Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
2.15K subscribers
15.9K photos
4.24K videos
107 files
8.51K links
Welcome to the official channel of the Edoardo Agnelli Islamic Association, dedicated to Islam and the stories of converts.

Connect with us:
Telegram: @fbistouni
Website: http://rahyafteha.ir/en
#Edoardo_Agnelli #IslamicAssociation
Download Telegram
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
📆 Daily Calendar 🌺 Today: Sunday 🌞 16 August 2025 (Solar Hijri: 26 Mordad 1404) ☪️ 23 Safar 1447 AH ✝️ 17 August 2025 AD 🕎 23 Av 5785 (Hebrew Calendar) 🌍 Events in History 1️⃣ Publication of the book Animal Farm (The Animal Castle) by George Orwell (1945)…
🔍 The Hidden Secrets Behind the Rise of Nazism
Nazism, Anti-Semitism, and Zionism – The Untold Connections

https://jscenter.ir/jewish-methods/jews-and-politics/7517

---

🌍 Origins of Nazi Ideology
1. Aryan Supremacy Roots
- 19th-century Aryanist ideology was shaped by French Count Gobineau & British Houston Chamberlain, both linked to British colonial elites.
- Jewish scholars in Indology & Iranology played a key role in crafting Aryan myths.
- Werner Sombart (German economist) noted: "The idea of a ‘superior Aryan race’ is just a rebranded version of Jewish ‘chosen people’ theology."

2. Theosophy & Occult Influence
- The Theosophical Society (founded 1875, New York) promoted esoteric Aryan mysticism.
- Its swastika symbol (originally from ancient Persian artifacts) was later adopted by the Nazi Party.
- Founder Colonel Olcott worked for U.S. President Rutherford Hayes and had ties to global opium trade elites.

---

🕵️‍♂️ The British & Jewish Elite Connections
3. Anti-Semitism as a Political Tool
- Adolf Stoecker (German court preacher) founded the Christian Socialist Workers' Party (1878) to undermine leftist movements by scapegoating Jews.
- Kaiser Wilhelm II, despite his anti-Semitic rhetoric, was close friends with Sir Ernest Cassel (Jewish British banker) and Nathaniel Rothschild.

4. The Chamberlain Family & Nazi Ideology
- Houston Chamberlain (British-German writer) authored "The Foundations of the 19th Century" (1898), framing history as a racial war between Aryans & Semites.
- Kaiser Wilhelm made it required reading in German military academies.
- Chamberlain later praised Hitler as the "savior of the Aryan race."

5. Hitler’s Occult Mentors
- Walter Stein (Austrian mystic & MI6 agent) introduced Hitler to esoteric Aryan cults.
- The Thule Society (founded 1912) was a Nazi precursor, promoting Aryan supremacy & anti-Semitism.
- Key members included Rudolf Hess & Alfred Rosenberg.

---

💣 British Intelligence & Nazi Rise
6. Ignaz Trebitsch Lincoln: The Double Agent
- A Hungarian Jewish spy working for British Intelligence (MI6) infiltrated German far-right groups.
- Helped organize the Freikorps (paramilitary group that birthed the Nazi Party).
- Orchestrated assassinations, including Rosa Luxemburg & Karl Liebknecht.

7. Churchill’s Secret Support
- Winston Churchill’s advisor, Dr. Walter Stein, was a former Nazi occultist.
- Neville Chamberlain’s government (1930s) secretly backed Hitler to counter communism.

---

🔥 Conclusion: Who Really Empowered the Nazis?
- British elites, Jewish bankers, and occult secret societies all played a role in Nazi Germany’s rise.
- Anti-Semitism was weaponized to divide workers & crush socialism.
- Hitler was not an isolated phenomenon—he was cultivated by powerful transnational networks.

🔗 Sources:
- Abdullah Shahbazi, "The Secrets of Nazism’s Rise"
- Declassified MI6 & CIA archives

#Nazism #Hitler #BritishEmpire #Conspiracy #History #Zionism #Occult #DeepState

✅ @rahyafte_en
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
📆 Daily Calendar 🌺 Today: Sunday 🌞 23 Shahrivar 1404 (Solar Hijri) ☪️ 21 Rabiʿ al-Awwal 1447 (Lunar Hijri) ✝️ 14 September 2025 (Gregorian) 🕎 21 Elul 5785 (Hebrew) 🌍 On this day (Gregorian): ✍ The death of Arthur Wellesley, British politician from the wealthy…
🔎 The Wellesley Family & The East India Company (Part 1)

From the late 18th century, the Wellesley family rose to prominence as one of the most influential pillars of the British colonial oligarchy. Their close ties with the Rothschilds (from 1810 onward) played a decisive role in shaping the financial empire of the 19th and 20th centuries.

