ANALOGY (n.) and ANALOGOUS (adj
A similarity or likeness
Did you know that for most of its history, the GRE included a number of ANALOGY questions? For example, students were asked to see the ANALOGY or similarity between a tree and a forest and a star and a galaxy. The ANALOGY is that a tree is part of a forest in the same way that a star is part of a galaxy. Although the ETS test writers removed analogies, they still expect students to recognize analogies in readings. Don't let the phrase "is most ANALOGOUS to" confuse you. The question is asking you to identify a situation or example that is most similar to the one in the reading passage.
Quick Quiz
Most of the wrong conclusions drawn by ethnologists are on account of the fact that they assume that bits of animals’ genetically programmed behavior are analogous to those human cultural
behavior. However, such analogies are —-------.
A. not enough in number
B. seem not to be warranted
C. based on differences
Answer: B
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
A similarity or likeness
Did you know that for most of its history, the GRE included a number of ANALOGY questions? For example, students were asked to see the ANALOGY or similarity between a tree and a forest and a star and a galaxy. The ANALOGY is that a tree is part of a forest in the same way that a star is part of a galaxy. Although the ETS test writers removed analogies, they still expect students to recognize analogies in readings. Don't let the phrase "is most ANALOGOUS to" confuse you. The question is asking you to identify a situation or example that is most similar to the one in the reading passage.
Quick Quiz
Most of the wrong conclusions drawn by ethnologists are on account of the fact that they assume that bits of animals’ genetically programmed behavior are analogous to those human cultural
behavior. However, such analogies are —-------.
A. not enough in number
B. seem not to be warranted
C. based on differences
Answer: B
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
Word of the Day: WARRANT (WAHR-int)
To justify, give good reason for, authorize, sanction: the circumstances do not warrant such extraordinary measures; the evidence warrants further investigation; these safety procedures are warranted (WAHR-in-tid) by company regulations.
Warrant may also mean to guarantee, promise, give formal assurance of: the Postal Service will not warrant delivery on a specific day; the manufacturer warrants the safety of the product. The adjective unwarranted means without good reason or authorization, unjustifiable: the U.S. Constitution protects citizens against unwarranted search and seizure; people resent unwarranted government interference in private enterprise.
To justify, give good reason for, authorize, sanction: the circumstances do not warrant such extraordinary measures; the evidence warrants further investigation; these safety procedures are warranted (WAHR-in-tid) by company regulations.
Warrant may also mean to guarantee, promise, give formal assurance of: the Postal Service will not warrant delivery on a specific day; the manufacturer warrants the safety of the product. The adjective unwarranted means without good reason or authorization, unjustifiable: the U.S. Constitution protects citizens against unwarranted search and seizure; people resent unwarranted government interference in private enterprise.
TENACIOUS (adj.)
Characterized by holding fast; showing great determination in holding on to something that
is valued
What do Jason Bourne (The Bourne UZtimatum), Noah Calhoun (The Notebook), and Jamal Malik (Slumdog Millionaire) have in common? All three TENACIOUSLY pursued something they desperately wanted. Jason Bourne refused to accept the loss of his identity. He showed great TENACITY in his single-minded attempt to learn who he was. Noah Calhoun loved and lost Allie. He then demonstrated great TENACITY in his attempt to win her back. And finally, Jamal refused to accept being separated from Latika. He demonstrated great TENACITY in his attempts to find her.
Quick Quiz
She is very tenacious and will —---------.
A. work hard and long to achieve objectives.
B. cause trouble to those trying to help him
C. change his mind after experience a little of hardship
Answer: A
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
Characterized by holding fast; showing great determination in holding on to something that
is valued
What do Jason Bourne (The Bourne UZtimatum), Noah Calhoun (The Notebook), and Jamal Malik (Slumdog Millionaire) have in common? All three TENACIOUSLY pursued something they desperately wanted. Jason Bourne refused to accept the loss of his identity. He showed great TENACITY in his single-minded attempt to learn who he was. Noah Calhoun loved and lost Allie. He then demonstrated great TENACITY in his attempt to win her back. And finally, Jamal refused to accept being separated from Latika. He demonstrated great TENACITY in his attempts to find her.
Quick Quiz
She is very tenacious and will —---------.
