Causes of anemia in chronic kidney disease :
β erythropoietin defficiency.
β toxic effect of uremia to marrow precursor cells.
β reduced RBCs survival.
β increased blood loss due to capillary fragility & poor platelet function.
β reduced intake, absorption & utilisation of dietary iron.
#nephrology #CKD #anemia
β erythropoietin defficiency.
β toxic effect of uremia to marrow precursor cells.
β reduced RBCs survival.
β increased blood loss due to capillary fragility & poor platelet function.
β reduced intake, absorption & utilisation of dietary iron.
#nephrology #CKD #anemia
Forwarded from ππMedical informationsππ (Wisam M.)
Forwarded from ππMedical informationsππ (Wisam M.)
Forwarded from π§ Medical Studentsβ’ π§
π§ Medical Studentsβ’ π§
#PKD #Medicine #Nephrology
Adult polycystic kidney disease
#PKD :
βͺοΈ Common condition , prevalence 1:1000 , inherited as autosomal dominant trait .
βͺοΈ Small cysts lined by tubular epithelium develop from infancy or childhood and enlarge slowly & irregularly , the surrounding normal kidney tissue is compressed & progressively damaged .
βͺοΈ Two types of mutations are responsible :
βPKD1 gene mutation γ
85% of cases , mean age of onset 52 years ( 50% reach end stage renal disease #ESRD )
βPKD2 gene mutation γ15% of cases, mean age of onset 69 years.
π΄ Clinically :
β Patients ramian asymptomatic until later life but hypertension can occur from the age of 20 years.
β On examination one or both kidneys are palpable with nodular surface.
π΄Associations :
β 30% of patient have also hepatic cysts (almost always in women cause massive and asymptomatic hepatomegaly without disturbances in liver functions only in rare cases.
β Berry aneurysms of cerebral vessels (10% have subarachnoid hemorrhage ).
β Mitral & aortic regurgitation is frequently but rarely severe.
β Colonic diverticula.
β Abdomianl wall hernias.
#PKD :
βͺοΈ Common condition , prevalence 1:1000 , inherited as autosomal dominant trait .
βͺοΈ Small cysts lined by tubular epithelium develop from infancy or childhood and enlarge slowly & irregularly , the surrounding normal kidney tissue is compressed & progressively damaged .
βͺοΈ Two types of mutations are responsible :
βPKD1 gene mutation γ
85% of cases , mean age of onset 52 years ( 50% reach end stage renal disease #ESRD )
βPKD2 gene mutation γ15% of cases, mean age of onset 69 years.
π΄ Clinically :
β Patients ramian asymptomatic until later life but hypertension can occur from the age of 20 years.
β On examination one or both kidneys are palpable with nodular surface.
π΄Associations :
β 30% of patient have also hepatic cysts (almost always in women cause massive and asymptomatic hepatomegaly without disturbances in liver functions only in rare cases.
β Berry aneurysms of cerebral vessels (10% have subarachnoid hemorrhage ).
β Mitral & aortic regurgitation is frequently but rarely severe.
β Colonic diverticula.
β Abdomianl wall hernias.
π1