👍1
Day 33: 20 January target:
Art and culture
Topics:
Religion
Bhakti movements
Schools of philosophy
Dances, puppetry
Science and technology through ages
Misc.
PYQs
Current Affairs: November 2025
Social Issues
History, art and culture related
#UpscRevisionProgram
After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/upsc_answer_written
Art and culture
Topics:
Religion
Bhakti movements
Schools of philosophy
Dances, puppetry
Science and technology through ages
Misc.
PYQs
Current Affairs: November 2025
Social Issues
History, art and culture related
#UpscRevisionProgram
After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/upsc_answer_written
🔥3❤1👍1
#Goodmorning
⏳124 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳213 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳180 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳132 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳96 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳96 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳82 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳33 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳124 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳213 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳180 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳132 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳96 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳96 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳82 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳33 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤🔥2❤1👍1👏1👌1
🔥3❤2👍2
Delhi sultanate architecture & administration
#notes
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/Mindmaps_4_upsc
#notes
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/Mindmaps_4_upsc
❤4👍2
🙏3👍1
JPSC - Civil Service Examination for 142 Posts
Prelims Exam: March 08
Mains Exam: May 02, 03 & 04
Interview: June 16, 17, 18 & 19
#JPSC
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
Prelims Exam: March 08
Mains Exam: May 02, 03 & 04
Interview: June 16, 17, 18 & 19
#JPSC
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
🙏12👌5👍4😁2🔥1👏1
🔆 Rise of Nationalism in India
📍 Core Idea
✅ Indian nationalism emerged in the 19th century as a collective response to colonial rule, driven by political, economic, social, and cultural factors.
📍 Modern Education
✅ Spread of Western ideas like liberty, equality, nationalism
✅ English language enabled pan-Indian communication
✅ Creation of a new educated middle class
📍 Socio-Religious Reform Movements
✅ Attack on social evils (sati, caste rigidities, superstition)
✅ Revival of Indian pride and cultural self-confidence
✅ Reformers linked social reform with national awakening
📍 Political Unification under British Rule
✅ Single administrative system across India
✅ Uniform legal system
✅ Expansion of railways, post & telegraph → national integration
📍 Economic Exploitation
✅ Drain of wealth theory exposed colonial exploitation
✅ Deindustrialisation harmed artisans
✅ Agrarian distress due to revenue policies
➡️ Economic nationalism gained momentum
📍 Reactionary British Policies
✅ Vernacular Press Act – curb Indian opinion
✅ Arms Act – racial discrimination
✅ Ilbert Bill Controversy – exposed colonial arrogance
➡️ Strengthened anti-colonial unity
📍 Racial Discrimination
✅ Indians excluded from:
• Higher administrative posts
• Military positions
• Public spaces & clubs
➡️ Fostered shared sense of injustice
📍 Role of Press & Literature
✅ Growth of nationalist newspapers
✅ Patriotic literature spread political awareness
✅ Press became a platform for national debate
🔆 Outcome
✅ Transformation of regional grievances into pan-Indian nationalism
✅ Foundation laid for organised national movement in the late 19th century
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
📍 Core Idea
✅ Indian nationalism emerged in the 19th century as a collective response to colonial rule, driven by political, economic, social, and cultural factors.
