AFFLICT 🆚 INFLICT
✨Both afflict and inflict cause pain
🔹AFFLICT = to cause suffering or unhappiness, something a disease does
🔹INFLICT = to force pain or suffering, like if you smack someone upside the head.
#Confusing_words
@PMPerfect1
✨Both afflict and inflict cause pain
🔹AFFLICT = to cause suffering or unhappiness, something a disease does
🔹INFLICT = to force pain or suffering, like if you smack someone upside the head.
#Confusing_words
@PMPerfect1
✨When push comes to shove✨
= when the time has come for action
✨He’s only an average teacher but when push comes to shove, he can get the job done.
#phrases
@PMPerfect1
= when the time has come for action
✨He’s only an average teacher but when push comes to shove, he can get the job done.
#phrases
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#Cloud /klaʊd/ #noun
1️⃣💢heavy/thick/dense etc clouds
🔹Dark clouds floated across the moon.
🔹Heavy clouds had gathered over the summit of Mont Blanc.
💢low/high cloud
🔹Visibility was bad due to low cloud.
2️⃣a mass of dust, smoke etc in the air, or a large number of insects flying together
💢cloud of dust/smoke/gas etc
🔹A cloud of steam rose into the air.
🔹clouds of mosquitoes buzzing around us
3️⃣something that makes you feel afraid, worried, unhappy etc
💢cloud of
🔹the cloud of economic recession
💢cloud on the horizon (=something that might spoil a happy situation)
🔹The only cloud on the horizon was her mother’s illness.
🔹Fears of renewed terrorist attacks cast a cloud over the event ➡️ (=spoilt the happy situation).
🔹He returned to New York under a cloud of gloom and despair.
4️⃣under a cloud (of suspicion) #informal ➡️ if someone is under a cloud, people have a bad opinion of them because they think they have done something wrong:
🔹He left the company under a cloud of suspicion.
5️⃣be on cloud nine #informal #idiom ➡️ to be very happy about something
6️⃣every cloud has a silver lining #idiom ➡️ used to say that there is something good even in a situation that seems very sad or difficult
7️⃣be/live in cloud-cuckoo-land #British_English ➡️ to think that a situation is much better than it really is, in a way that is slightly stupid
💢have your head in the clouds
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣💢heavy/thick/dense etc clouds
🔹Dark clouds floated across the moon.
🔹Heavy clouds had gathered over the summit of Mont Blanc.
💢low/high cloud
🔹Visibility was bad due to low cloud.
2️⃣a mass of dust, smoke etc in the air, or a large number of insects flying together
💢cloud of dust/smoke/gas etc
🔹A cloud of steam rose into the air.
🔹clouds of mosquitoes buzzing around us
3️⃣something that makes you feel afraid, worried, unhappy etc
💢cloud of
🔹the cloud of economic recession
💢cloud on the horizon (=something that might spoil a happy situation)
🔹The only cloud on the horizon was her mother’s illness.
🔹Fears of renewed terrorist attacks cast a cloud over the event ➡️ (=spoilt the happy situation).
🔹He returned to New York under a cloud of gloom and despair.
4️⃣under a cloud (of suspicion) #informal ➡️ if someone is under a cloud, people have a bad opinion of them because they think they have done something wrong:
🔹He left the company under a cloud of suspicion.
5️⃣be on cloud nine #informal #idiom ➡️ to be very happy about something
6️⃣every cloud has a silver lining #idiom ➡️ used to say that there is something good even in a situation that seems very sad or difficult
7️⃣be/live in cloud-cuckoo-land #British_English ➡️ to think that a situation is much better than it really is, in a way that is slightly stupid
💢have your head in the clouds
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Cloud /klaʊd/ #noun 1️⃣💢heavy/thick/dense etc clouds 🔹Dark clouds floated across the moon. 🔹Heavy clouds had gathered over the summit of Mont Blanc. 💢low/high cloud 🔹Visibility was bad due to low cloud. 2️⃣a mass of dust, smoke etc in the air, or…
#️⃣#Cloud /klaʊd/ #verb
1️⃣to make someone less able to think clearly or make sensible decisions
💢cloud sb’s judgement/mind/vision etc
🔹Don’t let your personal feelings cloud your judgement.
🔹Fear had clouded his vision.
2️⃣(also cloud over) ➡️ if someone’s face or eyes cloud, or if something clouds them, they start to look angry, sad, or worried:
🔹Ann’s eyes clouded with the pain.
🔹Then suspicion clouded his face.
3️⃣to make something less pleasant or more difficult than it should have been:
🔹Her happiness was clouded by having to leave her son behind.
4️⃣cloud the issue/picture etc ➡️ to make a subject or problem more difficult to understand or deal with, especially by introducing unnecessary ideas:
🔹Uninformed judgements only cloud the issue.
5️⃣(also cloud up) ➡️ if glass or a liquid clouds, or if something clouds it, it becomes less clear and more difficult to see through:
🔹windows clouded up with steam
🔹The water clouded and I could no longer see the river bed.
6️⃣to cover something with clouds:
🔹Thick mist clouded the mountain tops.
💢cloud over #phrasal_verb
1️⃣(also cloud up #American_English) ➡️ if the sky clouds over, it becomes dark and full of black clouds
2️⃣if someone’s face or eyes cloud over, they start to look angry or sad:
🔹His face clouded over in disappointment.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣to make someone less able to think clearly or make sensible decisions
💢cloud sb’s judgement/mind/vision etc
🔹Don’t let your personal feelings cloud your judgement.