A. work hard and long to achieve objectives.
B. cause trouble to those trying to help him
C. change his mind after experience a little of hardship
Answer: A
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
Forwarded from ibtil_ IELTS
تعداد کلمات ایده آل در Writing Task 2:
اینکه Examinerها تعداد بالای 300 کلمه را دوست دارند غلط است. معیار نمره دهی چیز دیگری است و تعداد بالای 300 کلمه جزو معیارهای لازم برای کسب نمره بالا نمی باشد. بدیهی است که شما به عنوان یک داوطلب آزمون IELTS بایستی بیش از 250 کلمه بنویسید و بدیهی تر اینکه با 300 کلمه استدلالها و توضیحات بیشتری را می توانید نسبت به 250 کلمه ارایه دهید و اگر بتوانید این کار را با موفقیت انجام دهید احتمالا نمره بالاتری را کسب خواهید کرد. اما باید توجه داشته باشید که با بالا بردن تعداد کلماتتان به 300 کلمه این احتمال وجود دارد که تعداد خطا های خود را در Grammar و Vocabulary نیز بالا خواهید برد، فقط به این خاطر که می خواهید چند ایده اضافه را که معمولا ارزش مفهومی و نمر ه ای چندانی هم ندارند اضافه نمایید. بنابراین می توان نتیجه گرفت که یک writing بالای 300 کلمه نمره بهتری را برای شما نخواهد آورد و در واقع تلاش برای نوشتن بیش از 300 کلمه مشکلاتی را برای شما به همراه خواهد داشت.
بزرگترین مشکل افرادی که نمره ای در حد 5 یا 6 دارند این است که نوشتن 300 کلمه یا بیشتر در مدت زمان 40 دقیقه برای آنها بسیار دشوار است. فردی که دارای نمره 8 می باشد این کار را میتواند انجام بدهد ولی یک داوطلب با نمره 5.5 با عجله می نویسد و در نتیجه قادر نخواهد بود که به معنی واقعی و کامل سوال خوب فکر کند و در نتیجه ایده ها و استدلالهای خود را به شکلی منطقی پشت سر هم قرار نخواهد داد. به علاوه،او فرصت تشخیص اینکه آیا کلمات و واژگانی که به کار می برد درست است یا نه را نخواهد داشت. علاوه بر این، کسی که بیش از 300 کلمه می نویسد با کمبود ایده مناسب و مرتبط با سوال مواجه می شود و ناگزیر از ایده های بی ربطی استفاده می کند که در نهایت از نمره فرد کم میکنند.
علاوه بر این در چنین شرایطی کیفیت دستخط هم رفته رفته پایین می آید، که این به نوبه خود خواندن و درک مفاهیم را برای مصحح دشوار می کند و مصحح به ناچاربه خود زحمت دقت بیشتر را نخواهد داد و ایده های شما را دنبال نخواهد کرد. توجه داشته باشید که مصححین در هر روز تعداد قابل توجهی برگه تصحیح می کنند و برای هر برگه Task2 بیش از 10-15 دقیقه وقت صرف نمیکنند. می توان به راحتی نتیجه گرفت که خوش خطی ¼ نمره را رقم میزند. هر چند که از خوش خطی به عنوان معیارهای نمره دهی نامی برده نشده است.
نتیجه این که به اعتقاد من داوطلبانی که در حد نمره 4.5 تا 7 می باشند باید تمرین کنند تا بتوانند متنی با تعداد کلمات بین 260 و 280 بنویسند. این کار را میتوان با تمرین نوشتن بر روی پاسخنامه اصلی آزمون انجام داد. چرا که با نوشتن در پاسخنامه آزمون به مرور میفهمید که تعداد کلمات لازم چه حجمی از پاسخنامه شما را اشغال می نماید. نکته قابل توجه این است که باید یاد بگیرید ایده هایی را که با 350 تا 400 کلمه بیان میشوند در 260 تا 280 کلمه بیان کرد. به این مهارت خلاصه نویسی می گوییم ولی خلاصه نویسی نبایستی به کیفیت کلام و انسجام ایده ها آسیب بزند.