👑 Garret Wesley (1720–1781), originally an Irish noble with modest wealth, became a court favorite of George III. With royal patronage, his family gained aristocratic titles and became central figures in Britain’s imperial expansion.

⚔️ His sons, especially Richard Colley Wellesley (Governor-General of India, 1798–1805) and Arthur Wellesley (the future Duke of Wellington), spearheaded Britain’s colonial wars in India, most notably against Tipu Sultan of Mysore.

💰 Alongside political power, the Wellesleys also engaged in the slave trade, missionary expansion, and strategic alliances with Jewish financiers—turning colonial conquest into global empire-building.

📌 The rise of the Wellesleys marks the deep intertwining of British aristocracy, Jewish financiers, and imperial expansion, laying foundations for Britain’s global dominance.

👉 To be continued…

📚 Source: JS Center

#History #Colonialism #EastIndiaCompany #Rothschild #BritishEmpire 🌍

✅ @rahyafte_en
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
📆 Daily Calendar 🌺 Today: Sunday 🌞 23 Shahrivar 1404 (Solar Hijri) ☪️ 21 Rabiʿ al-Awwal 1447 (Lunar Hijri) ✝️ 14 September 2025 (Gregorian) 🕎 21 Elul 5785 (Hebrew) 🌍 On this day (Gregorian): ✍ The death of Arthur Wellesley, British politician from the wealthy…
🔴 Wellesley, the Qavam Shirazi Family, and Iran (Part I)

In the late 18th century, Zaman Shah Abdali, grandson of Ahmad Shah Durrani, emerged as a serious threat to British colonial rule in the East. His campaigns revived memories of the Afghan conquest of India and alarmed Lord Richard Wellesley, Governor-General of British India.

To counter this danger, Wellesley sought alliances with the Qajar court in Iran, while using intelligence networks and internal Afghan rivals such as Mahmud Mirza (Zaman Shah’s half-brother).

👉 The Qavam Shirazi family and the ‘Alam family played a crucial role in these intrigues. Iranian statesmen like Ebrahim Khan Qavam Shirazi (Etimad al-Dawlah) and later his son Asadollah Khan became deeply entangled in British schemes.

📌 Key points:

Zaman Shah’s ambition to march into India and aid local resistance terrified the East India Company.

British agents like Mehdi Ali Khan and Sir John Malcolm entered Iran, backed by wealthy intermediaries such as Hajji Mohammad Khalil Malek al-Tojjar, who had close ties to the East India Company and Jewish-British merchants.

These maneuvers undermined possible Muslim unity (Iran–Afghanistan–Mysore alliance under Tipu Sultan) which could have expelled Britain from India entirely.

Instead, British influence grew stronger in Iran, with the Qavam Shirazi clan serving as key collaborators.

⚠️ Thus, from the very start of the 19th century, the Qavam Shirazi family and their allies became pillars of colonial penetration in Iran, facilitating British domination in the region.

📚 Source: JS Center – Jewish Families, Wellesley & Qavam Shirazi

#History #Colonialism #Iran #QavamShirazi #BritishEmpire

✅ @rahyafte_en
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
📆 Daily Calendar 🌺 Today: Monday 🌞 12 Aban 1404 (Solar Hijri) ☪️ 12 Jumada al-Awwal 1447 (Lunar Hijri) ✝️ November 3, 2025 (Gregorian) 🕎 12 Cheshvan 5786 (Hebrew) 🌍 Solar Calendar Events ➖➖➖➖➖➖ ✍ Official recognition of the cursed Pahlavi dynasty by Britain…
🔻🇬🇧 British Secrecy and the Hidden Architects of Two Coups in Iran
📜 The Jewish–Pahlavi Connection

A new study unveils shocking archival evidence about Britain’s secret involvement in both the 1921 and 1953 coups that shaped modern Iran. 🕵️‍♂️

According to recently revealed documents, Ardeshir Reporter and his son Shapoor Reporter — both linked to British Intelligence (MI6) — were central figures behind the rise of Reza Khan (later Reza Shah Pahlavi) and later the overthrow of Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh.