🔹Fear had clouded his vision.
2️⃣(also cloud over) ➡️ if someone’s face or eyes cloud, or if something clouds them, they start to look angry, sad, or worried:
🔹Ann’s eyes clouded with the pain.
🔹Then suspicion clouded his face.
3️⃣to make something less pleasant or more difficult than it should have been:
🔹Her happiness was clouded by having to leave her son behind.
4️⃣cloud the issue/picture etc ➡️ to make a subject or problem more difficult to understand or deal with, especially by introducing unnecessary ideas:
🔹Uninformed judgements only cloud the issue.
5️⃣(also cloud up) ➡️ if glass or a liquid clouds, or if something clouds it, it becomes less clear and more difficult to see through:
🔹windows clouded up with steam
🔹The water clouded and I could no longer see the river bed.
6️⃣to cover something with clouds:
🔹Thick mist clouded the mountain tops.
💢cloud over #phrasal_verb
1️⃣(also cloud up #American_English) ➡️ if the sky clouds over, it becomes dark and full of black clouds
2️⃣if someone’s face or eyes cloud over, they start to look angry or sad:
🔹His face clouded over in disappointment.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Cloud /klaʊd/ #verb 1️⃣to make someone less able to think clearly or make sensible decisions 💢cloud sb’s judgement/mind/vision etc 🔹Don’t let your personal feelings cloud your judgement. 🔹Fear had clouded his vision. 2️⃣(also cloud over) ➡️ if someone’s…
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️cloud #noun ➡️ a white or grey mass in the sky that forms from very small drops of water:
✨The storm was still a way off but black clouds were gathering.
✨Thick cloud obscured the top of the hill.
⚪️fog #noun ➡️ very thick cloud near the ground which is difficult to see through:
✨The cars crashed into each other in thick fog.
✨The fog had lifted ➡️ (=disappeared) slightly.
⚪️mist #noun ➡️ light cloud near the ground that makes it difficult for you to see very far. Mist is usually not as thick as fog. You often get mist near areas of water or mountains:
✨The morning mist was lifting and the sun was coming up.
✨A grey mist hung over the water.
✨The hills were shrouded in mist ➡️ (=surrounded by mist).
⚪️haze #noun ➡️ smoke, dust, or mist in the air which is difficult to see through:
✨He saw the horses coming towards him through a haze of dust.
✨The road shimmered in the heat haze.
✨A pale blue haze hung over the far-off mountains.
⚪️smog #noun ➡️ dirty air that looks like a mixture of smoke and fog, caused by smoke from cars and factories in cities:
✨The city is covered in smog for much of the year.
✨A smog warning was issued for parts of Southern Oregon.
⚪️thundercloud #noun ➡️ a large dark cloud that you see before or during a storm:
✨He watched the thunderclouds roll across the valley.
⚪️vapour trail #British_English, vapor trail #American_English #noun ➡️ the white line that is left in the sky by a plane:
✨High overhead, a jet left its vapour trail across the blue sky.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
⚪️cloud #noun ➡️ a white or grey mass in the sky that forms from very small drops of water:
✨The storm was still a way off but black clouds were gathering.
✨Thick cloud obscured the top of the hill.
⚪️fog #noun ➡️ very thick cloud near the ground which is difficult to see through:
✨The cars crashed into each other in thick fog.
✨The fog had lifted ➡️ (=disappeared) slightly.
⚪️mist #noun ➡️ light cloud near the ground that makes it difficult for you to see very far. Mist is usually not as thick as fog. You often get mist near areas of water or mountains:
✨The morning mist was lifting and the sun was coming up.
✨A grey mist hung over the water.
✨The hills were shrouded in mist ➡️ (=surrounded by mist).
⚪️haze #noun ➡️ smoke, dust, or mist in the air which is difficult to see through:
✨He saw the horses coming towards him through a haze of dust.
✨The road shimmered in the heat haze.
✨A pale blue haze hung over the far-off mountains.
⚪️smog #noun ➡️ dirty air that looks like a mixture of smoke and fog, caused by smoke from cars and factories in cities:
✨The city is covered in smog for much of the year.
✨A smog warning was issued for parts of Southern Oregon.
⚪️thundercloud #noun ➡️ a large dark cloud that you see before or during a storm:
✨He watched the thunderclouds roll across the valley.
⚪️vapour trail #British_English, vapor trail #American_English #noun ➡️ the white line that is left in the sky by a plane:
✨High overhead, a jet left its vapour trail across the blue sky.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
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#️⃣#Comprehend /ˌkɒmprɪˈhend $ ˌkɑːm-/ #verb
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️understand ➡️ to know the meaning of something, or the reasons for something:
✨I understand what you’re saying.
✨Doctors are beginning to understand what causes the disease.
⚪️see especially #spoken ➡️ to understand something, especially the truth about a situation or the reasons for something:
✨I can see why you don’t like him.
✨Do you see what I mean?
✨Oh, I see!
⚪️get #informal ➡️ to understand a joke, what someone says, the reasons why something is true etc:
✨She didn’t seem to get the joke.
✨Do you get me?
✨He explained the math homework twice, but I still don’t get it.
✨I still don’t get why she left.
⚪️comprehend #formal ➡️ to understand something, or understand why something is important:
✨The dream was easy to describe, but difficult to comprehend.
✨They had failed to comprehend the significance of the problem.