@yourielts
اینکه Examinerها تعداد بالای 300 کلمه را دوست دارند غلط است. معیار نمره دهی چیز دیگری است و تعداد بالای 300 کلمه جزو معیارهای لازم برای کسب نمره بالا نمی باشد. بدیهی است که شما به عنوان یک داوطلب آزمون IELTS بایستی بیش از 250 کلمه بنویسید و بدیهی تر اینکه با 300 کلمه استدلالها و توضیحات بیشتری را می توانید نسبت به 250 کلمه ارایه دهید و اگر بتوانید این کار را با موفقیت انجام دهید احتمالا نمره بالاتری را کسب خواهید کرد. اما باید توجه داشته باشید که با بالا بردن تعداد کلماتتان به 300 کلمه این احتمال وجود دارد که تعداد خطا های خود را در Grammar و Vocabulary نیز بالا خواهید برد، فقط به این خاطر که می خواهید چند ایده اضافه را که معمولا ارزش مفهومی و نمر ه ای چندانی هم ندارند اضافه نمایید. بنابراین می توان نتیجه گرفت که یک writing بالای 300 کلمه نمره بهتری را برای شما نخواهد آورد و در واقع تلاش برای نوشتن بیش از 300 کلمه مشکلاتی را برای شما به همراه خواهد داشت.
بزرگترین مشکل افرادی که نمره ای در حد 5 یا 6 دارند این است که نوشتن 300 کلمه یا بیشتر در مدت زمان 40 دقیقه برای آنها بسیار دشوار است. فردی که دارای نمره 8 می باشد این کار را میتواند انجام بدهد ولی یک داوطلب با نمره 5.5 با عجله می نویسد و در نتیجه قادر نخواهد بود که به معنی واقعی و کامل سوال خوب فکر کند و در نتیجه ایده ها و استدلالهای خود را به شکلی منطقی پشت سر هم قرار نخواهد داد. به علاوه،او فرصت تشخیص اینکه آیا کلمات و واژگانی که به کار می برد درست است یا نه را نخواهد داشت. علاوه بر این، کسی که بیش از 300 کلمه می نویسد با کمبود ایده مناسب و مرتبط با سوال مواجه می شود و ناگزیر از ایده های بی ربطی استفاده می کند که در نهایت از نمره فرد کم میکنند.
علاوه بر این در چنین شرایطی کیفیت دستخط هم رفته رفته پایین می آید، که این به نوبه خود خواندن و درک مفاهیم را برای مصحح دشوار می کند و مصحح به ناچاربه خود زحمت دقت بیشتر را نخواهد داد و ایده های شما را دنبال نخواهد کرد. توجه داشته باشید که مصححین در هر روز تعداد قابل توجهی برگه تصحیح می کنند و برای هر برگه Task2 بیش از 10-15 دقیقه وقت صرف نمیکنند. می توان به راحتی نتیجه گرفت که خوش خطی ¼ نمره را رقم میزند. هر چند که از خوش خطی به عنوان معیارهای نمره دهی نامی برده نشده است.
نتیجه این که به اعتقاد من داوطلبانی که در حد نمره 4.5 تا 7 می باشند باید تمرین کنند تا بتوانند متنی با تعداد کلمات بین 260 و 280 بنویسند. این کار را میتوان با تمرین نوشتن بر روی پاسخنامه اصلی آزمون انجام داد. چرا که با نوشتن در پاسخنامه آزمون به مرور میفهمید که تعداد کلمات لازم چه حجمی از پاسخنامه شما را اشغال می نماید. نکته قابل توجه این است که باید یاد بگیرید ایده هایی را که با 350 تا 400 کلمه بیان میشوند در 260 تا 280 کلمه بیان کرد. به این مهارت خلاصه نویسی می گوییم ولی خلاصه نویسی نبایستی به کیفیت کلام و انسجام ایده ها آسیب بزند.
@yourielts
Word of the Day: URBANE (ur-BAYN)
Polished, sophisticated, suave, cosmopolitan. Urbane is related to the adjective urban, pertaining to or living in a city. Urbane suggests the polite, polished style of a sophisticated city dweller.
The word may be used either of suave, socially refined behavior or ofexpression that is polished and elegant: “Mary's stunning designer dresses and witty, urbane conversation made her a popular guest at all the high-society parties.” @ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
Polished, sophisticated, suave, cosmopolitan. Urbane is related to the adjective urban, pertaining to or living in a city. Urbane suggests the polite, polished style of a sophisticated city dweller.
The word may be used either of suave, socially refined behavior or ofexpression that is polished and elegant: “Mary's stunning designer dresses and witty, urbane conversation made her a popular guest at all the high-society parties.” @ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
EXHORT (v.)
To encourage; urge; IMPLORE; give a pep talk
Are you a member of a team? If so, has your coach ever given your team a pep talk designed to EXHORT you to give it 110 percent and in the game? Taken from the movie Braveheart, here is William Wallace's famous speech EXHORTING the Scottish troops to stand and fight the English:
William Wallace: What will you do without freedom? Will you fight?
