👁The linguistic genius of babies
🗣Subtitle: Farsi | English | Turkish

👣Patricia Kuhl shares astonishing findings about how babies learn one language over another -- by listening to the humans around them and \"taking statistics\" on the sounds they need to know. Clever lab experiments (and brain scans) show how 6-month-old babies use sophisticated reasoning to understand their world.
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👁What makes a language... a language?
🧠Martin Hilpert
🗣Subtitle: 🇹🇷Turkish | 🇬🇧English

👣Outside of China, Mandarin and Cantonese are often referred to as Chinese dialects, despite being even more dissimilar than Spanish and Italian. On the other hand, speakers of Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish, which are three distinct languages, can usually communicate with each other in their native tongues. So, when is speech considered a dialect versus a language? Martin Hilpert investigates. [Directed by Luísa M H Copetti, Hype CG, narrated by Addison Anderson, music by Gabriel Maia].
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👁Who decides what's in the dictionary?
🧠Ilan Stavans
🗣Subtitle: 🇹🇷Turkish | 🇬🇧English

👣While the concept of a dictionary dates back to ancient civilizations, the first English dictionary wasn't published until 1604. In the centuries that followed, many more dictionaries were written by individual authors who chose what to include or exclude, with most quickly becoming outdated. One 19th century lexicon had a different fate. Ilan Stavans digs into the history of Webster's Dictionary. [Directed by Lisa LaBracio, narrated by Addison Anderson, music by Salil Bhayani].
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👁Why do we, like, hesitate when we, um, speak?
🧠Lorenzo García-Amaya
🗣Subtitle: 🇹🇷Turkish | 🇬🇧English

👣For as long as we've had language, some people have tried to control it. And some of the most frequent targets of this communication regulation are the ums, ers, and likes that pepper our conversations. These linguistic fillers occur roughly 2 to 3 times per minute in natural speech. So are ums and uhs just a habit we can't break? Or is there more to them? Lorenzo García-Amaya investigates. [Directed by Yael Reisfeld, narrated by Addison Anderson, music by Yael Reisfeld].
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👁"Jabberwocky": One of literature's best bits of nonsense
🧠Lewis Carroll
🗣Subtitle: 🇹🇷Turkish | 🇬🇧English

👣As Alice wanders through the dreamscape of Looking-Glass Land in Lewis Carroll's "Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There," she happens across a book written in an unintelligible language. Inside, she discovers an epic poem filled with nonsense, fearsome creatures, and whimsical language. Dive into Carroll's legendary poem, "Jabberwocky" and see if you can make sense of the nonsense. [Directed by Sjaak Rood, narrated by Jack Cutmore-Scott, music by Mark Nieuwenhuis].
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👁How to win an argument (at the US Supreme Court, or anywhere)
🧠Neal Katyal
🗣Subtitle: 🇹🇷Turkish | 🇬🇧English

👣The secret to winning an argument isn't grand rhetoric or elegant style, says US Supreme Court litigator Neal Katyal -- it takes more than that. With stories of some of the most impactful cases he's argued before the Court, Katyal shows why the key to crafting a persuasive and successful argument lies in human connection, empathy and faith in the power of your ideas. "The question is not how to win every argument," he says. "It's how to get back up when you do lose."
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👁How language shapes the way we think
🧠Lera Boroditsky
🗣Subtitle: 🇹🇷Turkish | 🇬🇧English

👣There are about 7,000 languages spoken around the world -- and they all have different sounds, vocabularies and structures. But do they shape the way we think? Cognitive scientist Lera Boroditsky shares examples of language -- from an Aboriginal community in Australia that uses cardinal directions instead of left and right to the multiple words for blue in Russian -- that suggest the answer is a resounding yes. "The beauty of linguistic diversity is that it reveals to us just how ingenious and how flexible the human mind is," Boroditsky says. "Human minds have invented not one cognitive universe, but 7,000."
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👁Which box do I check?
🧠Mona Chalabi
🗣Subtitle: 🇹🇷Turkish | 🇬🇧English

👣How we identify makes a difference in our lived experiences, but it's not always reflected in the checkboxes we see on forms. In this episode, Mona Chalabi explores why language matters in data collection, and why the categories we use should reflect who we really are. Want to hear more from Mona? Check out her podcast Am I Normal? with Mona Chalabi, from the TED Audio Collective.
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👁The language of being human
🧠Şair Ali
🗣Subtitle: 🇹🇷Turkish | 🇬🇧English

👣You speak far more languages than you realize, says Poet Ali. In a profound talk, he reveals how the idea of "language" goes far beyond a lexicon of words, communicating universal experiences like love, laughter and loneliness -- and serving as a portal to cultures, feelings and thoughts that unite us all.
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👁10 ways to have a better conversation
🧠Celeste Headlee
🗣Subtitle: 🇬🇧English | 🇹🇷Turkish

👣When your job hinges on how well you talk to people, you learn a lot about how to have conversations -- and that most of us don't converse very well. Celeste Headlee has worked as a radio host for decades, and she knows the ingredients of a great conversation: Honesty, brevity, clarity and a healthy amount of listening. In this insightful talk, she shares 10 useful rules for having better conversations. "Go out, talk to people, listen to people," she says. "And, most importantly, be prepared to be amazed."
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