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قطعة دُمى ماتريوشكا

1) A matryoshka doll refers to a set of dolls of decreasing word size
placed one inside the other, The word a diminutive form of the
Russian female first name 3 “atryoshka”, "Matryona".The first doll set
in Russia was carved in1890 by VasilyZvyozdochkin from a design by
Sergey Malyutin, who was a folk crafts painter. Traditionally the outer
layer is a woman, dressed in a sarafan, a long traditional Russian
dress.


2) A set of matryoshkas consists of a wooden figure which separates,
top from bottom, to reveal a smaller figure of the same sort inside,
which has, in turn, another figure inside of it, and so on. The number
of nested figures is traditionally not less than five, but can be much
more, up to several dozen with sufficiently fine craftsmanship.
Modern dolls often yield an odd number of figures but this is not an
absolute rule; the fine craftsmanship. Modern dolls often yield an odd
number of figures but this is not an absolute rule; the original set, for
instance, had an even number. The form is approximately cylindrical,
with a rounded to be for the head, tapering toward the bottom.


3) It is believed Zvyozdochkin and Malyutin were inspired as no
protruding features by a doll from Honshu, the main island of Japan.
Sources differ in their descriptions, describing either a round, hollow
doll or a nesting doll, portraying a bald old Buddhist monk.


4) Zvyozdochkin"'s creations were first presented at the Exposition
Universal in the year 1900 in Paris, where the toy earned a bronze
medal. Soon after, matryoshka dolls were being made in several
places in Russia and shipped around the world including to Europe,
Asia and America.


5) Matryoshka dolls are often designed to follow a particular theme,
and during Perestroika, the leaders of the Soviet Union became a
common theme of matryoshkas. In one such example, the largest,
outside figure was that of Mikhail Gorbachev, followed by Leonid
Brezhnev Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chemenko almost never
appear due to the short length of them of their respective terms),
Nikita Khushchev, Joseph Stalin and finally the smallest, Vladimir
Lenin.

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