CSE EXAM upsc prelims mains CAPF CDS NDA
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The toughest exam of the Nation & Dreams of many UPSC CSE.
Here we provide free materials related to all three stages of exam I.e. Prelims,Mains and Personality Test

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πŸ”† BRITISH POLICIES FOR ANNEXING INDIAN STATES

πŸ“ 1. POLICY OF RING FENCE
🟒 Introduced by: Warren Hastings
🟒 Objective: Creation of buffer states to defend Company frontiers.
🟒 States received military protection but bore its expenses.

πŸ“ 2. SUBSIDIARY ALLIANCE
🟒 Introduced by: Lord Wellesley
🟒 Extension of the Ring Fence Policy.
🟒 Indian rulers had to accept permanent British troops and pay for their maintenance.
🟒 States: Mysore (1799), Tanjore (1799), Hyderabad (1800), Awadh (1801), Peshwa (1801), Berar (1803), Scindia (1804), Holkars (1818).

πŸ“ 3. DOCTRINE OF LAPSE
🟒 Introduced by: Lord Dalhousie
🟒 Adopted sons were not recognised as legitimate heirs to the throne.
🟒 States: Satara (1848), Sambalpur (1849), Udaipur (1850), Jhansi (1854), Nagpur (1854), Awadh (1856).

πŸ“ QUICK REVISION
🟒 Warren Hastings β†’ Ring Fence
🟒 Lord Wellesley β†’ Subsidiary Alliance
🟒 Lord Dalhousie β†’ Doctrine of Lapse

πŸ“ IMPORTANT FACT: Awadh (1856) was annexed on grounds of misgovernance, not under the Doctrine of Lapse.

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