Ardeshir, an Indian-born Parsi agent, lived in Iran from 1893 to 1933, serving as the British “resident intelligence officer.” His collaboration with General Edmund Ironside directly paved the way for the 1921 coup that installed Reza Khan in power.

Decades later, his son Shapoor Reporter, educated at Cambridge and operating under MI6, directed British field operations during the 1953 coup. Secret intelligence files identify him as “the field operations commander” working with U.S. Ambassador Loy Henderson and British officers.

For his covert services, Shapoor was eventually knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1973 — a move that sparked controversy even within the UK, as journalists like Chapman Pincher and magazines such as Private Eye began to expose the secret role of the Reporter family in manipulating Iran’s political fate.

The evidence also suggests that both coups were carefully concealed under layers of British intelligence secrecy, with many original documents still classified at the MI6 archives.

In a letter to President John F. Kennedy, Shapoor openly admitted to having “led field operations” during the Mossadegh crisis, while describing Iran’s instability as “a British-made chaos.”

These findings confirm what Iranian elders long suspected: that the Pahlavi dynasty itself was a British creation, engineered through intelligence networks spanning Bombay, London, and Tehran.

💬 “From father to son, the Reporters served as Britain’s invisible hand in Iranian politics — for 72 years.”

📚 Source: jscenter.ir/slave-jews/pahlavi/9408
#IranHistory #BritishEmpire #Pahlavi #Coup #MI6 #RezaShah #Mossadegh #Declassified #HiddenHistory #FinalDawn313 🇮🇷🕯️

✅ @rahyafte_en
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
✡ We British are guilty – we gave away land that wasn't ours to Israel! 📚 Learn more: 1⃣ The Clash of Rulers; A Review of the Malignant Birth of a Cancerous Tumor 👉 https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/israel/24202 (En) 2⃣ How British Colonialism Planted the…
🇬🇧 How British Colonialism Planted the Seed of Israel in West Asia
Source: https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/israel/24213

---

🌱 An 80-Year-Old Tumor, Conceived with Just 67 Words

While the Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916 carved up the Ottoman Empire, it was the Balfour Declaration in 1917—a mere 67-word letter—that planted the direct seed for what would become Israel.

The declaration, addressed to Lionel Walter Rothschild for the Zionist Federation, stated:

"His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people..."

This single document, backed by British imperial power, set in motion a colonial project that would displace millions and destabilize the region for over a century.

---

🎭 The Irony of Balfour

Ironically, Arthur James Balfour himself initially opposed Jewish settlement anywhere for state formation. He once supported laws restricting Yiddish-speaking Jewish immigration to Britain (1903-1905), earning criticism from Zionist circles.

Yet, he later justified Zionism by stating:

"Zionism, be it right or wrong, good or bad, is rooted in age-long traditions, in present needs, in future hopes, of far profounder import than the desires and prejudices of the 700,000 Arabs who now inhabit that ancient land."

---

⚔️ The Machinery of Implementation

Immediately after the declaration, the British Foreign Office established a special department to promote Zionist aims, led by veteran Zionist propagandist Albert Hyamson.

With the occupation of Jerusalem in December 1917, this propaganda machinery intensified. Simultaneously, the Jewish Legion—a military unit of Jewish volunteers in the British Army—grew in numbers. This legion later formed the core of Zionist militias that terrorized even the British, eventually becoming the foundation of Mossad and the Israeli Army.

---

🔮 The Foreseeable Tragedy

What followed was a structured process:

· Establishment of the Jewish National Fund to purchase land
· Creation of Kibbutzim as fortified settlements
· Systematic military organization under British oversight

The British Empire, having drawn the maps with Sykes-Picot, now provided the political cover and military infrastructure for a state that would serve as its lasting footprint in the Middle East.

---

To be continued...

Author: Mohammad Vahidi
Previous Part: The Clash of Maps

#BalfourDeclaration #BritishEmpire #Zionism #Colonialism #MiddleEastHistory
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
✡ We British are guilty – we gave away land that wasn't ours to Israel! 📚 Learn more: 1⃣ The Clash of Rulers; A Review of the Malignant Birth of a Cancerous Tumor 👉 https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/israel/24202 (En) 2⃣ How British Colonialism Planted the…
🇬🇧 The Great British Deception: How Colonialism Betrayed the Muslims
Source: https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/israel/24222

---

🕵️♂️ Lawrence of Arabia: The Archaeologist Who Became a Weapon

Thomas Edward Lawrence, better known as Lawrence of Arabia, wasn't just an adventurer—he was a key instrument of British colonial policy. Fluent in Arabic and deeply embedded in tribal culture, he united Arab tribes under the false promise of independence from the Ottoman Empire.