📍 Modern Education
✅ Spread of Western ideas like liberty, equality, nationalism
✅ English language enabled pan-Indian communication
✅ Creation of a new educated middle class
📍 Socio-Religious Reform Movements
✅ Attack on social evils (sati, caste rigidities, superstition)
✅ Revival of Indian pride and cultural self-confidence
✅ Reformers linked social reform with national awakening
📍 Political Unification under British Rule
✅ Single administrative system across India
✅ Uniform legal system
✅ Expansion of railways, post & telegraph → national integration
📍 Economic Exploitation
✅ Drain of wealth theory exposed colonial exploitation
✅ Deindustrialisation harmed artisans
✅ Agrarian distress due to revenue policies
➡️ Economic nationalism gained momentum
📍 Reactionary British Policies
✅ Vernacular Press Act – curb Indian opinion
✅ Arms Act – racial discrimination
✅ Ilbert Bill Controversy – exposed colonial arrogance
➡️ Strengthened anti-colonial unity
📍 Racial Discrimination
✅ Indians excluded from:
• Higher administrative posts
• Military positions
• Public spaces & clubs
➡️ Fostered shared sense of injustice
📍 Role of Press & Literature
✅ Growth of nationalist newspapers
✅ Patriotic literature spread political awareness
✅ Press became a platform for national debate
🔆 Outcome
✅ Transformation of regional grievances into pan-Indian nationalism
✅ Foundation laid for organised national movement in the late 19th century
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
❤7👍2🔥1
Day 34: 21 January target:
Art and culture
Topics:
Revision
PYQs
Current Affairs: December 2025
Social Issues
History, art and culture related
#UpscRevisionProgram
After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/upsc_answer_written
Art and culture
Topics:
Revision
PYQs
Current Affairs: December 2025
Social Issues
History, art and culture related
#UpscRevisionProgram
After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/upsc_answer_written
❤4👍1
#Goodmorning
⏳123 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳212 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳179 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳138 days Left OPSC prelims 07 June
⏳131 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳95 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳95 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳81 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳69 days Left PPSC mains 1 April
⏳32 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳123 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳212 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳179 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳138 days Left OPSC prelims 07 June
⏳131 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳95 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳95 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳81 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳69 days Left PPSC mains 1 April
⏳32 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤11👍1👌1
🔆 India vs Left Wing Extremism (LWE)
📍 Context
✅ 10 Maoists killed in Gariaband, Chhattisgarh, including top leader
✅ Major blow to CPI (Maoist)
📍 LWE at a Glance
✅ Origin: Naxalbari Movement (1967)
✅ Ideology: Maoism, rooted in socio-economic inequality
✅ Affected belt: Red Corridor (Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Maharashtra, Telangana, etc.)
📍 Sharp Decline in Violence
✅ Affected districts: 126 (2018) → 38 (2024)
✅ Incidents: 1936 (2010) → 374 (2024) ⬇️ 81%
✅ Deaths: 1005 → 150 ⬇️ 85%
✅ Zero LWE deaths in Kerala & West Bengal (2024)
📍 Government Strategy (NAP 2015)
✅ Zero tolerance to violence
✅ Security + Development approach
📍 Key Measures
✅ Security: CAPFs, fortified police stations, helipads, intel upgrade
✅ Development: Roads, telecom towers, banks, schools, ITIs
✅ Community outreach: Civic Action Programmes
✅ Financial choke: NIA & ED action
📍 Major Gains
✅ 15 top Maoist leaders neutralised
✅ LWE area: 18,000 km² → 4,200 km²
✅ 85% cadre wiped out in Chhattisgarh
✅ Welfare reach via Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Abhiyan
📍 Challenges
⚠️ Residual pockets: Bijapur, Sukma, Gadchiroli
⚠️ Preventing fresh recruitment
📍 Way Forward
✅ Last-mile connectivity by 2026
✅ Tribal education & skilling
✅ Sustained security–development balance
#Security
📍 Context
✅ 10 Maoists killed in Gariaband, Chhattisgarh, including top leader
✅ Major blow to CPI (Maoist)
📍 LWE at a Glance
✅ Origin: Naxalbari Movement (1967)
✅ Ideology: Maoism, rooted in socio-economic inequality
✅ Affected belt: Red Corridor (Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Maharashtra, Telangana, etc.)
