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Que.19 “Parliament’s power to amend the Constitution is a limited power and it cannot be enlarged into absolute power.” In the light of this statement explain whether Parliament under Article 368 of the Constitution can destroy the Basic Structure of the Constitution by expanding its amending power? (15m 250 words) 2019

“संविधान का संशोधन करने की संसद की शक्ति एक परिसीमित शक्ति है और इसे आत्यंतिक शक्ति के रूप में विस्तृत नहीं किया जा सकता है |” इस कथन के आलोक में व्याख्या कीजिए की क्या संसद संविधान के अनुछेद 368 के अंतर्गत अपनी संशोधन की शक्ति का विशदीकरण करके संविधान के मूल ढांचे को नष्ट कर सकती है ? (15m 250 words) 2019

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Que.20 What can France learn from the Indian Constitution’s approach to secularism?(10m 150 words) 2019


धर्मनिरपेक्षता को भारत के संविधान के उपागम से फ्रांस क्या सिख सकता है ? (10m 150 words) 2019

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🔆 The Constitution & The People: A Reciprocal Empowerment

📍 Question
“The Constitution empowers the people as much as the people empower the Constitution”. Elaborate. (150 words | 10 Marks)

📍 Approach
✅ Brief intro to Constitution
✅ How Constitution empowers people
✅ How people empower Constitution
✅ Conclude with reciprocity

📍 Answer

The Indian Constitution, enforced on January 26, 1950, derives its authority from the people, and in return empowers them through rights and governance frameworks.

🔹 How Constitution Empowers People
✅ Democratic Framework – Citizens elect representatives.
✅ Fundamental Rights – Protect liberty & dignity (e.g., Right to Privacy, 2017).
✅ Directive Principles – Guide policies for welfare (e.g., RTE Act 2009, Code on Wages 2020).
✅ Judicial Independence – Safeguards rights, checks state power.
✅ Decentralisation – 73rd & 74th Amendments empower local bodies.

🔹 How People Empower the Constitution
✅ Sovereignty & Legitimacy – “We, the People of India…” → authority from people’s will.
✅ Amendments – Reflect changing needs (e.g., 106th Amendment: 33% reservation for women in legislatures).
✅ Defending Principles – Through PILs, protests, movements (e.g., RTI, Anti-corruption).

📍 Conclusion
The Constitution and people share a reciprocal bond. While the Constitution empowers citizens with rights, freedoms, and institutions, the people legitimize and evolve it, ensuring it remains a living, evolving document reflecting India’s democratic aspirations.

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