Soldier: Against that? No, we will run, and we will live.
William Wallace: Aye, fight and you may die. Run, and you'll live. At least for a while. And dying in your beds, many years from now, would you be willing to trade all the days, from this day to that, for one chance, just one chance to come back and tell our enemies that they may take our lives, but they'll never take our freedom!
Quick Quiz
The parents arranged to publicly exhort the kidnappers for the return of their son by —----.
A. explaining his special medical needs
B. saying that they would get and kill them
C. referring to them as foolish criminals
Answer: A
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
To encourage; urge; IMPLORE; give a pep talk
Are you a member of a team? If so, has your coach ever given your team a pep talk designed to EXHORT you to give it 110 percent and in the game? Taken from the movie Braveheart, here is William Wallace's famous speech EXHORTING the Scottish troops to stand and fight the English:
William Wallace: What will you do without freedom? Will you fight?
Soldier: Against that? No, we will run, and we will live.
William Wallace: Aye, fight and you may die. Run, and you'll live. At least for a while. And dying in your beds, many years from now, would you be willing to trade all the days, from this day to that, for one chance, just one chance to come back and tell our enemies that they may take our lives, but they'll never take our freedom!
Quick Quiz
The parents arranged to publicly exhort the kidnappers for the return of their son by —----.
A. explaining his special medical needs
B. saying that they would get and kill them
C. referring to them as foolish criminals
Answer: A
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
Diminutive (adj.)
A diminutive person or object is very small
The three living groups of amphibians vary greatly in size and structure. Long tails and two pairs of limbs of about equal size distinguish the salamander, although members of the family Sirenidae have no hindlimbs. Their total length varies greatly; a DIMINUTIVE terrestrial species in Mexico measures 27 millimeters (1.06 inches) long, and the giant aquatic salamander in China reaches a length of more than 1.5 meters (5 feet).
Quick quiz
Three of the computer specialists wore a special uniform, the fourth was diminutive, —-------.
A. who had to bend over his head to enter the room
B. little more than a boy
C. as giant as a bodybuilder
Answer: B
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
A diminutive person or object is very small
The three living groups of amphibians vary greatly in size and structure. Long tails and two pairs of limbs of about equal size distinguish the salamander, although members of the family Sirenidae have no hindlimbs. Their total length varies greatly; a DIMINUTIVE terrestrial species in Mexico measures 27 millimeters (1.06 inches) long, and the giant aquatic salamander in China reaches a length of more than 1.5 meters (5 feet).
Quick quiz
Three of the computer specialists wore a special uniform, the fourth was diminutive, —-------.
A. who had to bend over his head to enter the room
B. little more than a boy
C. as giant as a bodybuilder
Answer: B
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
DIGRESS (v.)
To depart from a subject; wander; ramble
Have you ever listened to someone who repeatedly wanders off a topic? If so, then you know how confusing and annoying it is when a speaker DIGRESSES from a subject. For example, in the movie, Office Space, Milton is notorious for his longwinded DIGRESSIONS. DIGRESSING from a topic is not limited to speaking. Writers sometimes DIGRESS or wander off a topic. On the GRE, your first task will be to write an essay. Readers reward essays that are well-organized and deduct points from essays that DIGRESS from the topic.
Quick Quiz
She digress from her prepared speech for a moment to —-----------.
A. support her main point even further
B. pay tribute to the prominent guest who arrived
C. ensure the unity of her speech
Answer: B
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
To depart from a subject; wander; ramble
Have you ever listened to someone who repeatedly wanders off a topic? If so, then you know how confusing and annoying it is when a speaker DIGRESSES from a subject. For example, in the movie, Office Space, Milton is notorious for his longwinded DIGRESSIONS. DIGRESSING from a topic is not limited to speaking. Writers sometimes DIGRESS or wander off a topic. On the GRE, your first task will be to write an essay. Readers reward essays that are well-organized and deduct points from essays that DIGRESS from the topic.
Quick Quiz
She digress from her prepared speech for a moment to —-----------.
A. support her main point even further
B. pay tribute to the prominent guest who arrived
C. ensure the unity of her speech
Answer: B
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
MINUTIAE (n. – plural)
very small and exact details
Drake is one of the world's most popular musician. While Drake would prefer to concentrate on creating music, his zealous fans often focus on interesting but trivial MINUTIAE about his personal life, something which really bothers him to death.
