Biotechnology 1 pages Short Notes bilingual cover topic 👇
Application of biotechnology
3 parents baby
Mitochondrial replacement therapy MTR
RNA interference technology
https://www.instagram.com/p/DcQIAcbDX0E/
Application of biotechnology
3 parents baby
Mitochondrial replacement therapy MTR
RNA interference technology
https://www.instagram.com/p/DcQIAcbDX0E/
🔆 Maveeran Ondiveeran
📍 Why in News?
✅ Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan paid tribute to Maveeran Ondiveeran on his death anniversary, recalling his valour and sacrifice against colonial rule.
📍 About Ondiveeran
✅ Maveeran Ondiveeran, also known as Ondi Veeran, was a warrior from Tamil Nadu who fought against the British East India Company.
✅ Name: “Ondi” means single-handedly, while “Veeran” means brave warrior.
✅ He was associated with the Arunthathiyar community, which regards him as a hero.
✅ He served as a trusted commander in Puli Thevar’s army and was known as the “Porvaal” (sword) of Puli Thevar.
📍 Military Role
✅ He developed distinctive strategies for different battles and was skilled in guerrilla warfare.
✅ According to oral traditions and folk narratives, after Puli Thevar’s martyrdom, Ondiveeran continued the resistance through the armies of Puli Thevar’s sons.
✅ However, concrete historical records for this later association are unavailable.
📍 Legacy
✅ A Mani Mandapam (Memorial Hall) dedicated to Ondiveeran was inaugurated at Palayamkottai in 2016.
✅ A commemorative postal stamp was released in his honour in 2022.
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
📍 Why in News?
✅ Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan paid tribute to Maveeran Ondiveeran on his death anniversary, recalling his valour and sacrifice against colonial rule.
📍 About Ondiveeran
✅ Maveeran Ondiveeran, also known as Ondi Veeran, was a warrior from Tamil Nadu who fought against the British East India Company.
✅ Name: “Ondi” means single-handedly, while “Veeran” means brave warrior.
✅ He was associated with the Arunthathiyar community, which regards him as a hero.
✅ He served as a trusted commander in Puli Thevar’s army and was known as the “Porvaal” (sword) of Puli Thevar.
📍 Military Role
✅ He developed distinctive strategies for different battles and was skilled in guerrilla warfare.
✅ According to oral traditions and folk narratives, after Puli Thevar’s martyrdom, Ondiveeran continued the resistance through the armies of Puli Thevar’s sons.
✅ However, concrete historical records for this later association are unavailable.
📍 Legacy
✅ A Mani Mandapam (Memorial Hall) dedicated to Ondiveeran was inaugurated at Palayamkottai in 2016.
✅ A commemorative postal stamp was released in his honour in 2022.
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
❤9👏2😁1
Check list for CSE-Mains Exam Essentials starting from tomorrow-
1. ADMIT card
2. Photo I card mentioned in Admit card
3. Exam pad - to avoid bad bench in worst case (not necessary)
4. Black ball pen - to fill Attendance Sheet details
5. Own pen - 2 pen minimum plus 2 types also - to deal with all type of exigencies
6. Water bottle
7. SIMPLE WRIST WATCH
8. Chocolates for instant energy before exam (I don’t personally recommend them but some people rely on them)
9. One-two photos if your admit card photo is not clear.
10. Minimal cash + Common Sense + positive attitude.
This would be first day of this years cycle, make sure you reach your examination centre a bit early (will help you in coming days). Infact, visit your exam centre today evening only. Entry closes 30mins before commencement of exam. Be on time.
Keep your last minute flash notes with you.
