There are five extant (currently living) species of rhinoceroses, divided into two families Rhinocerotidae

1. White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum)
- Subspecies:
- Southern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)
- Northern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni) - Critically endangered, with only a few individuals left.

2. Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)
- Subspecies:
- South-central Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis minor)
- South-western Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis occidentalis)
- East African Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli)
- West African Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis longipes) - Declared extinct in 2011.

3. Indian Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)
- Also known as the Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros, primarily found in India and Nepal.

4. Javan Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus)
- Critically endangered, with a small population confined to Ujung Kulon National Park in Java, Indonesia.

5. Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)
- The smallest of the living rhinoceros species, critically endangered, found in isolated areas of Sumatra and Borneo.

These species vary in terms of habitat, physical characteristics, and conservation status, with several facing severe threats from poaching and habitat loss.

Before the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885, there were several organizations in India that aimed to promote political awareness, social reform, and nationalistic ideas. Some of these key organizations included:

1. The Indian National Association: Founded by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876, it aimed to represent Indian interests and address grievances against British colonial policies.

2. The Indian Association: Another significant organization, it was established in 1876 by Surendranath Banerjee, focusing on political education and mobilizing public opinion against British rule.

3. The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha: Founded by Mahadev Govind Ranade and others in 1870, it was one of the earliest political organizations in Bombay Presidency, promoting Indian participation in governance.

4. The Bombay Presidency Association: Established in 1885 by leaders like Pherozeshah Mehta, K.T. Telang, and Badruddin Tyabji, this organization aimed at representing the interests of the people of Bombay.

5. The Madras Mahajan Sabha: Formed in 1884, this organization in the Madras Presidency aimed to address local grievances and promote Indian political participation.

These organizations laid the groundwork for the formation of the Indian National Congress, which brought together leaders from across the country to form a unified platform for the Indian independence movement.

Assam shares a boundary with all 6 north eastern states + West bengal + Bangladesh and Bhutan

#upsc

List of 12 arts across India which I found in the calendar of Indian Bank..

Go through, it may be important for art and culture.

Edit, Sign and Share PDF files on the go. Download the Acrobat Reader app: https://adobeacrobat.app.link/Mhhs4GmNsxb

Regarding the First Round Table Conference (1930-1931):

1 It was convened by the British Government to discuss constitutional reforms in India.

2 The Indian National Congress participated actively in this conference.

3 The conference led to the formation of the Government of India Act, 1935.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

The Major elements of the earth's crust from higher to lower weightage

OSA
ICS
PMO

Oxygen
Silica
Aluminium

Iron
Calcium
Sodium

Pottasium
Magnesium
Others


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Implementation of 8 Noble Path of Buddha which includes

Right understanding,
Right intention,
Right speech,
Right action,
Right livelihood,
Right effort,
Right mindfulness, and
Right concentration

is the real tribute to Buddha on Buddha Poornima.

Tips for the remaining 15 days


Revise revise and revise

Don't read new topics now.

Try to read v imp topics of all the subjects

If you are solving mocks then don't bother with the marks.

Try to minimize the silly mistakes


Make a habit of reading the questions carefully which will help you during the preliminary exam.

Take care of your health

Eat healthy food

Take a good sleep

Do exercise

Meditate

And final thing

Trust yourself and on your preparation.

@upscwithkunal

4 Indian members were included in the Muddinman Committee :

1. Sir Sivaswami Aiyar

2. Dr. R P Paranjape

3. Sir Tejbahadur Sapru

4. Mohammad Ali Jinnah

#upsc

Who is empowered to declare and increase/decrease the area of "Schedule Area" under 5th schedule of Indian Constitution?

Very important article for GS 3

Disaster management.

Take down notes of this article.. it will be very helpful for the main examination.

Ring of fence - Warren Hastings

Subsidiary Alliance - Wellesley

Doctrine of Lapse - Dalhousie