⚪️know what somebody means #spoken ➡️ to understand what someone is telling you, or what a situation is like, especially because you have some experience or knowledge about this:
✨‘It can be really hard to give up smoking.’ ‘I know exactly what you mean.’
✨We now know what the scientists meant when they warned about global warming.
⚪️follow ➡️ to understand something such as an explanation or story as you hear it, read it etc:
✨The plot is hard to follow.
✨His instructions were easy to follow.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️understand ➡️ to know the meaning of something, or the reasons for something:
✨I understand what you’re saying.
✨Doctors are beginning to understand what causes the disease.
⚪️see especially #spoken ➡️ to understand something, especially the truth about a situation or the reasons for something:
✨I can see why you don’t like him.
✨Do you see what I mean?
✨Oh, I see!
⚪️get #informal ➡️ to understand a joke, what someone says, the reasons why something is true etc:
✨She didn’t seem to get the joke.
✨Do you get me?
✨He explained the math homework twice, but I still don’t get it.
✨I still don’t get why she left.
⚪️comprehend #formal ➡️ to understand something, or understand why something is important:
✨The dream was easy to describe, but difficult to comprehend.
✨They had failed to comprehend the significance of the problem.
⚪️know what somebody means #spoken ➡️ to understand what someone is telling you, or what a situation is like, especially because you have some experience or knowledge about this:
✨‘It can be really hard to give up smoking.’ ‘I know exactly what you mean.’
✨We now know what the scientists meant when they warned about global warming.
⚪️follow ➡️ to understand something such as an explanation or story as you hear it, read it etc:
✨The plot is hard to follow.
✨His instructions were easy to follow.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#Describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ #verb
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️describe ➡️ to talk or write about a person, place, event etc, in order to show what they are like:
✨Could you try and describe the man you saw?
✨In her book, she describes her journey across the Sahara.
✨Police described the attack as particularly violent.
⚪️tell somebody about somebody / something ➡️ to describe someone or something to someone. This phrase is more commonly used than describe in everyday spoken English:
✨So, tell me about your holiday!
✨My friends have told me all about you!
⚪️depict #formal ➡️ to describe someone or something in a piece of writing:
✨His stories depict life in Trinidad as seen through the eyes of a young boy.
✨In this new biography she is depicted as a lonely and unhappy woman.
⚪️portray / represent #formal ➡️ to describe someone or something in a particular way:
✨College teachers are often represented on television shows as slightly eccentric.
✨The magazine has been criticized for the way it portrays women.
✨The treatment has been portrayed as a painless way of curing cancer, which is simply not true.
✨Police have represented her as a willing participant in the crimes.
⚪️characterize somebody / something as something #formal ➡️ to describe someone or something by emphasizing one particular quality or feature about them:
✨He characterized himself as ‘an average American’.
✨The successful schools were characterized as innovative and creative.
⚪️paint somebody / something as something ➡️ to describe someone or something, especially in a way that makes people believe something that is not true:
✨Not all young people are as bad as they’re painted in the press.
✨We won, yet the media is painting it as a victory for our opponents.
✨The woman was painted as having only a slight grasp of reality.
⚪️paint a picture ➡️ to describe a situation, so that people can get a general idea of what it is like:
✨Can you paint a picture of life in Japan for us?
✨My uncle’s letters generally painted a rosy picture of how things were.
✨The report painted a bleak picture of the management’s failures.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️describe ➡️ to talk or write about a person, place, event etc, in order to show what they are like:
✨Could you try and describe the man you saw?
✨In her book, she describes her journey across the Sahara.
✨Police described the attack as particularly violent.
⚪️tell somebody about somebody / something ➡️ to describe someone or something to someone. This phrase is more commonly used than describe in everyday spoken English:
✨So, tell me about your holiday!
✨My friends have told me all about you!
⚪️depict #formal ➡️ to describe someone or something in a piece of writing:
✨His stories depict life in Trinidad as seen through the eyes of a young boy.
✨In this new biography she is depicted as a lonely and unhappy woman.
⚪️portray / represent #formal ➡️ to describe someone or something in a particular way:
✨College teachers are often represented on television shows as slightly eccentric.
✨The magazine has been criticized for the way it portrays women.
✨The treatment has been portrayed as a painless way of curing cancer, which is simply not true.
✨Police have represented her as a willing participant in the crimes.
⚪️characterize somebody / something as something #formal ➡️ to describe someone or something by emphasizing one particular quality or feature about them:
✨He characterized himself as ‘an average American’.
✨The successful schools were characterized as innovative and creative.
⚪️paint somebody / something as something ➡️ to describe someone or something, especially in a way that makes people believe something that is not true:
✨Not all young people are as bad as they’re painted in the press.
✨We won, yet the media is painting it as a victory for our opponents.
✨The woman was painted as having only a slight grasp of reality.
⚪️paint a picture ➡️ to describe a situation, so that people can get a general idea of what it is like:
✨Can you paint a picture of life in Japan for us?
✨My uncle’s letters generally painted a rosy picture of how things were.
✨The report painted a bleak picture of the management’s failures.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#ever /ˈevə $ ˈevər/ #adverb
1️⃣a word meaning at any time; used mostly in questions, negatives, comparisons, or sentences with ‘if’:
🔹Have you ever been to Paris
🔹Nothing ever seems to upset him.
🔹I don’t think I’ve ever been here before.
🔹If you’re ever in Seattle, come and see me.
2️⃣#formal ➡️ always:
🔹Ever optimistic, I decided to take the exam again.