Best wishes comrades,
1. ADMIT card
2. Photo I card mentioned in Admit card
3. Exam pad - to avoid bad bench in worst case (not necessary)
4. Black ball pen - to fill Attendance Sheet details
5. Own pen - 2 pen minimum plus 2 types also - to deal with all type of exigencies
6. Water bottle
7. SIMPLE WRIST WATCH
8. Chocolates for instant energy before exam (I don’t personally recommend them but some people rely on them)
9. One-two photos if your admit card photo is not clear.
10. Minimal cash + Common Sense + positive attitude.
This would be first day of this years cycle, make sure you reach your examination centre a bit early (will help you in coming days). Infact, visit your exam centre today evening only. Entry closes 30mins before commencement of exam. Be on time.
Keep your last minute flash notes with you.
Best wishes comrades,
❤14👍4
#Goodmorning
⏳ All the best CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳275 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳364 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳107 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳86 day left KAS prelims 15 Nov
⏳65 day left 72nd BPSC Prelims 25 oct
⏳25 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳18 day left Mppsc mains 7 September
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳ All the best CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳275 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳364 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳107 days left UPPSC/RAS prelims 6 December
⏳86 day left KAS prelims 15 Nov
⏳65 day left 72nd BPSC Prelims 25 oct
⏳25 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳18 day left Mppsc mains 7 September
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤3
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS – 20 AUGUST 2026 | THURSDAY
🔆 SOCIAL ISSUES
📍 Snakebite Declared Notifiable Disease in Maharashtra
✅ Maharashtra has made snakebite and snakebite deaths a notifiable disease/event
✅ Government and private hospitals, medical colleges and practitioners must report suspected, probable and confirmed cases and deaths
✅ Data will be recorded through HMIS/DHIS-2, IDSP or other government-specified reporting systems
✅ Nodal officers appointed at State, district and municipal levels
✅ Aim: ensure timely treatment, adequate Anti-Snake Venom (ASV) availability, reliable data and preventive measures
📍 Her Harvest 2026
✅ Report highlights widespread misclassification of women farmers as unpaid helpers
✅ 50.5% of women in agriculture are recorded as unpaid helpers, compared with 21.7% of men
✅ Women constitute 48% of the agricultural workforce, but hold only 13.96% of operational holdings
✅ Estimated annual agricultural output loss: ₹1.2–2 lakh crore
✅ Women-managed farms are 24% less productive, linked to limited access to credit, inputs and markets
✅ Women in agrifood systems earn around ₹82 for every ₹100 earned by men
✅ Women farm workers earn 20–30% less than men for the same work
🔆 POLITY & GOVERNANCE
📍 31st Meeting of Southern Zonal Council
✅ Union Home Minister to chair the 31st Southern Zonal Council meeting at Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu
✅ Members: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep
✅ Established under Sections 15–22 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956
✅ One of India’s five Zonal Councils
✅ Key issues: water sharing, Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, Fast Track Special Courts, education, housing and civil aviation
🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
📍 8th BRICS Youth Energy Summit 2026
✅ India hosted the 8th BRICS Youth Energy Summit virtually
✅ Focus: youth-led energy innovation
✅ Theme guided by “Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability” and Energy for All
✅ Participation of 100+ young energy professionals, policymakers and academics
✅ Focus areas: energy security, sustainability, access, equity, technology and innovation
✅ India showcased initiatives including PM-KUSUM, PM Surya Ghar, SHANTI Act and RDSS
✅ Discussions also highlighted smart grids and energy storage
📍 2nd BRICS Tourism Working Group Meeting
✅ Held in Jaipur under India’s BRICS Chairship
✅ Theme: “Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability”
