,083,322 hectares.The new sites are
• Thol and Wadhwana from Gujarat.
• Sultanpur and Bhindawas from Haryana.
Explanation: 14 August 2021: Four more wetlands of India get admission into Ramsar sites of international importance. The Ramsar sites in India are now 46 and the total surface area under these sites is 1,083,322 hectares.The new sites are
• Thol and Wadhwana from Gujarat.
• Sultanpur and Bhindawas from Haryana.
Edubaba
#Wetland Q. Which Ramsar site is recently added? Explanation: 14 August 2021: Four more wetlands of India get admission into Ramsar sites of international importance. The Ramsar sites in India are now 46 and the total surface area under these sites is 1,083…
Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary:
• Thol Lake is an artificial lake at Thol village located in Kadi, Mehsana District, Gujarat.
• It is located on the Central Asian Flyway and almost 320 bird species are found here.
• This wetland hosts more then 30 threatened waterbird species, like the critically endangered White-rumped Vulture and Sociable Lapwing, vulnerable Sarus Crane, Common Pochard and Lesser White-fronted Goose.
• Thol Lake is an artificial lake at Thol village located in Kadi, Mehsana District, Gujarat.
• It is located on the Central Asian Flyway and almost 320 bird species are found here.
• This wetland hosts more then 30 threatened waterbird species, like the critically endangered White-rumped Vulture and Sociable Lapwing, vulnerable Sarus Crane, Common Pochard and Lesser White-fronted Goose.
Edubaba
#Wetland Q. Which Ramsar site is recently added? Explanation: 14 August 2021: Four more wetlands of India get admission into Ramsar sites of international importance. The Ramsar sites in India are now 46 and the total surface area under these sites is 1,083…
Wadhvana Wetland
• It is an internationally important wetland situated in Gujarat. It is famous for its birdlife because it provides wintering ground to migratory waterbirds, migrating on Central Asian Flyway. Some of the species include endangered Pallas’s fish-Eagle, vulnerable Common Pochard, and near-threatened Dalmatian Pelican.
• It is an internationally important wetland situated in Gujarat. It is famous for its birdlife because it provides wintering ground to migratory waterbirds, migrating on Central Asian Flyway. Some of the species include endangered Pallas’s fish-Eagle, vulnerable Common Pochard, and near-threatened Dalmatian Pelican.
Edubaba
#Wetland Q. Which Ramsar site is recently added? Explanation: 14 August 2021: Four more wetlands of India get admission into Ramsar sites of international importance. The Ramsar sites in India are now 46 and the total surface area under these sites is 1,083…
Sultanpur National Park
• Sultanpur National Park/Ramsar site is situated at Sultanpur village located on Gurugram-Jhajjar highway at a distance of 15 km from Gurugram.
• It also include ten globally threatened species, like sociable lapwing, and the endangered Egyptian Vulture, Saker Falcon, Pallas’s Fish Eagle and Black-bellied Tern.
• It supports almost 220 species including, winter migratory and local migratory water birds at critical stages of their life cycles.
• Sultanpur National Park/Ramsar site is situated at Sultanpur village located on Gurugram-Jhajjar highway at a distance of 15 km from Gurugram.
• It also include ten globally threatened species, like sociable lapwing, and the endangered Egyptian Vulture, Saker Falcon, Pallas’s Fish Eagle and Black-bellied Tern.
• It supports almost 220 species including, winter migratory and local migratory water birds at critical stages of their life cycles.