His military victories—like the capture of Aqaba—and the destruction of the Hejaz Railway were celebrated as Arab triumphs, but in reality, they paved the way for:

· The Sykes-Picot Agreement
· The Balfour Declaration
· British Mandate over Palestine

---

🤥 The Broken Promise

While Lawrence mobilized Arabs with visions of freedom, British and French diplomats were secretly carving up the region. The Hashemites—particularly Sharif Hussein and his son Faisal—were tragically deceived:

· Faisal was promised a kingdom in Greater Syria, but was expelled by the French and later made King of Iraq under British control.
· Abdullah I (another son) was given the newly created Transjordan.
· The British assured Sharif Hussein that Jewish settlement would "not harm Arab independence"—a blatant lie as the Balfour Declaration had already promised a "national home for the Jewish people" in the same land.

---

🗺️ Divide and Rule: The Lasting Legacy of Colonial Borders

The arbitrary lines drawn by Sykes-Picot ignored ethnic, religious, and tribal realities, creating artificial states ripe for conflict. This explains:

· Why Arab nations remain divided and conflicted in their stance toward Israel
· Why resistance movements flourish in some areas but are suppressed in others
· The ongoing fragmentation and instability across the region

---

⚔️ The House of Saud vs. The Hashemites

British manipulation extended to playing local powers against each other:

· They recognized Abdulaziz Al Saud's control over Najd and Eastern Arabia
· But preferred his rival, Sharif Hussein, in the Hejaz
· This sowed the seeds of the Saudi-Hashemite rivalry that continues to shape Middle Eastern politics today

---

🎭 Conclusion: The Colonial Blueprint

What we witness today—the fragmentation, the conflicting stances, the unresolved Palestinian issue—is not accidental. It is the direct result of a deliberate colonial strategy designed to ensure perpetual division and Western dominance.

The British didn’t just draw lines on a map—they planted a time bomb that continues to explode decades later.

---

To be continued...

Author: Mohammad Vahidi
Previous Part: How Britain Planted the Seed of Israel

#LawrenceOfArabia #BritishEmpire #MiddleEast #Colonialism #BalfourDeclaration #SykesPicot

✅ @rahyafte_en
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
✡ We British are guilty – we gave away land that wasn't ours to Israel! 📚 Learn more: 1⃣ The Clash of Rulers; A Review of the Malignant Birth of a Cancerous Tumor 👉 https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/israel/24202 (En) 2⃣ How British Colonialism Planted the…
🛢️ The Oil Pipeline That Multiplied Palestine's Importance for Britain
Source: https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/israel/24262

---

🔗 Every Story of Israel Leads Back to Energy & Corridors

Wherever you pause in the history of the Zionist regime, and through whatever lens you view it, one end of the story always connects to energy and corridors—even years before its formal establishment.

Recently, Israel's "David Corridor" plan was revealed, aiming to:

· Connect Israel to Kurdish areas in Syria and Iraq
· Secure an oil pipeline from Azerbaijan to Israel
· Ensure Israel's presence in Syria's Quneitra province and the Mount Hermon heights

---

🛣️ The Kirkuk-Haifa Pipeline: Britain's True Motive

The Sykes-Picot Agreement wasn't random—it served French and British interests perfectly, until one "small problem" emerged: The discovery of massive oil fields in Kirkuk and Mosul—areas designated for French control.

Britain now faced a dilemma:

· They already controlled oil fields in Iran
· But Kirkuk's reserves were even larger than Iran's Masjed Soleyman fields
· They needed to transport this oil to the Mediterranean through British-controlled territory

---

🗺️ Redrawing the Map for Oil

After intense negotiations with France (1927-1934), Britain secured its prize:

· Southern pipeline: Kirkuk → Haditha → Al-Bukamal → Al-Tanf → Haifa (British port)
· Northern pipeline: Kirkuk → Syria → Tripoli (French port)

The Kirkuk-Haifa pipeline operated from 1935-1948, becoming Britain's strategic artery for Middle Eastern oil.