Quick Quiz:
I'm not interested in the minutiae of the research, —------.
A. just its conclusions
B. only the details
C. just a detailed description of it methodology
Answer: A
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
very small and exact details
Drake is one of the world's most popular musician. While Drake would prefer to concentrate on creating music, his zealous fans often focus on interesting but trivial MINUTIAE about his personal life, something which really bothers him to death.
Quick Quiz:
I'm not interested in the minutiae of the research, —------.
A. just its conclusions
B. only the details
C. just a detailed description of it methodology
Answer: A
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
Fast-food Addiction
Make Sure to look up the new words:
Swelling obesity crisis
Subsist
Convenience food
Annually
Accumulation
Compounds
Culprits
Empirical
@aalaeeTOEFLiBT
Trigger(v.)
Endured
Single-handedly
Portion
Exceed
Secretion
Elicit
Euphoria
Purported
Inherent
Withdrawal
Ratio
Ingest
Obese
Hefty
It is no secret that the US is leading the world in its swelling obesity crisis. The nation is subsisting on a diet of high-calorie convenience food. In fact, Americans have increased their spending on fast-food items from $6 billion to nearly $160 billion annually over the past four decades. What may come as a shock, however, is the accumulation of evidence suggesting that the main ingredients in the typical "hamburger, fries, and a cola" are addictive compounds that keep customers lining up for their next fix.
The key culprits are sugar and fat. Empirical studies reveal that the heavy dosage of these substances in today's super-sized standard of a fast-food meal can trigger brain activity similar to that endured when a person is on hard drugs. A representative individual serving at McDonald's or Burger King can dish out up to 2000 calories, including more than a cup of sugar and 84 grams of fat. (Single-handedly, this meal-sized portion meets the full daily caloric requirement for the average woman. Moreover, it exceeds the recommended daily allowances of both sugar and fat for any adult, regardless of gender. @aalaeeTOEFLiBT
Whereas heroin is an opiate, both sugar and fat stimulate endogenous opioids such as beta-endorphins in the hypothalamus, just above the brain stem. These naturally occurring painkillers activate the secretion of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, into a small cluster of cells located in the midbrain called the nucleus accumbens. Here, dopamine functions to elicit feelings of pleasure or euphoria. What's more, it motivates an individual to proactively repeat any action that originally fueled its production. In the case of sugar and fat, purported addiction is a consequence of the body craving the release of dopamine inherent in their consumption.
To validate reports that fat and sugar behave in a drug-like fashion, researchers have conducted laboratory studies demonstrating that they induce classic addictive symptoms. For example, eliminating sugar from the nutritional regime of rats that are used to a primarily sweet diet produced anxiety symptomatic of heroin and nicotine withdrawal.
Moreover, increased tolerance to addictive food substances was noted. In one experiment, rats were fed a chocolate drink containing a high ratio of both fat and sugar. Although the animals were found to ingest increasing amounts of the potent liquid, their total production of resulting brain opiates was, in fact, diminished. This would suggest that the rodents had become progressively more tolerant to the effects of fat and sugar. Furthermore, it is likely they would subsequently require a greater quantity in order to achieve the same high.
Likewise in humans, brain-imaging scans of obese and non-obese persons illustrate that the heftier the individual, the fewer dopamine receptors are present. Researchers are uncertain whether this is the basis or the outcome of obesity. However, it is clear that as weight rises, individuals need to consume increasingly larger portions to experience a comparable euphoric effect.
Make Sure to look up the new words:
Swelling obesity crisis
Subsist
Convenience food
Annually
Accumulation
Compounds
Culprits
Empirical
@aalaeeTOEFLiBT
Trigger(v.)
Endured
Single-handedly
Portion
Exceed
Secretion
Elicit
Euphoria
Purported
Inherent
Withdrawal
Ratio
Ingest
Obese
Hefty
It is no secret that the US is leading the world in its swelling obesity crisis. The nation is subsisting on a diet of high-calorie convenience food. In fact, Americans have increased their spending on fast-food items from $6 billion to nearly $160 billion annually over the past four decades. What may come as a shock, however, is the accumulation of evidence suggesting that the main ingredients in the typical "hamburger, fries, and a cola" are addictive compounds that keep customers lining up for their next fix.