📍 Sharp Decline in Violence
✅ Affected districts: 126 (2018) → 38 (2024)
✅ Incidents: 1936 (2010) → 374 (2024) ⬇️ 81%
✅ Deaths: 1005 → 150 ⬇️ 85%
✅ Zero LWE deaths in Kerala & West Bengal (2024)
📍 Government Strategy (NAP 2015)
✅ Zero tolerance to violence
✅ Security + Development approach
📍 Key Measures
✅ Security: CAPFs, fortified police stations, helipads, intel upgrade
✅ Development: Roads, telecom towers, banks, schools, ITIs
✅ Community outreach: Civic Action Programmes
✅ Financial choke: NIA & ED action
📍 Major Gains
✅ 15 top Maoist leaders neutralised
✅ LWE area: 18,000 km² → 4,200 km²
✅ 85% cadre wiped out in Chhattisgarh
✅ Welfare reach via Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Abhiyan
📍 Challenges
⚠️ Residual pockets: Bijapur, Sukma, Gadchiroli
⚠️ Preventing fresh recruitment
📍 Way Forward
✅ Last-mile connectivity by 2026
✅ Tribal education & skilling
✅ Sustained security–development balance
#Security
❤3👍3
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS — 19 JANUARY 2026
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Marine Discovery
✅ 300-year-old giant black coral discovered
📍 Location:
✅ Fiordland deep sea, New Zealand
📍 Key Facts
✅ Height: 13+ feet
✅ Width: ~15 feet
📍 Significance:
✅ Indicates centuries-long ocean stability
✅ Important for deep-sea ecosystem research
📍 Global Growth Outlook (WEF)
✅ South Asia identified as fastest-growing emerging region
📍 India anchors regional growth
📍 Drivers:
✅ Reforms
✅ AI adoption
✅ US tech investments
📍 Global Risks
✅ High asset valuations
✅ Rising debt
✅ Geoeconomic realignment
📍 UN High Seas Treaty
✅ BBNJ Agreement enters into force
📍 Covers:
✅ High Seas
✅ International seabed area
📍 About BBNJ
✅ 3rd implementing agreement under UNCLOS
📍 Focus:
✅ Marine genetic resources
✅ Marine Protected Areas
✅ Environmental Impact Assessments
✅ Technology transfer
📍 India
✅ Signed
❌ Yet to ratify
🔆 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Digital Governance
✅ Govt blocks 242 illegal betting & gambling websites
📍 Reason:
✅ Offshore servers
✅ Encrypted domains
✅ Mirror websites
📍 MSME & Artisans
✅ PM Vishwakarma Haat 2026 inaugurated
📍 Venue: New Delhi
📍 Minister: Jitan Ram Manjhi
📍 PM Vishwakarma Scheme
✅ Launched: 2023
✅ Ministry: MSME
📍 Benefits:
✅ Skill training + stipend
✅ Toolkit incentive ₹15,000
✅ Collateral-free loans up to ₹2 lakh
✅ Interest rate: 5%
📍 Total outlay: ₹13,000 crore (2023–28)
📍 Civil Aviation Regulation
✅ DGCA imposes ₹22.20 crore fine on IndiGo
📍 Reason:
✅ Flight delays & cancellations
📍 Penalty Breakdown
✅ One-time penalty: ₹1.80 crore
✅ Daily penalty: ₹30 lakh × 68 days
📍 Key Issues Found
✅ Over-optimised operations
✅ Weak management controls
✅ FDTL violations
📍 Wildlife Conservation
✅ Second rangewide Dolphin Survey launched
📍 Under:
✅ Project Dolphin
📍 Rivers covered:
✅ Ganga
✅ Brahmaputra
✅ Indus
✅ Sundarbans
📍 Species
✅ Ganga River Dolphin
📍 Status:
✅ IUCN: Endangered
✅ WPA: Schedule-I
📍 MSME Infrastructure
✅ MSME Ministry approves Technology Centres
📍 Locations:
✅ Pandoga (Una, HP)
✅ Parwanoo (Solan, HP)
📍 Cost: ~₹10 crore each
📍 Pharma Exports
✅ Brazil & Nigeria emerge as key markets
📍 Nigeria added:
✅ USD 179 million exports (FY26)
📍 Health Security
✅ Foundation stone laid for India’s first state-funded BSL-4 lab
