💗resent 💗imple

➕ verb/verb + (e)s
ex: He plays tennis.
➖ do/does not + verb
ex: She doesn't play tennis.
⁉ do/does... + verb?
ex: Do you play tennis?

We use the present simple:

✅to talk about regular habits or repeated actions:
I get up really early and practise for an hour or so most days;

✅to talk about permanent situations:
My parents own a restaurant;

✅to talk about facts or generally accepted truths:
Students don't generally have much money;

✅to give instructions and directions:
You go down to the traffic lights, then you turn left;

✅to tell stories and talk about films, books and plays:
In the film, the tea lady falls in love with the Prime Minister;

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🩷resent 🩷ontinuous

➕ am/is/are + verb + _ing
ex: He's living in Thailand
➖ am/is/are not + verb + _ing
ex: I'm not living in Thailand
⁉ am/is/are... + verb + _ing?
ex: Are they living in Thailand?

We use the present continuous:
🔵 to talk about temporary situations;
🔵 to talk about actions happening at the moment of speaking;
🔵 to talk about trends or changing situations;
🔵 to talk about things that happen more often than expected, often to show envy or to criticise with words like always, constantly, continually, forever.


📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

✨ Fill in the gaps which the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

🩷 I'm busy right now. I ... ... ( fill in ) an application form for a new job.
🩷 My tutor ... ... ( see ) me for a tutorial every Monday at two o'clock.
🩷 John ... ...(not/study) very hard at the moment. I ... ... (not/think) he’ll pass his exams.
❤️ ‘What ... ... (he/do)?' ‘He ... ... (try) to fix the television aerial.’
🩷 Animals ... ... (breathe in) oxygen and ... ... (give out) carbon dioxide.
🩷 Be quiet! I ... ... (want) to hear the news.
🩷 In my country we ... ... (drive) on the right-hand side of the road.
🩷 My friend Joe’s parents ... ... (travel) round the world this summer, and probably won’t be back for a couple of months.
🩷 The college ... ... (run) the same course every year.
🩷🩷 Numbers of wild butterflies ... ... (fall) as a result of changes in farming methods.

🩷 Leave the answers in the comments

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🩷ast 🩷imple

➕ verb + -ed (or -d)
ex: He worked for the police.
➖ did not + verb
ex: She didn't work for the police
⁉ did ... + verb?
ex: Did they work for the police?

We use the past simple:
📍 to talk about single past completed actions;
📍 to give a series of actions in the order that they happened;
📍 to talk about past repeated actions;
📍 to talk about long-term situations in the past which are no longer true;

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🩷ast 🩷ontinuous

➕was/were + verb + -ing
ex: She was watching the news.
➖ was/were not + verb + -ing
ex: They weren’t watching the news.
⁉ was/were ... + verb + -ing?
ex: Were you watching the news?

We use the past continuous:
🌟to provide the background scene to an action or event (usually in the past simple);
🌟when we want to emphasize the activity without focusing on it's completion;


📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🩷sed to and 🩷ould

➕used to / would + infinitive
ex: She used to / would lock the door
➖ did not + use to + infinitive
ex: I didn ’t use to lock the door
❓did ... use to + infinitive?
ex: Did they use to lock the door?

❕ We use used to + infinitive or would + infinitive (contracted to ’d in spoken English) to talk about past repeated actions;
❕ We use used to + infinitive to talk about permanent situations that are usually no longer true;
❕ We do not use used to if we want to talk about how long the situation lasted;
❕ We do not use would with state verbs.

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🩷resent 🩷erfect 🩷imple

➕have/has + past participle
ex: She’s started the assignment
➖have/has not + past participle
ex: haven’t started the assignment
❓have/has ... + past participle?
ex: Have you started the assignment?

❕ We use the present perfect simple:
📍to talk about a time period that is not finished (e.g. today, this week);
📍to show that something happened at some point in the past before now. We don’t state when it happened;
📍to talk about a present situation which started in the past, usually with for/since;
📍to talk about something that happened at an unstated time in the past but is connected to the present;

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🩷resent 🩷erfect 🩷ontinuous

❕ We can use either the present perfect simple or the present perfect continuous to say how long a situation or activity has been going on (often with /or or since):
🌟I've felt tired for weeks.
🌟I've been feeling tired since I started this course.
🌟I've worked at the restaurant since I moved here.
🌟I've been working at the restaurant for three years.

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

💕ast 💕erfect 💕imple

➕ had + past participle
ex: They had listened to his music;
➖ had not + past participle
ex: They hadn't listened to his music;
❓ had ... + past participle?
ex: Had they listened to his music;

We use the past perfect simple:
🤩when we are talking about the past and want to mention something that happened earlier;
🤩with words like when, as soon as, by the time, after to show the order of events;
🤩to talk about an indefinite time before a particular point in the past, often with words like always, sometimes, never, before, by + fixed time;
🤩to report past events using reporting verbs;

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🎀ast 🎀erfect 🎀ontinuous

➕had been + verb + -ing
ex: She'd been studying for ages.
🎀had not been + verb + -ing
ex: He hadn’t been studying for long
🎀had ... been + verb + ing?
ex: Had you been studying for long?