3️⃣hardly ever ➡️ not very often:
🔹We hardly ever go out.
4️⃣never ever #spoken ➡️ never:
🔹You never ever offer to help!
5️⃣for ever ➡️ for all time:
🔹Nothing lasts for ever.
6️⃣as ever ➡️ as always happens:
🔹As ever, Joe was late.
7️⃣ever since ➡️ continuously since:
🔹My back has been bad ever since I fell and hurt it two years ago.
8️⃣ever after ➡️ for all time after something:
🔹I suppose they’ll get married and live happily ever after.
9️⃣hotter / colder / better etc than ever ➡️ even hotter etc than before:
🔹Last night’s show was better than ever.
1️⃣0️⃣as friendly / cheerful / miserable etc as ever ➡️ as friendly etc as someone or something usually is:
🔹George was as miserable as ever.
🔹The food was as bad as ever!
1️⃣1️⃣ever so cold / wet / nice etc #British_English #spoken ➡️ very cold, wet etc:
🔹The assistant was ever so helpful.
🔹Thanks ever so much.
1️⃣2️⃣ever such a #British_English ➡️ used to emphasize what someone or something is like:
🔹She’s ever such a nice girl.
1️⃣3️⃣ever-increasing / ever-present etc ➡️ increasing, present etc all the time:
🔹the ever-increasing problem of drugs in the inner cities
1️⃣4️⃣Yours ever / Ever yours #informal ➡️ used at the end of a letter above the signature
1️⃣5️⃣if ever there was one #informal ➡️ used to say that someone or something is a typical example of something:
🔹He’s a natural comedian if ever there was one.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
1️⃣a word meaning at any time; used mostly in questions, negatives, comparisons, or sentences with ‘if’:
🔹Have you ever been to Paris
🔹Nothing ever seems to upset him.
🔹I don’t think I’ve ever been here before.
🔹If you’re ever in Seattle, come and see me.
2️⃣#formal ➡️ always:
🔹Ever optimistic, I decided to take the exam again.
3️⃣hardly ever ➡️ not very often:
🔹We hardly ever go out.
4️⃣never ever #spoken ➡️ never:
🔹You never ever offer to help!
5️⃣for ever ➡️ for all time:
🔹Nothing lasts for ever.
6️⃣as ever ➡️ as always happens:
🔹As ever, Joe was late.
7️⃣ever since ➡️ continuously since:
🔹My back has been bad ever since I fell and hurt it two years ago.
8️⃣ever after ➡️ for all time after something:
🔹I suppose they’ll get married and live happily ever after.
9️⃣hotter / colder / better etc than ever ➡️ even hotter etc than before:
🔹Last night’s show was better than ever.
1️⃣0️⃣as friendly / cheerful / miserable etc as ever ➡️ as friendly etc as someone or something usually is:
🔹George was as miserable as ever.
🔹The food was as bad as ever!
1️⃣1️⃣ever so cold / wet / nice etc #British_English #spoken ➡️ very cold, wet etc:
🔹The assistant was ever so helpful.
🔹Thanks ever so much.
1️⃣2️⃣ever such a #British_English ➡️ used to emphasize what someone or something is like:
🔹She’s ever such a nice girl.
1️⃣3️⃣ever-increasing / ever-present etc ➡️ increasing, present etc all the time:
🔹the ever-increasing problem of drugs in the inner cities
1️⃣4️⃣Yours ever / Ever yours #informal ➡️ used at the end of a letter above the signature
1️⃣5️⃣if ever there was one #informal ➡️ used to say that someone or something is a typical example of something:
🔹He’s a natural comedian if ever there was one.
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
#️⃣#fail /feɪl/ #verb
💢fail in
🔹He failed in his attempt to regain the world title.
💢fail to do something
🔹Doctors failed to save the girl’s life.
🔹Millions of people have tried to quit smoking and failed miserably (=been completely unsuccessful).
🔹his efforts to save his failing marriage
🔹If all else fails, you may be advised to have an operation.
💢NOT DO SOMETHING [intransitive] to not do what is expected, needed, or wanted
💢fail to do something
🔹The letter failed to arrive.
🔹Firms that fail to take advantage of the new technology will go out of business.
🔹The government are failing in their duty to protect people.
💢EXAM/TEST
🅰️[intransitive and transitive] ➡️ to not pass a test or examination:
🔹I failed my driving test the first time I took it.
🔹He failed maths but passed all his other subjects.
🅱️[transitive] ➡️ to decide that someone has not passed a test or examination:
🔹Her work was so bad that I had no choice but to fail her.
💢I fail to see / understand #formal ➡️ used to show that you are annoyed by something that you do not accept or understand:
🔹I fail to see why you find it so amusing.
💢COMPANY / BUSINESS [intransitive] ➡️ if a company or business fails, it is unable to continue because of a lack of money
💢MACHINE / BODY PART [intransitive] ➡️ if a part of a machine or an organ in your body fails, it stops working:
🔹The engine failed on take-off.
🔹The hospital said that his kidneys were failing.
💢HEALTH [intransitive] ➡️ if your sight, memory, health etc is failing, it is gradually getting weaker or is not as good as it was:
🔹Failing eyesight forced him to retire early.
💢never fail to do something ➡️ to do something or happen so regularly that people expect it:
🔹My grandson never fails to phone me on my birthday.
💢your courage /will / nerve fails (you) ➡️ if your courage etc fails, or if it fails you, you suddenly do not have it when you need it:
🔹She had to leave immediately, before her courage failed her.
