📌USMLE STEP1 bo'yicha biochemistry barcha mavzulari tahlili.

🗣 Steptaker: #jon_sharipov


1] Yog'da va suvda eriydigan vitaminlar. Umumiy ma'lumot

2] Vitaminlar qo'shimcha qilish. Vitamin A

3] Vitamin B¹ va B²

4] Vitamin B³

5] Vitamin B⁵ B⁶ B⁷

6] Vitamin B⁹

7] Vitamin B¹²

8] Vitamin C

9] Vitamin va mineral absorption

10] Vitamin D

11] Vitamin E, K va Sink

12] KWASHIORKOR and MARASMUS

13] Ethanol metabolism Part 1

14] Ethanol metabolism Part 2

15] Enzyme terminology

16] Enzymes in metabolism

17] Glycolysis

18] Gluconeogenesis

19] Transports| Important enzymes

20] Regulation glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis with key enzymes

21] Piruvat dehydrogenase complex and deficiency

22] Pyruvate metabolism

23] TCA cycle(Krebs sikli)

24] Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorilation

25] Pentose phosphate pathway

26] Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

27] Disorder o Fructose metabolism

28] Disorder of Galactose metabolism

29] Sorbitol

30] Lactase deficiency

31] Amino Acids

32] Urea cycle(mochevina sikli)

33] Hyperammonemia

34] Amino Acids derivatives| Catecholamine Synthesis| Tyrosine catabolism

35] Phenylketonuria

36] Maple syrup urine disease

37] Homocystinuria

38] Cystinuria and Organic acidemias

39] Glycogen metabolism by hormones and enzymes

40] Glycogen storage diseases Part 1

41] Glycogen storage diseases Part 2

42] Lysosomal storage diseases

43] Fatty acid metabolism| Yog' kislota metabolizmi

44] Ketone bodies

45] BILIRUBIN METABOLIZMI

46] Fasting and Fed state| Ochlik va To'qlik holati

47] Lipoprotein metabolism Part 1


Kanalga obuna bo’ling👇
@firstaidstep1

🩺 Tibbiyot jildi — faqat foydali.

• Diagnostika, davolash
• Kardiologiya va EKG
• Farmakologiya | • Nevrologiya
• Xirurgiya va jarrohlik
• Endokrinologiya
• Andrologiya-urologiya
• Akusher-ginekologiya
• Tez tibbiy yordam(103)
• Terapiya(Uash) | • Pediatriya
• Gematologiya va labaratoriya
• Anatomiya va fiziologiya | • Biokimyo
• Kerakli tibbiy kitoblar
• Xattoki morg videolari

🎯Sen qaysi yoʻnalishdasan👆
{Tanlaganingga qoʻshil}

📌MS-Multiple Sclerosis(Tarqoq Skleroz

)

Autoimmun oligodentrositlarning zararlanishi- markaziy nerv sistemasida myelining demyelinizatsiyasi.

Klinikasi:
🔘 Optik nevrit(ko'rish pasayishi va og'riq)
🔘 Intranuclear oftalmoplegia(MLF zararlanishi hisobiga)
🔘 Siydik pufagi disfunsiyasi

Boshqa simptomlar
🔰 Ataksiya
🔰 Diplopia
🔰 Scanning speech
🔰 Intension tremor
🔰 Orqa miya sindromi(elektrik shok sezgisi, issiqda kuchayadi)

📄 Diagnoz
🩻 MRT- periventrikulyar plaklar
🩸 Serebrospinal suyuqlikda yuqori protein va oligoclonal bandlar
💉Davolash
Interferonlar( avoneks, rebif, betaseron)
Natilizumab
Steroidlar
Va symptomatic davo

🌐 @firstaidstep1

📌 Anemiya

✅Temir preparatlari bilan qon (Hb) tez va samarali ko‘tarilishi uchun faqatgina temir emas, boshqa preparatlar bilan birgalikda qo'shib foydalanilsa qonni Hb ko'tarish samarali bo'ladi.

Temir va boshqa preparatlarni to‘g‘ri kombinatsiyada berish juda muhim. Quyida amaliy jihatdan eng foydali va kerakli kombinatsiyalarni ko'rib chiqamiz !

🩸 Temir preparatlari bilan birga beriladigan dorilar :

1️⃣ Vitamin C (askorbin kislota) — ENG MUHIM
✅ Temirning ichakda so‘rilishini 2–3 barobar oshiradi
100–200 mg/kun
Temir bilan bir vaqtda ;

2️⃣ Folat kislotasi (Vitamin B9)
✅ Eritropoezni kuchaytiradi
1 mg/kun (homiladorlarda 0,4–1 mg)
Ayniqsa homilador ayollar va ayollarda foydali ;

3️⃣ Vitamin B12 (sianokobalamin)
✅ Eritrotsit yetilishiga yordam beradi
Agar B12 yetishmovchiligi bo‘lsa albatta
Enteral yoki parenteral shaklda

4️⃣ Protein yetarli bo‘lishi
✅ Gemoglobin sintezi uchun zarur
Go‘sht, jigar, tuxum, baliq
Kam protein bo‘lsa — temir qancha ko'p bo'lsa ham Hb ni ko'tarish samarasiz bo'ladi.

❌ Temir bilan BIRGA bermaslik kerak :
🚫 Kaltsiy preparatlari
🚫 Sut va sut mahsulotlari
🚫 Antatsidlar (Almagel, Maalox)
🚫 Choy, qahva
➡️ Kamida 2 soat tanaffus bo‘lsin

💊 Qaysi temir preparatlari samaraliroq?

🔰Ikki valentli temir (Fe²⁺):
Sorbifer Durules
Tardiferon
Ferrum Lek (sirob/tabl)

🔰Uch valentli temir (Fe³⁺):
Maltofer
Ferrum Lek (inʼeksiya)

👉 Yengil–o‘rta anemiyada — temirni peroral ;
👉 Og‘ir anemiyada yoki so‘rilish yomon bo‘lsa — vena orqali

⏱ Qancha vaqtda Hb ko‘tariladi?
7–10 kunda retikulotsitlar ko‘payadi
3–4 haftada Hb ↑
Davolash kamida 3 oy (ferritin normallashguncha)

✅ Xulosa:
Temir + Vitamin C + folat (± B12)

Masalan : kamqonlik og'ir shakli Hb < 60-70
- Ferrum-lek 5 ml
NaCl 100 ml t/i 5 kun 1 maxal
- Vit. C 10 ml t/i 5 kun 1 maxal
- Folat kislota B9 1mg/kun 5 kun 1 maxal t/i yoki m/o
- B12 1 ml 5 kun 1 maxal t/i
- Protein 250 ml ( yaqinizdagi dorixonada borlari ) 5 kun 1 maxal

@firstaidstep1