📍 Location: Gandhinagar
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 Maritime Safety
✅ Indian Coast Guard & Japan Coast Guard conduct HNS response drill
📍 Location: Mumbai
📍 Aim:
✅ Indo-Pacific maritime cooperation
📍 Operation Sagar Bandhu
✅ Indian Army builds third Bailey Bridge in Sri Lanka
📍 Length: 120 ft
📍 Restores connectivity after Cyclone Ditwah
📍 Defence Exports
✅ First consignment of Guided Pinaka rockets exported to Armenia
📍 Deal value: ₹2,000 crore
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
📍 EU–MERCOSUR FTA
✅ EU & MERCOSUR sign Free Trade Agreement
📍 Key Feature:
✅ 90% tariff elimination
📍 MERCOSUR members:
✅ Argentina
✅ Brazil
✅ Paraguay
✅ Uruguay
🔆 STATES
📍 Gujarat
✅ Maruti Suzuki to set up new plant at Khoraj
📍 Investment: ₹35,000 crore
📍 Capacity: 10 lakh cars/year
📍 Jobs:
✅ 12,000 direct
✅ 7.5 lakh indirect
📍 Tamil Nadu
✅ Launches Semmozhi Illakiya Virudhu
📍 Purpose:
✅ Honour non-Hindi Indian language writers
📍 Prize:
✅ ₹5 lakh per language
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 Lokpal Foundation Day
✅ 16 January
📍 Lokpal Act came into force: 2013
📍 Chairperson: Justice A. M. Khanwilkar
🔆 APPOINTMENTS
📍 CVC
✅ Praveen Vashista appointed Vigilance Commissioner
📍 Sports Administration
✅ Vijender Singh joins Asian Boxing Council
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 AI Translation
✅ Google launches TranslateGemma
📍 Features:
✅ Open-source
✅ Multilingual translation
📍 Model sizes:
✅ 4B | 12B | 27B parameters
📍 Space
✅ NASA moves SLS Moon rocket to launch pad
📍 Mission:
✅ Crewed lunar fly-around (first since 1972)
🔆 SPORTS
📍 Football
✅ Senegal wins AFCON title
✅ Defeats Morocco 1–0 (extra time)
📍 NCC
✅ Lt K M Sudha becomes first Northeasterner to win NCC Gold Medal
#CurrentAffairs
Join https://t.me/CurrentAffairs_ONLY
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Marine Discovery
✅ 300-year-old giant black coral discovered
📍 Location:
✅ Fiordland deep sea, New Zealand
📍 Key Facts
✅ Height: 13+ feet
✅ Width: ~15 feet
📍 Significance:
✅ Indicates centuries-long ocean stability
✅ Important for deep-sea ecosystem research
📍 Global Growth Outlook (WEF)
✅ South Asia identified as fastest-growing emerging region
📍 India anchors regional growth
📍 Drivers:
✅ Reforms
✅ AI adoption
✅ US tech investments
📍 Global Risks
✅ High asset valuations
✅ Rising debt
✅ Geoeconomic realignment
📍 UN High Seas Treaty
✅ BBNJ Agreement enters into force
📍 Covers:
✅ High Seas
✅ International seabed area
📍 About BBNJ
✅ 3rd implementing agreement under UNCLOS
📍 Focus:
✅ Marine genetic resources
✅ Marine Protected Areas
✅ Environmental Impact Assessments
✅ Technology transfer
📍 India
✅ Signed
❌ Yet to ratify
🔆 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Digital Governance
✅ Govt blocks 242 illegal betting & gambling websites
📍 Reason:
✅ Offshore servers
✅ Encrypted domains
✅ Mirror websites
📍 MSME & Artisans
✅ PM Vishwakarma Haat 2026 inaugurated
📍 Venue: New Delhi
📍 Minister: Jitan Ram Manjhi
📍 PM Vishwakarma Scheme
✅ Launched: 2023
✅ Ministry: MSME
📍 Benefits:
✅ Skill training + stipend
✅ Toolkit incentive ₹15,000
✅ Collateral-free loans up to ₹2 lakh
✅ Interest rate: 5%
📍 Total outlay: ₹13,000 crore (2023–28)
📍 Civil Aviation Regulation