The key culprits are sugar and fat. Empirical studies reveal that the heavy dosage of these substances in today's super-sized standard of a fast-food meal can trigger brain activity similar to that endured when a person is on hard drugs. A representative individual serving at McDonald's or Burger King can dish out up to 2000 calories, including more than a cup of sugar and 84 grams of fat. (Single-handedly, this meal-sized portion meets the full daily caloric requirement for the average woman. Moreover, it exceeds the recommended daily allowances of both sugar and fat for any adult, regardless of gender. @aalaeeTOEFLiBT
Whereas heroin is an opiate, both sugar and fat stimulate endogenous opioids such as beta-endorphins in the hypothalamus, just above the brain stem. These naturally occurring painkillers activate the secretion of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, into a small cluster of cells located in the midbrain called the nucleus accumbens. Here, dopamine functions to elicit feelings of pleasure or euphoria. What's more, it motivates an individual to proactively repeat any action that originally fueled its production. In the case of sugar and fat, purported addiction is a consequence of the body craving the release of dopamine inherent in their consumption.
To validate reports that fat and sugar behave in a drug-like fashion, researchers have conducted laboratory studies demonstrating that they induce classic addictive symptoms. For example, eliminating sugar from the nutritional regime of rats that are used to a primarily sweet diet produced anxiety symptomatic of heroin and nicotine withdrawal.
Moreover, increased tolerance to addictive food substances was noted. In one experiment, rats were fed a chocolate drink containing a high ratio of both fat and sugar. Although the animals were found to ingest increasing amounts of the potent liquid, their total production of resulting brain opiates was, in fact, diminished. This would suggest that the rodents had become progressively more tolerant to the effects of fat and sugar. Furthermore, it is likely they would subsequently require a greater quantity in order to achieve the same high.
Likewise in humans, brain-imaging scans of obese and non-obese persons illustrate that the heftier the individual, the fewer dopamine receptors are present. Researchers are uncertain whether this is the basis or the outcome of obesity. However, it is clear that as weight rises, individuals need to consume increasingly larger portions to experience a comparable euphoric effect.
ANTECEDENT (n.)
A preceding event; a FORERUNNER; a PRECURSOR
Many critics have noted that the 1995 Disney movie Pocahontas can be viewed as a thematic ANTECEDENT to the 2010 blockbuster Avatar. In Pocahontas, avaricious English settlers search for gold. In Avatar, an avaricious company wanted to mine unobtanium from the fictional planet Pandora. In both movies, beautiful indigenous women rescue soldiers who find themselves drawn to native peoples they originally intended to conquer. By helping Captain John Smith discover the New World's life and beauty, Pocahontas serves as an ANTECEDENT for Avatar's Neytiri.
Quick Quiz
Film critic: Some of the new films are screened today are not original in that they have some form of their antecedent in past.
The film critic believes that —-----------.
A. today’s films are worthless
B. some of today’s films are derivative
C. filmmaking has rich and long history
Answer: B
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
A preceding event; a FORERUNNER; a PRECURSOR
Many critics have noted that the 1995 Disney movie Pocahontas can be viewed as a thematic ANTECEDENT to the 2010 blockbuster Avatar. In Pocahontas, avaricious English settlers search for gold. In Avatar, an avaricious company wanted to mine unobtanium from the fictional planet Pandora. In both movies, beautiful indigenous women rescue soldiers who find themselves drawn to native peoples they originally intended to conquer. By helping Captain John Smith discover the New World's life and beauty, Pocahontas serves as an ANTECEDENT for Avatar's Neytiri.
Quick Quiz
Film critic: Some of the new films are screened today are not original in that they have some form of their antecedent in past.
The film critic believes that —-----------.
A. today’s films are worthless
B. some of today’s films are derivative
C. filmmaking has rich and long history
Answer: B
@ibtil_TOEFLiBT_GRE_IELTS
آيا ميتوان كلمات كليدي سوال Writing Task2 را تكرار كرد؟
برای اینکه نمره خوبی به خاطر Vocabulary کسب کنید بایستی نشان دهید که دانش وسیعی از واژگان مرتبط با موضوع سوال دارید و از مترادفها و کلمات مشابه استفاده کنید تا دچار تکرار کلماتی خاص نشوید.
معمولا جالب نیست که کلمه ای کلیدی از صورت سوال را در یک جمله دوبار تکرار کنید یا نزدیک به هم در انتها و ابتدای دو جمله آورده شود ودر این مورد بهتر است از ضمیرهایی مانند it, them, this, that یا عباراتی مانند this situation و موارد دیگر استفاده کنید.