✅ Focus: AI in tourism, sustainable & responsible tourism, skilling and seamless travel facilitation
✅ BRICS members reaffirmed tourism as a driver of economic growth, employment, sustainable development and people-to-people exchanges
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 Regional Rural Banks’ Performance – FY26
✅ Gross loans of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) rose 10.3% from ₹5.24 lakh crore to ₹5.78 lakh crore
✅ Priority Sector Lending (PSL): 91.7%, against the 75% target
✅ Agriculture accounted for the largest share: ₹3.78 lakh crore (77% of PSL)
✅ Farm credit constituted 98% of agricultural lending
✅ MSME credit: ₹66,978 crore (13.6% of PSL)
✅ Around 95% of MSME lending went to micro enterprises
✅ Lending to weaker sections stood at ₹3.49 lakh crore
✅ RRBs continue to support rural credit, livelihoods, entrepreneurship and financial inclusion
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 2030 Food System Goal
✅ A Nature Food study by the Food Systems Countdown Initiative assessed 197 countries across 44 indicators
✅ Most countries are not on track to meet 2030 food-system goals
✅ Food-system emissions remain 75% away from the target
✅ No country is currently on track across the assessed indicators
✅ Key concerns: food insecurity, weak governance, ultra-processed food consumption, pesticide use and water withdrawals
✅ Europe and Asia are relatively closer to targets, while Africa and the Americas lag
✅ Some indicators, including cropland change, rural employment and mobile subscriptions, show progress
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 Smart Cancer Drug – RK-251
✅ Developed by researchers from IASST and IIT Guwahati
✅ Designed to activate only inside cancer cells, potentially reducing damage to healthy cells
✅ Cancer cells often contain high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
✅ High ROS levels trigger RK-251 inside cancer cells
✅ Activation releases the anticancer compound NBDHEX
✅ NBDHEX targets proteins that help cancer cells survive and resist treatment
✅ Demonstrated strong activity against triple-negative breast cancer
✅ Zebrafish embryo studies showed no toxicity in the reported testing
✅ Fluorescence confirmed ROS-triggered activation
🔆 MISCELLANEOUS
📍 Ivonne Baki – UN Secretary-General Candidate
✅ Ecuadorian diplomat Ivonne Baki nominated as a candidate for UN Secretary-General
✅ Backed by Tonga
✅ She is the second candidate from Ecuador
✅ Served as minister and ambassador to France, Qatar and the USA
✅ Vision: renew the UN Charter’s promise through results, fresh ideas and new talent
📍 Oldest Directly Dated Traces of Microbial Life
✅ Evidence discovered in the Singhbhum Craton, spanning Jharkhand–Odisha
✅ Rock sample from Bhitardari
✅ Age: approximately 3.497 billion years
✅ Age determined using zircon crystals
✅ Carbon isotopes and degraded organic matter provided evidence of a microbial biosignature
✅ Significance: represents the oldest directly dated rock with confirmed traces of microbial life, indicating life existed very early in Earth’s history
#CurrentAffairs
🔆 SOCIAL ISSUES
📍 Snakebite Declared Notifiable Disease in Maharashtra
✅ Maharashtra has made snakebite and snakebite deaths a notifiable disease/event
✅ Government and private hospitals, medical colleges and practitioners must report suspected, probable and confirmed cases and deaths
✅ Data will be recorded through HMIS/DHIS-2, IDSP or other government-specified reporting systems
✅ Nodal officers appointed at State, district and municipal levels
✅ Aim: ensure timely treatment, adequate Anti-Snake Venom (ASV) availability, reliable data and preventive measures
📍 Her Harvest 2026
✅ Report highlights widespread misclassification of women farmers as unpaid helpers
✅ 50.5% of women in agriculture are recorded as unpaid helpers, compared with 21.7% of men
✅ Women constitute 48% of the agricultural workforce, but hold only 13.96% of operational holdings
✅ Estimated annual agricultural output loss: ₹1.2–2 lakh crore
✅ Women-managed farms are 24% less productive, linked to limited access to credit, inputs and markets
✅ Women in agrifood systems earn around ₹82 for every ₹100 earned by men
✅ Women farm workers earn 20–30% less than men for the same work
🔆 POLITY & GOVERNANCE
📍 31st Meeting of Southern Zonal Council