---

💥 The Strategic Points That Became Battlefields

Every monitoring station and refinery along these pipelines has today become:

· US military bases
· Key resistance conflict zones
· Strategic flashpoints from Al-Bukamal and Al-Tanf to Homs and Palmyra

The very infrastructure Britain built for oil control has become the battlefield of today's resistance.

---

⚡ The Irony: Jewish Terrorists vs. Their British Benefactors

In a stunning historical twist, Zionist terrorist groups (later forming Mossad and the Israeli Army) repeatedly attacked their British patrons—demanding a share of the Kirkuk oil and control over the pipeline.

The very regime Britain helped create would turn against it over control of energy resources.

---

🎯 Conclusion: The Pattern Continues

From Sykes-Picot to the "David Corridor," the same pattern repeats:

· Energy corridors dictate political boundaries
· Pipeline routes determine strategic priorities
· Resource control drives foreign intervention

The Middle East's conflicts cannot be understood without following the trail of oil and gas.

---

To be continued...

Author: Mohammad Vahidi
Previous Part: The Great British Deception

#OilPolitics #MiddleEast #BritishEmpire #KirkukHaifaPipeline #EnergyCorridors #Geopolitics

✅ @rahyafte_en
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
✡ We British are guilty – we gave away land that wasn't ours to Israel! 📚 Learn more: 1⃣ The Clash of Rulers; A Review of the Malignant Birth of a Cancerous Tumor 👉 https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/israel/24202 (En) 2⃣ How British Colonialism Planted the…
🇬🇧 The Balfour Declaration: The 67-Word Letter That Changed the Middle East Forever
Source: https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/israel/21441

---

📜 The Document That Redrew History

On November 2, 1917, British Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour signed a 67-word letter to Lionel Walter Rothschild that would alter the destiny of the Middle East:

"His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people... it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine..."

This document, known as the Balfour Declaration, granted international legitimacy to the Zionist project while paying lip service to the rights of the indigenous Palestinian population.

---

🤝 The Unholy Alliance: Zionism & British Imperialism

The declaration was the product of a 20-year process beginning with the First Zionist Congress in Basel (1897), where Zionist leaders used their financial, political, and diplomatic leverage to advance their agenda.

Key figures in this alliance:

· Chaim Weizmann: The chemist who became Zionism's chief diplomat
· Lord Rothschild: Representing Jewish financial interests
· David Lloyd George: British Prime Minister who saw Palestine as a strategic prize

As historian David Hirst noted: "It is difficult to find any document that has arbitrarily changed the course of history like this one."

---

🎭 The Contradictions of Balfour

Ironically, Balfour himself had previously supported laws restricting Jewish immigration to Britain (1903-1905) and expressed anti-Jewish sentiments. Yet he justified the declaration by stating:

"Zionism, be it right or wrong, good or bad, is rooted in age-long traditions, in present needs, in future hopes, of far profounder import than the desires and prejudices of the 700,000 Arabs who now inhabit that ancient land."

---

🌍 International Reactions & Manipulations

In the United States:
President Woodrow Wilson was initially skeptical,but Zionist lobbyist Louis Brandeis (later Supreme Court Justice) used his influence after allegedly helping cover up a Wilson scandal.

In the Arab World:
Britain tried to conceal the declaration from Arab leaders.When news broke, they sent D.G. Hogarth to reassure Sharif Hussein that Jewish settlement wouldn't harm Arab independence—a blatant deception.

Within Jewish Communities:
Many prominent Jews opposed Zionism,including Edwin Montagu, the only Jewish member of the British Cabinet, who called it "a mischievous political creed."

---

⚖️ Legal Invalidity & Historical Injustice

The declaration was fundamentally illegitimate because:

1. Britain had no sovereignty over Palestine when issuing it
2. It violated Britain's previous promises to Arab leaders
3. It ignored the will of 90% of Palestine's population
4. It contradicted the principle of self-determination

As one critic noted: "One nation officially promised the territory of a second nation to a third."

---

🇮🇷 The Iranian Connection

The Balfour Declaration had significant repercussions in Iran:

· Alliance Schools established footholds for Zionist organizing
· Zionist associations formed in major cities
· Mass migration of Iranian Jews to Palestine began
· The Qajar dynasty's weakness allowed foreign interference to flourish

---

🔚 Legacy: A Century of Conflict

The Balfour Declaration planted a time bomb that continues to explode decades later. While Theresa May celebrated its centenary in 2017, for Palestinians it remains the foundational document of their ongoing Nakba.

