📌 In India, women bear a heavier burden of poverty compared to men. In this context, examine the causes of poverty among women and the measures taken to address it. (Answer in 200 words)

🔷 Introduction
- Women in India bear a heavier burden of poverty than men, limiting their socio-economic progress.
- Addressing gender disparities is crucial for overall development.
- This discussion explores the causes of poverty among women and the measures taken to address it.

🔷 Causes of Poverty Among Women
1️⃣ Unpaid Care Work 🏡
- Women spend 5 hours daily on unpaid domestic work, while men spend only 30 minutes.
2️⃣ Low Female Labour Force Participation 📉
- FLFPR declined from 30.3% (1990) to 20.5% (2019) due to social stigma & unsafe conditions.
3️⃣ Gender Gaps in Nutrition, Education & Health 🏥📚
- Poor households prioritize men’s well-being over women’s.
4️⃣ Low Wages & Pay Gap 💰
- Women earn 34% less than men for the same work.
5️⃣ Lack of Decent Work Conditions ⚠️
- Women are trapped in informal jobs with low security & benefits.

🔷 Measures Taken to Address Women’s Poverty
✅ Legislative Measures ⚖️
- Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 & Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013.
✅ Government Schemes 🏛
- Beti Bachao Beti Padhao & One Stop Centre Scheme for empowerment.
✅ National Mission for Empowerment of Women (NMEW) 🚺
- Focuses on women’s development across sectors.
✅ Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) 🏦
- Provides micro-finance for poor women.
✅ STEP (Support to Training and Employment Program for Women) 🎓
- Ensures sustainable jobs for marginalized women.
✅ Working Women Hostels 🏠
- Offers safe accommodation for employed women.

🔷 Conclusion
- Women face systemic economic challenges, but policy interventions are working to bridge disparities.
- Strengthening gender-focused initiatives is essential for reducing poverty & ensuring sustainable empowerment.

#WomenEmpowerment #PovertyAlleviation #GenderEquality #UPSC

📌 In India, women bear a heavier burden of poverty compared to men. In this context, examine the causes of poverty among women and the measures taken to address it. (Answer in 200 words)

🔷 Introduction
- Women in India bear a heavier burden of poverty than men, limiting their socio-economic progress.
- Addressing gender disparities is crucial for overall development.
- This discussion explores the causes of poverty among women and the measures taken to address it.

🔷 Causes of Poverty Among Women
1️⃣ Unpaid Care Work 🏡
- Women spend 5 hours daily on unpaid domestic work, while men spend only 30 minutes.
2️⃣ Low Female Labour Force Participation 📉
- FLFPR declined from 30.3% (1990) to 20.5% (2019) due to social stigma & unsafe conditions.
3️⃣ Gender Gaps in Nutrition, Education & Health 🏥📚
- Poor households prioritize men’s well-being over women’s.
4️⃣ Low Wages & Pay Gap 💰
- Women earn 34% less than men for the same work.
5️⃣ Lack of Decent Work Conditions ⚠️
- Women are trapped in informal jobs with low security & benefits.

🔷 Measures Taken to Address Women’s Poverty
✅ Legislative Measures ⚖️
- Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 & Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013.
✅ Government Schemes 🏛
- Beti Bachao Beti Padhao & One Stop Centre Scheme for empowerment.
✅ National Mission for Empowerment of Women (NMEW) 🚺
- Focuses on women’s development across sectors.
✅ Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) 🏦
- Provides micro-finance for poor women.
✅ STEP (Support to Training and Employment Program for Women) 🎓
- Ensures sustainable jobs for marginalized women.
✅ Working Women Hostels 🏠
- Offers safe accommodation for employed women.

🔷 Conclusion
- Women face systemic economic challenges, but policy interventions are working to bridge disparities.
- Strengthening gender-focused initiatives is essential for reducing poverty & ensuring sustainable empowerment.

#WomenEmpowerment #PovertyAlleviation #GenderEquality #UPSC