✅ DGCA imposes ₹22.20 crore fine on IndiGo
📍 Reason:
✅ Flight delays & cancellations
📍 Penalty Breakdown
✅ One-time penalty: ₹1.80 crore
✅ Daily penalty: ₹30 lakh × 68 days
📍 Key Issues Found
✅ Over-optimised operations
✅ Weak management controls
✅ FDTL violations
📍 Wildlife Conservation
✅ Second rangewide Dolphin Survey launched
📍 Under:
✅ Project Dolphin
📍 Rivers covered:
✅ Ganga
✅ Brahmaputra
✅ Indus
✅ Sundarbans
📍 Species
✅ Ganga River Dolphin
📍 Status:
✅ IUCN: Endangered
✅ WPA: Schedule-I
📍 MSME Infrastructure
✅ MSME Ministry approves Technology Centres
📍 Locations:
✅ Pandoga (Una, HP)
✅ Parwanoo (Solan, HP)
📍 Cost: ~₹10 crore each
📍 Pharma Exports
✅ Brazil & Nigeria emerge as key markets
📍 Nigeria added:
✅ USD 179 million exports (FY26)
📍 Health Security
✅ Foundation stone laid for India’s first state-funded BSL-4 lab
📍 Location: Gandhinagar
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 Maritime Safety
✅ Indian Coast Guard & Japan Coast Guard conduct HNS response drill
📍 Location: Mumbai
📍 Aim:
✅ Indo-Pacific maritime cooperation
📍 Operation Sagar Bandhu
✅ Indian Army builds third Bailey Bridge in Sri Lanka
📍 Length: 120 ft
📍 Restores connectivity after Cyclone Ditwah
📍 Defence Exports
✅ First consignment of Guided Pinaka rockets exported to Armenia
📍 Deal value: ₹2,000 crore
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
📍 EU–MERCOSUR FTA
✅ EU & MERCOSUR sign Free Trade Agreement
📍 Key Feature:
✅ 90% tariff elimination
📍 MERCOSUR members:
✅ Argentina
✅ Brazil
✅ Paraguay
✅ Uruguay
🔆 STATES
📍 Gujarat
✅ Maruti Suzuki to set up new plant at Khoraj
📍 Investment: ₹35,000 crore
📍 Capacity: 10 lakh cars/year
📍 Jobs:
✅ 12,000 direct
✅ 7.5 lakh indirect
📍 Tamil Nadu
✅ Launches Semmozhi Illakiya Virudhu
📍 Purpose:
✅ Honour non-Hindi Indian language writers
📍 Prize:
✅ ₹5 lakh per language
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 Lokpal Foundation Day
✅ 16 January
📍 Lokpal Act came into force: 2013
📍 Chairperson: Justice A. M. Khanwilkar
🔆 APPOINTMENTS
📍 CVC
✅ Praveen Vashista appointed Vigilance Commissioner
📍 Sports Administration
✅ Vijender Singh joins Asian Boxing Council
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 AI Translation
✅ Google launches TranslateGemma
📍 Features:
✅ Open-source
✅ Multilingual translation
📍 Model sizes:
✅ 4B | 12B | 27B parameters
📍 Space
✅ NASA moves SLS Moon rocket to launch pad
📍 Mission:
✅ Crewed lunar fly-around (first since 1972)
🔆 SPORTS
📍 Football
✅ Senegal wins AFCON title
✅ Defeats Morocco 1–0 (extra time)
📍 NCC
✅ Lt K M Sudha becomes first Northeasterner to win NCC Gold Medal
#CurrentAffairs
Join https://t.me/CurrentAffairs_ONLY
❤10👍1
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS — 20 JANUARY 2026
🔆 REGULATORY / RBI / BRICS
📍 CBDC Linkage Proposal
✅ RBI proposes linking BRICS Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs)
✅ Proposal to be placed on agenda of 2026 BRICS Summit
✅ India to host BRICS 2026
📍 Objectives
✅ Faster & cheaper cross-border trade payments
✅ Facilitate tourism-related digital payments
✅ Reduce dependence on US Dollar
✅ Strengthen BRICS financial cooperation
📍 About BRICS
✅ Coined by Jim O’Neill (2001)
✅ Formal grouping since 2006
✅ Members: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa
✅ BRICS+ members: Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, UAE
🔆 REGULATORY / RBI
📍 Priority Sector Lending (PSL) Amendments
✅ RBI issues PSL Amendment Directions, 2026
📍 Key Changes
✅ Aligns PSL rules with recent regulatory updates
✅ NCDC included under PSL on-lending (subject to conditions)
✅ Clarifications to remove ambiguity in PSL provisions
📍 AUM Calculation
✅ Daily average AUM
✅ Last 6 months
✅ Reference dates: 30 June & 31 December
🔆 ECONOMY / IMF
📍 India GDP Growth Outlook
✅ IMF raises India’s FY26 growth forecast to 7.3%
📍 Earlier forecast: 6.6%
📍 FY27 forecast: 6.4%
📍 Drivers
✅ Strong domestic demand
✅ Investment momentum
✅ Policy continuity
📍 Global Outlook
✅ World growth: 3.3% (2026)
✅ Inflation moderating globally
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Gaza Peace Board
✅ US unveils Gaza Peace Board under ceasefire framework
📍 Purpose
✅ Gaza reconstruction
✅ Post-war governance
✅ Investment mobilisation
📍 India’s Role
✅ India among ~60 invited nations
✅ Recognised for peace-building credibility
📍 Membership Rule
✅ Normal tenure: 3 years
✅ $1 billion contributors eligible for extension
🔆 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 India–UAE Relations
✅ India & UAE agree to double trade to $200 bn by 2032
📍 Key MoUs
✅ Strategic Defence Partnership
✅ Space cooperation
✅ Civil nuclear cooperation
✅ HPCL–Adnoc Gas energy deal
✅ Supercomputing cluster in India
✅ UAE participation in Dholera SIR
✅ FAB & DP World offices in GIFT City
📍 Civil Aviation
✅ Dabolim Airport (Goa) to remain fully operational for civilians
📍 Governance Index
✅ Former President Ram Nath Kovind launches
➡ Responsible Nations Index (RNI)
📍 Focus
✅ Ethical governance
✅ Social well-being
✅ Environmental stewardship
📍 Electronics Exports
✅ India achieves record $47 billion electronics exports (2025)
✅ Smartphones: ~$30 bn
✅ 25 lakh jobs created
🔆 SCIENCE / BLUE ECONOMY
📍 Marine Fish Farming
✅ India launches first open-sea marine fish farming project
📍 Location: Andaman Sea
📍 Implemented by
✅ NIOT + MoES + Andaman & Nicobar UT
📍 Focus
✅ Finfish & seaweed cultivation
✅ Livelihood generation
✅ Blue Economy expansion
📍 Critical Minerals
✅ India announces first Tailings Policy
📍 Objective
✅ Recover lithium, cobalt, nickel, REEs from mine waste
📍 Agencies
✅ IBM, CMPDI, AM
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 Coast Guard Exercise
✅ DOSTI-17 Trilateral Coast Guard Exercise
📍 Participants
✅ India
✅ Sri Lanka
✅ Maldives
📍 Location
✅ Male, Maldives
📍 Origin
✅ Started in 1991 (bilateral), trilateral since 2012
🔆 MoUs
📍 GeM – WTC Mumbai
✅ MoU to boost MSME participation in public procurement
📍 Focus
✅ MSMEs, startups, women entrepreneurs
✅ AI, sustainability, green procurement
🔆 STATES
📍 Andhra Pradesh
✅ Satellite Launching Facility planned at Hope Island
📍 Part of Space City Project
📍 Near Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary
📍 Culture
✅ PM attends Bagurumba Dwhou 2026
📍 Traditional Bodo folk dance (Assam)
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 NDRF Raising Day
✅ 19 January
✅ NDRF established in 2006
📍 UN ECOSOC
✅ 80th anniversary on 23 January 2026
📍 Established: 1945
🔆 APPOINTMENTS
📍 Yemen
✅ Shaea Muhssin Mohammed Al-Zindani appointed PM
🔆 AWARDS