💢fail somebody ➡️ to not do what someone has trusted you to do SYN let somebody down:
🔹I feel I’ve failed my children by not spending more time with them.
💢CROPS [intransitive] ➡️ if crops fail, they do not grow or produce food, for example because of bad weather
💢RAINS [intransitive] ➡️ if the rains (=a lot of rain that falls at a particular time each year) fail, they do not come when expected or it does not rain enough
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
@PMPerfect1
💢fail in
🔹He failed in his attempt to regain the world title.
💢fail to do something
🔹Doctors failed to save the girl’s life.
🔹Millions of people have tried to quit smoking and failed miserably (=been completely unsuccessful).
🔹his efforts to save his failing marriage
🔹If all else fails, you may be advised to have an operation.
💢NOT DO SOMETHING [intransitive] to not do what is expected, needed, or wanted
💢fail to do something
🔹The letter failed to arrive.
🔹Firms that fail to take advantage of the new technology will go out of business.
🔹The government are failing in their duty to protect people.
💢EXAM/TEST
🅰️[intransitive and transitive] ➡️ to not pass a test or examination:
🔹I failed my driving test the first time I took it.
🔹He failed maths but passed all his other subjects.
🅱️[transitive] ➡️ to decide that someone has not passed a test or examination:
🔹Her work was so bad that I had no choice but to fail her.
💢I fail to see / understand #formal ➡️ used to show that you are annoyed by something that you do not accept or understand:
🔹I fail to see why you find it so amusing.
💢COMPANY / BUSINESS [intransitive] ➡️ if a company or business fails, it is unable to continue because of a lack of money
💢MACHINE / BODY PART [intransitive] ➡️ if a part of a machine or an organ in your body fails, it stops working:
🔹The engine failed on take-off.
🔹The hospital said that his kidneys were failing.
💢HEALTH [intransitive] ➡️ if your sight, memory, health etc is failing, it is gradually getting weaker or is not as good as it was:
🔹Failing eyesight forced him to retire early.
💢never fail to do something ➡️ to do something or happen so regularly that people expect it:
🔹My grandson never fails to phone me on my birthday.
💢your courage /will / nerve fails (you) ➡️ if your courage etc fails, or if it fails you, you suddenly do not have it when you need it:
🔹She had to leave immediately, before her courage failed her.
💢fail somebody ➡️ to not do what someone has trusted you to do SYN let somebody down:
🔹I feel I’ve failed my children by not spending more time with them.
💢CROPS [intransitive] ➡️ if crops fail, they do not grow or produce food, for example because of bad weather
💢RAINS [intransitive] ➡️ if the rains (=a lot of rain that falls at a particular time each year) fail, they do not come when expected or it does not rain enough
#Vocabulary
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*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#fail /feɪl/ #verb 💢fail in 🔹He failed in his attempt to regain the world title. 💢fail to do something 🔹Doctors failed to save the girl’s life. 🔹Millions of people have tried to quit smoking and failed miserably (=been completely unsuccessful). 🔹his…
#️⃣#fail /feɪl/ #noun
1️⃣without fail
🅰️if you do something without fail, you always do it:
🔹Tim visits his mother every day without fail.
🅱️used to tell someone very firmly that they must do something:
🔹I want that work finished by tomorrow, without fail!
2️⃣[countable] an unsuccessful result in a test or examination OPP pass:
🔹I got a fail in history.
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1️⃣without fail
🅰️if you do something without fail, you always do it:
🔹Tim visits his mother every day without fail.
🅱️used to tell someone very firmly that they must do something:
🔹I want that work finished by tomorrow, without fail!
2️⃣[countable] an unsuccessful result in a test or examination OPP pass:
🔹I got a fail in history.
#Vocabulary
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*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#fail /feɪl/ #noun 1️⃣without fail 🅰️if you do something without fail, you always do it: 🔹Tim visits his mother every day without fail. 🅱️used to tell someone very firmly that they must do something: 🔹I want that work finished by tomorrow, without…
#️⃣#fail /feɪl/
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️fail ➡️ to not succeed – used about people, plans, methods etc:
✨The plan failed.
✨They failed to persuade her to change her mind.
✨This method never fails.
⚪️go wrong ➡️ if something you do goes wrong, it fails after starting well:
✨The experiment went wrong when the chemicals combined to form a poisonous gas.
⚪️not work ➡️ if something does not work, it does not do what you want it to do:
✨The drugs don’t work.
✨I tried to fix it with glue, but that didn’t work.
⚪️be unsuccessful /ˌʌnsəkˈsesfəl◂/ ➡️ to not have the result you wanted:
✨His first attempt to get a teaching job was unsuccessful.
The search was unsuccessful.
⚪️be a failure ➡️ to be unsuccessful, with the result that you have wasted your efforts:
✨The government’s 5-year plan to modernize the economy was a complete failure.
⚪️backfire ➡️ if a plan or action backfires, it does the opposite of what it was intended to do:
✨His plan to get attention backfired, and instead of being promoted he lost his job.
⚪️in vain ➡️ if you try to do something in vain, you fail to do it:
✨They tried in vain to save him.
✨All her efforts had been in vain.
#Vocabulary
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📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️fail ➡️ to not succeed – used about people, plans, methods etc:
✨The plan failed.
✨They failed to persuade her to change her mind.
✨This method never fails.