🎀We use the past perfect continuous to focus on how long an activity continued or to focus on the activity itself;
🎀We cannot use the past perfect continuous to say how many times something happened;

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🔤resent 🔤ontinuous 🔤ense
🔤Hozirgi davomiy zamon🔤

🔤Tuzilishi (Structure):
am / is / are + fe’l-ing

🧩 Formulalar:
• I am + V-ing
• He / She / It is + V-ing
• You / We / They are + V-ing

🔤Qachon ishlatiladi?
1. Hozir ayni damda bo‘layotgan ish uchun:
🔤I am studying English now.
(Men hozir ingliz tilini o‘qiyapman.)
2. Vaqtinchalik holatlar uchun:
🔤She is living in Tashkent these days.
(U hozirda Toshkentda yashayapti.)
3. Oldindan rejalashtirilgan yaqin kelajakdagi ishlar uchun:
🔤We are meeting our teacher tomorrow.
(Ertaga o‘qituvchimiz bilan uchrashamiz.)

💌E’tibor bering!
Quyidagi so‘zlar bilan odatda Present Continuous ishlatilmaydi:
love, like, know, believe, understand, want, need

❌ I am knowing you.
✅I know you.

🔑 Kalit so‘zlar (Signal words):

➡️now, right now, at the moment, today, currently, these days

✍️ Misollar:
• She is cooking dinner right now🍳
• They are playing football⚽️
• I am writing a post about grammar✏️

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🔤rammar 🔤xercises

🧠 To‘ldirish mashqi (Fill in the blanks)
Qavs ichidagi fe’lni Present Continuous shaklida yozing.
1️⃣ She ___ (read) a book now.
2️⃣ They ___ (play) football in the yard.
3️⃣ I ___ (cook) dinner at the moment.
7️⃣ He ___ (not / sleep) right now.
5️⃣ ___ you ___ (watch) TV?


🤓 To‘g‘ri shaklni tanlang (Choose the correct form)
1️⃣ She (is / are / am) cleaning her room.
2️⃣ I (am / is / are) not listening to music.
3️⃣ What (is / are / am) they doing?
7️⃣ He (is playing / play / plays) basketball.
5️⃣ We (is study / are studying / studying) English.


✍️Gap tuzing (Make sentences)
So‘zlardan to‘g‘ri tartibda Present Continuous gap tuzing.
1️⃣ (now / is / she / dancing) →
2️⃣ (cooking / what / are / you) →
3️⃣ (the baby / crying / is / not) →
7️⃣ (I / my / doing / homework / am) →
5️⃣ (talking / they / are / on the phone) →


🤔 Tarjima mashqi (Translate into English)
1️⃣ U televizor koryapti.
2️⃣ Men hozir kitob oqiyapman.
3️⃣ Ular bog‘da yugurishyapti.
7️⃣ U uxlayotgani yo‘q.
5️⃣ Sen nimani qilyapsan?

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🕰 🔤ast 🔤erfect 🔤imple

Past Perfect - o‘tmishda boshqa bir o‘tgan ish yoki voqeadan oldin bo‘lib o‘tgan harakatni ifodalaydi.

🧩 Tuzilishi (Structure):
Subject + had + V³ (Past Participle)
🤩I had finished my homework before my mother came home.
(Onam uyga kelguncha men uy vazifamni tugatgandim.)

❌ Inkori (Negative form):
Subject + had not (hadn’t) + V³
🤩She hadn’t eaten before the meeting.
(U yig‘ilishdan oldin ovqatlanmagan edi.)

❓ So‘roq shakli (Question form):
Had + subject + V³
🤩Had you seen the movie before?
(Sen filmni avval ko‘rganmiding?)

📚 Qachon ishlatiladi?
1️⃣Ikki o‘tgan ish orasida birinchisini ko‘rsatish uchun:
• She had left when I arrived.
(Men kelganimda u ketib bo‘lgan edi.)
2️⃣“before”, “after”, “when”, “by the time” kabi so‘zlar bilan:
• By the time we arrived, the film had started.
(Biz yetib kelguncha, film boshlab bo‘lgan edi.)
3️⃣Sababni ifodalaganda:
• He was tired because he had worked all day.
(U charchagan edi, chunki u butun kun ishlagan edi.)
⚙️ Yordamchi so‘z:
had — barcha shaxslar uchun bir xil:
🤩I had
🤩You had
🤩He/She/It had
🤩We had
🤩They had
Qisqartma shaklda: ’d
🤩I’d gone, she’d finished, they’d seen, va hokazo.

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher

🔤ast 🔤erfect 🔤ontinuous 🔤ense

Qachon ishlatiladi?
💜O‘tmishda boshlangan va o‘sha o‘tmishdagi bir nuqtagacha davom etgan harakatni ifodalaydi.

🧩 Formula:
Subject + had been + V-ing
🔤I / He / She / It — had been working
🔤 We / You / They — had been studying

💬Misollar:
📗 I had been studying English for two years before I moved to London.
🔤 Men Londonga ko‘chishimdan oldin ikki yil ingliz tili o‘qiyotgan edim.
📗She was tired because she had been working all day.
🔤U charchagan edi, chunki butun kun ishlayotgan edi.

❌Inkor shakli:
had not been + V-ing
📗I hadn’t been feeling well before the trip.

❓ Savol shakli:
Had + subject + been + V-ing?
📗Had you been working before you started studying?

🪵🪵🪵
🧠 Asosiy ma’no:
✅O‘tmishdagi bir nuqtagacha davom etgan harakatni bildiradi.
✅Sabab va natija orasidagi bog‘liqlikni tushuntiradi.
🪵🪵🪵
🧠 Esda tut:
Past Perfect Continuous – “qancha vaqt davomida” degan savollarga javob beradi.
⏱️ How long had you been studying English before 2020?

📱 Telegram Channel
📞 Teacher