📍 SKOCH Award 2025
✅ C-DOT wins for Cell Broadcast Solution
📍 Enables real-time disaster alerts
📍 Cinema
✅ Ilaiyaraaja to receive Padmapani Award
📍 11th Ajanta-Ellora International Film Festival
🔆 BOOKS
📍 Autobiography
✅ VP C.P. Radhakrishnan releases Hindi edition of
➡ Palanivelu GUTS
➡ Author: Dr. C. Palanivelu
#CurrentAffairs
https://t.me/CurrentAffairs_ONLY
🔆 REGULATORY / RBI / BRICS
📍 CBDC Linkage Proposal
✅ RBI proposes linking BRICS Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs)
✅ Proposal to be placed on agenda of 2026 BRICS Summit
✅ India to host BRICS 2026
📍 Objectives
✅ Faster & cheaper cross-border trade payments
✅ Facilitate tourism-related digital payments
✅ Reduce dependence on US Dollar
✅ Strengthen BRICS financial cooperation
📍 About BRICS
✅ Coined by Jim O’Neill (2001)
✅ Formal grouping since 2006
✅ Members: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa
✅ BRICS+ members: Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, UAE
🔆 REGULATORY / RBI
📍 Priority Sector Lending (PSL) Amendments
✅ RBI issues PSL Amendment Directions, 2026
📍 Key Changes
✅ Aligns PSL rules with recent regulatory updates
✅ NCDC included under PSL on-lending (subject to conditions)
✅ Clarifications to remove ambiguity in PSL provisions
📍 AUM Calculation
✅ Daily average AUM
✅ Last 6 months
✅ Reference dates: 30 June & 31 December
🔆 ECONOMY / IMF
📍 India GDP Growth Outlook
✅ IMF raises India’s FY26 growth forecast to 7.3%
📍 Earlier forecast: 6.6%
📍 FY27 forecast: 6.4%
📍 Drivers
✅ Strong domestic demand
✅ Investment momentum
✅ Policy continuity
📍 Global Outlook
✅ World growth: 3.3% (2026)
✅ Inflation moderating globally
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Gaza Peace Board
✅ US unveils Gaza Peace Board under ceasefire framework
📍 Purpose
✅ Gaza reconstruction
✅ Post-war governance
✅ Investment mobilisation
📍 India’s Role
✅ India among ~60 invited nations
✅ Recognised for peace-building credibility
📍 Membership Rule
✅ Normal tenure: 3 years
✅ $1 billion contributors eligible for extension
🔆 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 India–UAE Relations
✅ India & UAE agree to double trade to $200 bn by 2032
📍 Key MoUs
✅ Strategic Defence Partnership
✅ Space cooperation
✅ Civil nuclear cooperation
✅ HPCL–Adnoc Gas energy deal
✅ Supercomputing cluster in India
✅ UAE participation in Dholera SIR
✅ FAB & DP World offices in GIFT City
📍 Civil Aviation
✅ Dabolim Airport (Goa) to remain fully operational for civilians
📍 Governance Index
✅ Former President Ram Nath Kovind launches
➡ Responsible Nations Index (RNI)
📍 Focus
✅ Ethical governance
✅ Social well-being
✅ Environmental stewardship
📍 Electronics Exports
✅ India achieves record $47 billion electronics exports (2025)
✅ Smartphones: ~$30 bn
✅ 25 lakh jobs created
🔆 SCIENCE / BLUE ECONOMY
📍 Marine Fish Farming
✅ India launches first open-sea marine fish farming project
📍 Location: Andaman Sea
📍 Implemented by
✅ NIOT + MoES + Andaman & Nicobar UT
📍 Focus
✅ Finfish & seaweed cultivation
✅ Livelihood generation
✅ Blue Economy expansion
📍 Critical Minerals
✅ India announces first Tailings Policy
📍 Objective
✅ Recover lithium, cobalt, nickel, REEs from mine waste
📍 Agencies
✅ IBM, CMPDI, AM
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 Coast Guard Exercise