⚪️go wrong ➡️ if something you do goes wrong, it fails after starting well:
✨The experiment went wrong when the chemicals combined to form a poisonous gas.
⚪️not work ➡️ if something does not work, it does not do what you want it to do:
✨The drugs don’t work.
✨I tried to fix it with glue, but that didn’t work.
⚪️be unsuccessful /ˌʌnsəkˈsesfəl◂/ ➡️ to not have the result you wanted:
✨His first attempt to get a teaching job was unsuccessful.
The search was unsuccessful.
⚪️be a failure ➡️ to be unsuccessful, with the result that you have wasted your efforts:
✨The government’s 5-year plan to modernize the economy was a complete failure.
⚪️backfire ➡️ if a plan or action backfires, it does the opposite of what it was intended to do:
✨His plan to get attention backfired, and instead of being promoted he lost his job.
⚪️in vain ➡️ if you try to do something in vain, you fail to do it:
✨They tried in vain to save him.
✨All her efforts had been in vain.
#Vocabulary
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#️⃣#Friendly /ˈfrendli/ #adjective
💢friendly to/towards
🔹Why is he suddenly so friendly towards you, Charlotte?
💢be friendly with somebody ➡️ to be friends with someone:
🔹Betty’s very friendly with the Jacksons.
💢not at war with your own country, or not opposing you OPP hostile:
🔹friendly nations
💢#British_English ➡️ a friendly game is played for pleasure or practice, and not because it is important to win:
🔹a friendly match against AC Milan
💢user-friendly/customer-friendly etc ➡️ not difficult for particular people to understand or use:
🔹a user-friendly computer program
🔹a customer-friendly shopping mall
💢environmentally-friendly/ozone-friendly/eco-friendly etc not harmful to the environment, ozone layer etc:
🔹eco-friendly washing powder
💢friendly fire ➡️ bombs, bullets etc that accidentally kill people who are fighting on the same side
#️⃣#friendly /ˈfrendli/ #noun (plural friendlies) [countable] #British_English
= a game played for pleasure or practice, and not because it is important to win
#Vocabulary
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💢friendly to/towards
🔹Why is he suddenly so friendly towards you, Charlotte?
💢be friendly with somebody ➡️ to be friends with someone:
🔹Betty’s very friendly with the Jacksons.
💢not at war with your own country, or not opposing you OPP hostile:
🔹friendly nations
💢#British_English ➡️ a friendly game is played for pleasure or practice, and not because it is important to win:
🔹a friendly match against AC Milan
💢user-friendly/customer-friendly etc ➡️ not difficult for particular people to understand or use:
🔹a user-friendly computer program
🔹a customer-friendly shopping mall
💢environmentally-friendly/ozone-friendly/eco-friendly etc not harmful to the environment, ozone layer etc:
🔹eco-friendly washing powder
💢friendly fire ➡️ bombs, bullets etc that accidentally kill people who are fighting on the same side
#️⃣#friendly /ˈfrendli/ #noun (plural friendlies) [countable] #British_English
= a game played for pleasure or practice, and not because it is important to win
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
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*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Friendly /ˈfrendli/ #adjective 💢friendly to/towards 🔹Why is he suddenly so friendly towards you, Charlotte? 💢be friendly with somebody ➡️ to be friends with someone: 🔹Betty’s very friendly with the Jacksons. 💢not at war with your own country, or…
#️⃣#friendly /ˈfrendli/
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️friendly ➡️ behaving towards someone in a way that shows you like them and are ready to talk to them or help them:
✨a friendly smile
✨The local people are very friendly.
⚪️warm [usually before noun] ➡️ friendly and caring about other people, in a way that makes people like you and feel comfortable:
✨He was such a warm caring person and everyone loved him.
✨We received a very warm welcome.
⚪️nice especially #spoken ➡️ friendly and kind:
✨Chris is a nice guy. I’m sure you’ll get on with him.
✨He wasn’t very nice to the other children.
⚪️amiable /ˈeɪmiəbəl/ #formal ➡️ friendly and easy to like:
✨Tom was an amiable young man.
⚪️welcoming ➡️ friendly to someone who has just arrived somewhere:
✨a welcoming smile
✨The group are very welcoming to new members.
⚪️hospitable ➡️ friendly and eager to make visitors comfortable:
✨I found Japanese people to be very hospitable.
⚪️genial #formal ➡️ behaving in a cheerful and friendly way:
✨a genial host
✨She was in a genial mood.
⚪️cordial #formal ➡️ friendly and polite but formal:
✨The two nations have always maintained cordial relations.
⚪️approachable ➡️ friendly and easy to talk to – used especially about people in important positions:
✨The head teacher is very approachable.
#Vocabulary
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📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️friendly ➡️ behaving towards someone in a way that shows you like them and are ready to talk to them or help them:
✨a friendly smile
✨The local people are very friendly.
⚪️warm [usually before noun] ➡️ friendly and caring about other people, in a way that makes people like you and feel comfortable:
✨He was such a warm caring person and everyone loved him.
✨We received a very warm welcome.
⚪️nice especially #spoken ➡️ friendly and kind:
✨Chris is a nice guy. I’m sure you’ll get on with him.
✨He wasn’t very nice to the other children.
⚪️amiable /ˈeɪmiəbəl/ #formal ➡️ friendly and easy to like:
✨Tom was an amiable young man.
⚪️welcoming ➡️ friendly to someone who has just arrived somewhere:
✨a welcoming smile
✨The group are very welcoming to new members.