✅ Union Home Minister to chair the 31st Southern Zonal Council meeting at Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu
✅ Members: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep
✅ Established under Sections 15–22 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956
✅ One of India’s five Zonal Councils
✅ Key issues: water sharing, Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, Fast Track Special Courts, education, housing and civil aviation
🔆 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
📍 8th BRICS Youth Energy Summit 2026
✅ India hosted the 8th BRICS Youth Energy Summit virtually
✅ Focus: youth-led energy innovation
✅ Theme guided by “Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability” and Energy for All
✅ Participation of 100+ young energy professionals, policymakers and academics
✅ Focus areas: energy security, sustainability, access, equity, technology and innovation
✅ India showcased initiatives including PM-KUSUM, PM Surya Ghar, SHANTI Act and RDSS
✅ Discussions also highlighted smart grids and energy storage
📍 2nd BRICS Tourism Working Group Meeting
✅ Held in Jaipur under India’s BRICS Chairship
✅ Theme: “Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability”
✅ Focus: AI in tourism, sustainable & responsible tourism, skilling and seamless travel facilitation
✅ BRICS members reaffirmed tourism as a driver of economic growth, employment, sustainable development and people-to-people exchanges
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 Regional Rural Banks’ Performance – FY26
✅ Gross loans of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) rose 10.3% from ₹5.24 lakh crore to ₹5.78 lakh crore
✅ Priority Sector Lending (PSL): 91.7%, against the 75% target
✅ Agriculture accounted for the largest share: ₹3.78 lakh crore (77% of PSL)
✅ Farm credit constituted 98% of agricultural lending
✅ MSME credit: ₹66,978 crore (13.6% of PSL)
✅ Around 95% of MSME lending went to micro enterprises
✅ Lending to weaker sections stood at ₹3.49 lakh crore
✅ RRBs continue to support rural credit, livelihoods, entrepreneurship and financial inclusion
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 2030 Food System Goal
✅ A Nature Food study by the Food Systems Countdown Initiative assessed 197 countries across 44 indicators
✅ Most countries are not on track to meet 2030 food-system goals
✅ Food-system emissions remain 75% away from the target
✅ No country is currently on track across the assessed indicators
✅ Key concerns: food insecurity, weak governance, ultra-processed food consumption, pesticide use and water withdrawals
✅ Europe and Asia are relatively closer to targets, while Africa and the Americas lag
✅ Some indicators, including cropland change, rural employment and mobile subscriptions, show progress
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 Smart Cancer Drug – RK-251
✅ Developed by researchers from IASST and IIT Guwahati
✅ Designed to activate only inside cancer cells, potentially reducing damage to healthy cells
✅ Cancer cells often contain high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
✅ High ROS levels trigger RK-251 inside cancer cells
✅ Activation releases the anticancer compound NBDHEX
✅ NBDHEX targets proteins that help cancer cells survive and resist treatment
✅ Demonstrated strong activity against triple-negative breast cancer
✅ Zebrafish embryo studies showed no toxicity in the reported testing
✅ Fluorescence confirmed ROS-triggered activation
🔆 MISCELLANEOUS
📍 Ivonne Baki – UN Secretary-General Candidate
✅ Ecuadorian diplomat Ivonne Baki nominated as a candidate for UN Secretary-General
✅ Backed by Tonga
✅ She is the second candidate from Ecuador
✅ Served as minister and ambassador to France, Qatar and the USA
✅ Vision: renew the UN Charter’s promise through results, fresh ideas and new talent
📍 Oldest Directly Dated Traces of Microbial Life
✅ Evidence discovered in the Singhbhum Craton, spanning Jharkhand–Odisha
✅ Rock sample from Bhitardari
✅ Age: approximately 3.497 billion years
✅ Age determined using zircon crystals
✅ Carbon isotopes and degraded organic matter provided evidence of a microbial biosignature
✅ Significance: represents the oldest directly dated rock with confirmed traces of microbial life, indicating life existed very early in Earth’s history
#CurrentAffairs
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