✅ DOSTI-17 Trilateral Coast Guard Exercise
📍 Participants
✅ India
✅ Sri Lanka
✅ Maldives
📍 Location
✅ Male, Maldives
📍 Origin
✅ Started in 1991 (bilateral), trilateral since 2012
🔆 MoUs
📍 GeM – WTC Mumbai
✅ MoU to boost MSME participation in public procurement
📍 Focus
✅ MSMEs, startups, women entrepreneurs
✅ AI, sustainability, green procurement
🔆 STATES
📍 Andhra Pradesh
✅ Satellite Launching Facility planned at Hope Island
📍 Part of Space City Project
📍 Near Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary
📍 Culture
✅ PM attends Bagurumba Dwhou 2026
📍 Traditional Bodo folk dance (Assam)
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 NDRF Raising Day
✅ 19 January
✅ NDRF established in 2006
📍 UN ECOSOC
✅ 80th anniversary on 23 January 2026
📍 Established: 1945
🔆 APPOINTMENTS
📍 Yemen
✅ Shaea Muhssin Mohammed Al-Zindani appointed PM
🔆 AWARDS
📍 SKOCH Award 2025
✅ C-DOT wins for Cell Broadcast Solution
📍 Enables real-time disaster alerts
📍 Cinema
✅ Ilaiyaraaja to receive Padmapani Award
📍 11th Ajanta-Ellora International Film Festival
🔆 BOOKS
📍 Autobiography
✅ VP C.P. Radhakrishnan releases Hindi edition of
➡ Palanivelu GUTS
➡ Author: Dr. C. Palanivelu
#CurrentAffairs
https://t.me/CurrentAffairs_ONLY
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🔆 National Emblem of India
📍 Origin
✅ Derived from the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath
✅ Adopted as the official National Emblems
📍 Structure & Symbols
✅ Abacus + Lion Capital form the emblem
✅ Four animals on abacus (four directions):
• 🐎 Horse (West)
• 🐘 Elephant (East)
• 🐂 Bull (South)
• 🦁 Lion (North)
✅ Dharma Chakra:
• Wheel with 24 spokes in all directions
📍 Symbolic Meaning
✅ Elephant: Dream of Queen Maya
✅ Bull: Zodiac sign Taurus (Buddha’s birth month)
✅ Horse: Kanthaka, Buddha’s horse of renunciation
✅ Lion: Enlightenment
✅ Four lions: Spread of Dhamma in all directions
📍 Historical Significance
✅ Erected by Emperor Ashoka
✅ Commemorates Dharmachakrapravartana
(first sermon of Buddha)
📍 National Motto
✅ “Satyameva Jayate”
📖 Source: Mundaka Upanishad
📝 Meaning: Truth Alone Triumphs
🔤 Script: Devanagari
#prelims
#art_and_culture
https://t.me/Studytoday1
https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture
📍 Origin
✅ Derived from the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath
✅ Adopted as the official National Emblems
📍 Structure & Symbols
✅ Abacus + Lion Capital form the emblem
✅ Four animals on abacus (four directions):
• 🐎 Horse (West)
• 🐘 Elephant (East)
• 🐂 Bull (South)
• 🦁 Lion (North)
✅ Dharma Chakra:
• Wheel with 24 spokes in all directions
📍 Symbolic Meaning
✅ Elephant: Dream of Queen Maya
✅ Bull: Zodiac sign Taurus (Buddha’s birth month)
✅ Horse: Kanthaka, Buddha’s horse of renunciation
✅ Lion: Enlightenment
✅ Four lions: Spread of Dhamma in all directions
📍 Historical Significance
✅ Erected by Emperor Ashoka
✅ Commemorates Dharmachakrapravartana
(first sermon of Buddha)
📍 National Motto
✅ “Satyameva Jayate”
📖 Source: Mundaka Upanishad
📝 Meaning: Truth Alone Triumphs
🔤 Script: Devanagari
#prelims
#art_and_culture
https://t.me/Studytoday1
https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture
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