⚪️hospitable ➡️ friendly and eager to make visitors comfortable:
✨I found Japanese people to be very hospitable.
⚪️genial #formal ➡️ behaving in a cheerful and friendly way:
✨a genial host
✨She was in a genial mood.
⚪️cordial #formal ➡️ friendly and polite but formal:
✨The two nations have always maintained cordial relations.
⚪️approachable ➡️ friendly and easy to talk to – used especially about people in important positions:
✨The head teacher is very approachable.
#Vocabulary
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#️⃣#Grade /ɡreɪd/ #noun
💢high/low grade
🔹low grade products
💢RANK ➡️ a particular level of job:
🔹There are lots of jobs in junior grades.
💢MARK IN SCHOOL ➡️ a mark that a student is given for their work or for an examination:
🔹He got a grade A in maths.
🔹Tim worked hard and got good grades.
💢make the grade ➡️ to succeed or reach the necessary standard:
🔹What does it take to make the grade as a top golfer?
💢SCHOOL YEAR ➡️ one of the 12 years that students are at school in the American school system, or the students in a particular year
💢second/eleventh etc grade
🔹My brother is in sixth grade.
🔹a fifth-grade teacher
💢SLOPE #American_English ➡️ a slope or a degree of slope, especially in a road or railway SYN gradient #British_English
#Vocabulary
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💢high/low grade
🔹low grade products
💢RANK ➡️ a particular level of job:
🔹There are lots of jobs in junior grades.
💢MARK IN SCHOOL ➡️ a mark that a student is given for their work or for an examination:
🔹He got a grade A in maths.
🔹Tim worked hard and got good grades.
💢make the grade ➡️ to succeed or reach the necessary standard:
🔹What does it take to make the grade as a top golfer?
💢SCHOOL YEAR ➡️ one of the 12 years that students are at school in the American school system, or the students in a particular year
💢second/eleventh etc grade
🔹My brother is in sixth grade.
🔹a fifth-grade teacher
💢SLOPE #American_English ➡️ a slope or a degree of slope, especially in a road or railway SYN gradient #British_English
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
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*✨*Ƥracтιce Maĸeѕ Ƥerғecт*✨*
#️⃣#Grade /ɡreɪd/ #noun 💢high/low grade 🔹low grade products 💢RANK ➡️ a particular level of job: 🔹There are lots of jobs in junior grades. 💢MARK IN SCHOOL ➡️ a mark that a student is given for their work or for an examination: 🔹He got a grade A in…
#️⃣#grade /ɡreɪd/ #verb [transitive]
1️⃣to say what level of a quality something has, or what standard it is
💢grade something according to something
🔹Pencils are graded according to softness.
🔹All the parks are regularly checked and graded by tourist board inspectors.
2️⃣especially #American_English ➡️ to give a mark to an examination paper or to a piece of school work SYN mark:
🔹Ted is grading papers in his office.
3️⃣to give a particular rank and level of pay to a job
#Vocabulary
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1️⃣to say what level of a quality something has, or what standard it is
💢grade something according to something
🔹Pencils are graded according to softness.
🔹All the parks are regularly checked and graded by tourist board inspectors.
2️⃣especially #American_English ➡️ to give a mark to an examination paper or to a piece of school work SYN mark:
🔹Ted is grading papers in his office.
3️⃣to give a particular rank and level of pay to a job
#Vocabulary
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#️⃣#Instead /ɪnˈsted/ #adverb
📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️instead ➡️ used when saying that a particular thing is used or happens and not another thing, or that someone does something and not another person:
✨There were no single rooms, so I booked a double instead.
✨Chris couldn't go to the meeting, so I said that I would go instead.
✨Can I have soup instead of salad?
✨I really wished it had been me instead of him.
⚪️rather than ➡️ instead of something or someone - often used when someone does something instead of doing another thing, because it seems better or more suitable:
✨Rather than driving around all day looking for somewhere to park, why don’t you take a bus into town?
✨A lot of people are choosing to rent rather than buy their own homes.
✨I’d say it was warm rather than hot.
✨It might be better if you asked him rather than me.
⚪️in somebody / sth’s place ➡️ having the position or role that something or someone else once had:
✨The factory was demolished and flats were built in its place.
✨If I refused to go, they would send someone else in my place.
⚪️on behalf of somebody/on sb’s behalf ➡️ instead of someone or as their representative:
✨She asked the doctor to speak to her parents on her behalf.
✨He collected the award on behalf of his sister.
⚪️in favour of #British_English, in favor of #American_English ➡️ used when something is not chosen or used, because something else seems much better:
✨The original plan was abandoned in favour of a new proposal.
✨She was rejected for the job in favor of a more experienced teacher.
⚪️in preference to #formal ➡️ used when something is chosen or used because it seems much better than something else:
✨What makes customers choose one brand in preference to another?
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
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📚#Thesaurus:
⚪️instead ➡️ used when saying that a particular thing is used or happens and not another thing, or that someone does something and not another person:
✨There were no single rooms, so I booked a double instead.
✨Chris couldn't go to the meeting, so I said that I would go instead.
✨Can I have soup instead of salad?
✨I really wished it had been me instead of him.
⚪️rather than ➡️ instead of something or someone - often used when someone does something instead of doing another thing, because it seems better or more suitable:
✨Rather than driving around all day looking for somewhere to park, why don’t you take a bus into town?
✨A lot of people are choosing to rent rather than buy their own homes.
✨I’d say it was warm rather than hot.