What Britain gave away in 67 words, generations have paid for in blood—proving that imperial arrogance can indeed rewrite history, but cannot dictate its ultimate outcome.

#BalfourDeclaration #BritishEmpire #Zionism #Palestine #MiddleEastHistory #Colonialism

Author: Alireza Sultanshahi

✅ @rahyafte_en
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
🔍 Decoding the Title "Sir" and 'Abdu'l-Bahá's Knighthood Baha'is often justify the Universal House of Justice's failure to support Iran's territorial integrity and its silence on Saddam's military aggression by claiming it is a "non-Iranian institution."…
Even T.E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia"), a famed British intelligence officer, refused the KBE in protest of Britain's broken promises to the Arabs. Yet, 'Abdu'l-Bahá accepted it.

This membership in the Order of the British Empire explains why, after the death of Ruhiyyih Maxwell (Shoghi Effendi's wife), Prince Philip, the order's Grand Master, personally attended her memorial service.

The evidence strongly suggests that 'Abdu'l-Bahá's knighthood was not merely an honorary gesture but a reward for political and intelligence services rendered to the British Empire, fundamentally contradicting the Baha'i claim of being "apolitical" and "peaceful."

---

Source: JS Center - Jewish Studies Think Tank
Compiled by: Abdullah Shahbazi

📖 Read the full detailed analysis (in Farsi) via the link:
👉 https://jscenter.ir/jewish-and-sects/bahai/13966

#Bahai #History #Knighthood #BritishEmpire #MiddleEast #Iran #Palestine #Zionism

✅ @rahyafte_en
Rahyafte (The Guided Ones)
📆 Yesterday’s Calendar 🌺 Monday 🌞 24 Azar 1404 Solar Hijri ☪️ 24 Jumada al-Thani 1447 Lunar Hijri ✝️ 15 December 2025 Gregorian 🕎 25 Kislev 5786 Hebrew 🌍 Gregorian Observances ➖➖➖➖➖➖ 1️⃣ Death of #Georg_Friedrich_Grotefend, German scholar and decipherer…
🔍 From "Tomb of Solomon's Mother" to "Cyrus’s Mausoleum": Britain and the Forgery of Mesopotamian Inscriptions

In the 19th century, while the French secured exclusive excavation rights in Iran, the British obtained similar privileges in Ottoman territories—including Mesopotamia—to carry out archeological activities. But British activities went beyond excavation and often extended into systematic forgery of ancient artifacts and cuneiform inscriptions.

Why did they forge?
Three main motives drove this practice:

1️⃣ Colonial propaganda – shaping historical narratives to serve imperial interests.
2️⃣ Producing replicas of inscriptions and artifacts.
3️⃣ Lucrative trade in counterfeit antiquities, highly sought by museums and private collectors worldwide.

Among the most skilled forgers were the Ready brothers of Baghdad, later employed by the British Museum to produce replica cuneiform tablets.

But one key figure stands out: Claudius James Rich, a British East India Company agent based in Baghdad. Not only did he deal in artifacts—he also first proposed that the structure known locally as the "Tomb of Solomon’s Mother" in Marvdasht was actually the tomb of Cyrus the Great.

This theory was initially accepted by British travelers such as James Morier and Robert Ker Porter, though later questioned for lack of evidence.

Many forged tablets from the late 19th and early 20th centuries were crafted so expertly that even today, distinguishing them from originals remains a challenge for specialists. Some early forgeries were clumsier—they even overlooked basic details, such as the fact that cuneiform texts on opposite sides of a tablet should be oriented in opposite directions.

The scale of forged Mesopotamian artifacts and inscriptions is far greater than commonly acknowledged. Many museums quietly deal with doubts around their collections’ authenticity, avoiding public controversy.

As researcher Reza Moradi Ghiasabadi notes, the sheer volume of forgeries—largely produced by British nationals—means many museum-held cuneiform texts and artifacts cannot be certified as definitively authentic.

📚 Learn more:
For detailed accounts of the Ready brothers and Claudius James Rich, see:
Walker, C. B. F., Cuneiform, University of California Press, 1987.

---

✍️ Source: https://jscenter.ir/slave-jews/cyrus/1718
#Archaeology #Forgery #Cyrus #Mesopotamia #BritishEmpire #History

🆔 @rahyafte_en