اما توجه داشته باشید که این تفکر که یک کلمه را نباید بیش از 2 بار در یک متن 250 کلمه ای تکرار کرد، ایده ای بسیار سختگیرانه و بی منطق است، فقط سعی کنید که در صورت امکان این کلمه را به دفعات زیاد تکرار نکنید و حد اقل نزدیک به هم تکرار نشود.ولی بعضی کلمات تعداد متنوعی مترادف ندارند و با عبارات مشابه هم نمی توان آنها را بیان کرد که در اینصورت بایستی آن کلمه را نسبت به دیگر کلمات بیشتر تکرار کرد.
مشکل داوطلیبین با نمره نسبتا پایین این است که نسبت به مناسب بودن بعضی مترادف ها دانش کافی ندارند ولذا کلماتی را انتخاب میکنند که از نظر معنایی به کلمه مورد نظر نزدیک هستند اما هم معنی نیستند و در نتیجه کلمه جایگزین تاکید معنایی کلمه اصلی را ندارد که بدیهی است این امر نمره مربوط به واژگان را پایین می آورد و برای خواننده گیج کننده خواهد بود. در این شرایط تکرار کلمه بیشتر به نفع شماست .
@yourielts
برای اینکه نمره خوبی به خاطر Vocabulary کسب کنید بایستی نشان دهید که دانش وسیعی از واژگان مرتبط با موضوع سوال دارید و از مترادفها و کلمات مشابه استفاده کنید تا دچار تکرار کلماتی خاص نشوید.
معمولا جالب نیست که کلمه ای کلیدی از صورت سوال را در یک جمله دوبار تکرار کنید یا نزدیک به هم در انتها و ابتدای دو جمله آورده شود ودر این مورد بهتر است از ضمیرهایی مانند it, them, this, that یا عباراتی مانند this situation و موارد دیگر استفاده کنید.
اما توجه داشته باشید که این تفکر که یک کلمه را نباید بیش از 2 بار در یک متن 250 کلمه ای تکرار کرد، ایده ای بسیار سختگیرانه و بی منطق است، فقط سعی کنید که در صورت امکان این کلمه را به دفعات زیاد تکرار نکنید و حد اقل نزدیک به هم تکرار نشود.ولی بعضی کلمات تعداد متنوعی مترادف ندارند و با عبارات مشابه هم نمی توان آنها را بیان کرد که در اینصورت بایستی آن کلمه را نسبت به دیگر کلمات بیشتر تکرار کرد.
مشکل داوطلیبین با نمره نسبتا پایین این است که نسبت به مناسب بودن بعضی مترادف ها دانش کافی ندارند ولذا کلماتی را انتخاب میکنند که از نظر معنایی به کلمه مورد نظر نزدیک هستند اما هم معنی نیستند و در نتیجه کلمه جایگزین تاکید معنایی کلمه اصلی را ندارد که بدیهی است این امر نمره مربوط به واژگان را پایین می آورد و برای خواننده گیج کننده خواهد بود. در این شرایط تکرار کلمه بیشتر به نفع شماست .
@yourielts
ANTITHESIS (n.); ANTITHETICAL (adj.)
Direct opposite; the complete reverse
In the story, the narrator cannot fathom why Alex wants to marry Jennifer, who is his ANTITHESIS. Their taste in music and sense of humor are ANTITHETICAL. The story goes on to say that Alex is marrying in haste, so he would repent at leisure. (A) prediction that finally comes true
Quick Quiz
Coercion and domination subvert the integrity of love by creating power relationships that are its antithesis. That is, if one attempts to dominate one's partner, love would —-------.
A. be strengthened
B. prevent a disaster
C. be ruined
Answer: C
@ibtil
Direct opposite; the complete reverse
In the story, the narrator cannot fathom why Alex wants to marry Jennifer, who is his ANTITHESIS. Their taste in music and sense of humor are ANTITHETICAL. The story goes on to say that Alex is marrying in haste, so he would repent at leisure. (A) prediction that finally comes true
Quick Quiz
Coercion and domination subvert the integrity of love by creating power relationships that are its antithesis. That is, if one attempts to dominate one's partner, love would —-------.
A. be strengthened
B. prevent a disaster
C. be ruined
Answer: C
@ibtil