✨It might be better if you asked him rather than me.
⚪️in somebody / sth’s place ➡️ having the position or role that something or someone else once had:
✨The factory was demolished and flats were built in its place.
✨If I refused to go, they would send someone else in my place.
⚪️on behalf of somebody/on sb’s behalf ➡️ instead of someone or as their representative:
✨She asked the doctor to speak to her parents on her behalf.
✨He collected the award on behalf of his sister.
⚪️in favour of #British_English, in favor of #American_English ➡️ used when something is not chosen or used, because something else seems much better:
✨The original plan was abandoned in favour of a new proposal.
✨She was rejected for the job in favor of a more experienced teacher.
⚪️in preference to #formal ➡️ used when something is chosen or used because it seems much better than something else:
✨What makes customers choose one brand in preference to another?
#Vocabulary
#Essential_English_words
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ALLUSION 🆚 ILLUSION 🆚 DELUSION
Novelists, magicians, and other tricksters keep these words busy!
✨Novelists love an ALLUSION ➡️ an indirect reference to something like a secret treasure for the reader to find.📖
✨Magicians heart ILLUSIONS ➡️ fanciful fake-outs.🎩🔮
✨Tricksters suffer from DELUSIONS ➡️ ideas that have no basis in reality.😶
#Confusing_words
@PMPerfect1
Novelists, magicians, and other tricksters keep these words busy!
✨Novelists love an ALLUSION ➡️ an indirect reference to something like a secret treasure for the reader to find.📖
✨Magicians heart ILLUSIONS ➡️ fanciful fake-outs.🎩🔮
✨Tricksters suffer from DELUSIONS ➡️ ideas that have no basis in reality.😶
#Confusing_words
@PMPerfect1
✨Prepositions with LAUGH✨
📕Laugh AT a person, a joke, a story, etc ➡️ when the person or thing in question directly provokes the laughter.
📗Laugh ABOUT a person or a thing ➡️ when it is not the person or the thing themselves that provoke the laughter, but something in connexion with them.
🔹We were laughing about your brother. (I.e. about humorous situation in which your brother was involved.)
🔹We were laughing about that burglary that Brown thought he had discovered. (I.e about the story of how Brown thought he had discovered a burglary.)
📘Laugh OVER something ➡️ to laugh when one discusses or thinks of it:
🔹We have often laughed over that story.
📙When laugh means 'disregard', 'set at naught', 'despise', at is the only prepostion used:
🔹laugh at danger
🔹laugh at his threat
🔹laugh at one's fears.
📒Laugh OFF: shrug off, or brush aside, with laughter:
🔹laugh off an insult
🔹laugh off an awkward question (off is here an adverb).
📓Laugh on the other side of the face ➡️ exchange amusement for disappointment, sorrow or regret. (Colloquial.) Generally used when misfortune suffered by a person is thought of as retribution for his past arrogance, insolence, or lack of sympathy with others.
🔹He may laugh at our discomfiture now, but before he'll be laughing on the other side of the face.
📔Laugh to scorn ➡️ show one's scorn of something by laughing at it.
🔹He laughed to scorn the suggestion that they should seek a compromise with the other side in the dispute.
📚Laugh up one's sleeve ➡️ laugh secertively; be amused without openly expressing it (usually with a spirit of triumph, or another person's discomfiture). (Colloquial)
🔹We had a feeling that he was laughing up his sleeve at us.
📖Have the laugh of someone ➡️ be in a position to laugh at him because of his discomfiture or humiliation, or because he has been proved wrong.
🔹He disregard our advice and insisted on going his own way, but now we have the laugh of him.
#Prepositions
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📕Laugh AT a person, a joke, a story, etc ➡️ when the person or thing in question directly provokes the laughter.
📗Laugh ABOUT a person or a thing ➡️ when it is not the person or the thing themselves that provoke the laughter, but something in connexion with them.
🔹We were laughing about your brother. (I.e. about humorous situation in which your brother was involved.)
🔹We were laughing about that burglary that Brown thought he had discovered. (I.e about the story of how Brown thought he had discovered a burglary.)
📘Laugh OVER something ➡️ to laugh when one discusses or thinks of it:
🔹We have often laughed over that story.
📙When laugh means 'disregard', 'set at naught', 'despise', at is the only prepostion used:
🔹laugh at danger
🔹laugh at his threat
🔹laugh at one's fears.
📒Laugh OFF: shrug off, or brush aside, with laughter:
🔹laugh off an insult
🔹laugh off an awkward question (off is here an adverb).
📓Laugh on the other side of the face ➡️ exchange amusement for disappointment, sorrow or regret. (Colloquial.) Generally used when misfortune suffered by a person is thought of as retribution for his past arrogance, insolence, or lack of sympathy with others.
🔹He may laugh at our discomfiture now, but before he'll be laughing on the other side of the face.
📔Laugh to scorn ➡️ show one's scorn of something by laughing at it.
🔹He laughed to scorn the suggestion that they should seek a compromise with the other side in the dispute.
📚Laugh up one's sleeve ➡️ laugh secertively; be amused without openly expressing it (usually with a spirit of triumph, or another person's discomfiture). (Colloquial)
🔹We had a feeling that he was laughing up his sleeve at us.
📖Have the laugh of someone ➡️ be in a position to laugh at him because of his discomfiture or humiliation, or because he has been proved wrong.
🔹He disregard our advice and insisted on going his own way, but now we have the laugh of him.
#Prepositions
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