♦️Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the nation from the Red Fort on August 15 on the occasion of 79th Independence Day and gave a speech for the 12th consecutive time. With this, he broke the record of former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
♦️PM Modi has addressed the nation from the Red Fort every year since 2014 without any break. Indira Gandhi had given 11 consecutive speeches during her tenure, while he gave a total of 16 speeches during his tenure as Prime Minister.
♦️With this achievement, PM Modi has become the second Indian Prime Minister to give 12 consecutive Independence Day speeches. The record for giving the most consecutive speeches is held by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who gave a total of 17 speeches.
♦️PM Modi has addressed the nation from the Red Fort every year since 2014 without any break. Indira Gandhi had given 11 consecutive speeches during her tenure, while he gave a total of 16 speeches during his tenure as Prime Minister.
♦️With this achievement, PM Modi has become the second Indian Prime Minister to give 12 consecutive Independence Day speeches. The record for giving the most consecutive speeches is held by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, who gave a total of 17 speeches.
♦️प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी ने 15 अगस्त को 79वें स्वतंत्रता दिवस के मौके पर लाल किले से देश को संबोधित करते हुए लगातार 12वीं बार भाषण दिया। इसके साथ उन्होंने पूर्व प्रधानमंत्री इंदिरा गांधी का रिकॉर्ड तोड़ दिया।
♦️ पीएम मोदी ने 2014 से हर साल बिना किसी ब्रेक के लाल किले से देश को संबोधित किया है। इंदिरा गांधी ने अपने कार्यकाल में 11 लगातार भाषण दिए थे, जबकि कुल 16 भाषण उन्होंने अपने प्रधानमंत्री पद के दौरान दिए।
♦️इस उपलब्धि के साथ पीएम मोदी दूसरे भारतीय प्रधानमंत्री बन गए हैं जिन्होंने लगातार 12 स्वतंत्रता दिवस भाषण दिए। सबसे अधिक लगातार भाषण देने का रिकॉर्ड पंडित जवाहरलाल नेहरू के पास है, जिन्होंने कुल 17 भाषण दिए थे।
♦️ पीएम मोदी ने 2014 से हर साल बिना किसी ब्रेक के लाल किले से देश को संबोधित किया है। इंदिरा गांधी ने अपने कार्यकाल में 11 लगातार भाषण दिए थे, जबकि कुल 16 भाषण उन्होंने अपने प्रधानमंत्री पद के दौरान दिए।
♦️इस उपलब्धि के साथ पीएम मोदी दूसरे भारतीय प्रधानमंत्री बन गए हैं जिन्होंने लगातार 12 स्वतंत्रता दिवस भाषण दिए। सबसे अधिक लगातार भाषण देने का रिकॉर्ड पंडित जवाहरलाल नेहरू के पास है, जिन्होंने कुल 17 भाषण दिए थे।
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Development of Education in India
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- 1781: Calcutta Madrasa – by Warren Hastings
- 1791: Sanskrit College, Banaras – by Jonathan Duncan
- By Wellesley
- Serampore Missioner
2. Charter Act 1813:
- Approval of ₹1 lakh annually for education
- Funds not released until 1823
- 1817: Grant for Calcutta College – Initiative by Raja Rammohan Roy
3. Macaulay’s proposal (1835):
- Support for western education through English medium
- Neglect of education of the masses
- Beginning of downward filtration theory
- 1835: Establishment of medical college in Calcutta
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4. James Thomson Plan (1843–53):
- Promotion of education in local language in villages
- Training of personnel for revenue and public works department
5. Government order of 1844:
- Knowledge of English made compulsory for government jobs 6. Wood’s Despatch (1854) – “Magna Carta of Indian Education”
- Accepted responsibility for education of masses
- Rejected downward filtration theory
- Vernacular language at primary level, English in higher education
- Emphasis on women, vocational education, teacher training
- Secular government education
- Grant-in-aid scheme for private initiatives
7. Major Institutional Developments:
- 1847: Engineering Institute at Roorkee
- 1849: Bethune School, Calcutta – for women
- 1856: Calcutta Engineering College
- 1857: Universities of Calcutta, Bombay, Madras
- 1858: Poona Engineering College
- Agricultural Institute established at Pusa, Bihar
8. Hunter Commission (1882–83) – by Lord Ripon
- Focus on primary and secondary education
- Primary education in vernacular language
- Control of primary education to district and municipal boards
- Two divisions of high school: Literary – for university Professional – for professional career
- Focus on poor condition of women education
9. University development:
- 1882: Punjab University
- 1887: Allahabad University
10. Rayleigh Commission (1902):
- Review of the state of universities
- Based on recommendations:
11. Indian Universities Act (1904):
- Government to have veto power over university senate decisions
- ₹5 lakh per year sanctioned for five years for development
12. Other important initiatives:
- 1906: Compulsory education introduced in Baroda state
- 1913: Central government did not take responsibility for compulsory education
- 1917–19: Sadler Commission:
- Review of Calcutta University
- Duration of school education 12 years
- University admission after intermediate (3-year course)
- 1919: Control of education handed over to provincial governments
13. Hertogh Committee (1929):
- Review of progress of education
- Vocational education after class 8
- Recommendation to limit admission numbers
14. Wardha Education Plan (1937):
- National Conference on Education by Congress
- Recommendation of Dr. Zakir Hussain Committee
- Activity based education
- Handicraft-based learning system
- English education after class 8
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15. Sargent Plan (1944):
- Pre-primary education for 3–6 years
- Free, universal and compulsory education for 6–11 years
- Proposal to abolish intermediate course
JOIN STUDY BHARAT WHATSAPP CHANNEL https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va6aTMd42DceBpSak119
JOIN STUDY BHARAT WHATSAPP CHANNEL https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va6aTMd42DceBpSak119
- 1781: Calcutta Madrasa – by Warren Hastings
- 1791: Sanskrit College, Banaras – by Jonathan Duncan
- By Wellesley
- Serampore Missioner
2. Charter Act 1813:
- Approval of ₹1 lakh annually for education
- Funds not released until 1823
- 1817: Grant for Calcutta College – Initiative by Raja Rammohan Roy
3. Macaulay’s proposal (1835):
- Support for western education through English medium
- Neglect of education of the masses
- Beginning of downward filtration theory
- 1835: Establishment of medical college in Calcutta
JOIN STUDY BHARAT WHATSAPP CHANNEL https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va6aTMd42DceBpSak119
4. James Thomson Plan (1843–53):
- Promotion of education in local language in villages
- Training of personnel for revenue and public works department
5. Government order of 1844:
- Knowledge of English made compulsory for government jobs 6. Wood’s Despatch (1854) – “Magna Carta of Indian Education”
- Accepted responsibility for education of masses
- Rejected downward filtration theory
- Vernacular language at primary level, English in higher education
- Emphasis on women, vocational education, teacher training
- Secular government education
- Grant-in-aid scheme for private initiatives
7. Major Institutional Developments:
- 1847: Engineering Institute at Roorkee
- 1849: Bethune School, Calcutta – for women
- 1856: Calcutta Engineering College
- 1857: Universities of Calcutta, Bombay, Madras
- 1858: Poona Engineering College
- Agricultural Institute established at Pusa, Bihar
8. Hunter Commission (1882–83) – by Lord Ripon
- Focus on primary and secondary education
- Primary education in vernacular language
- Control of primary education to district and municipal boards
- Two divisions of high school: Literary – for university Professional – for professional career
- Focus on poor condition of women education
9. University development:
- 1882: Punjab University
- 1887: Allahabad University
10. Rayleigh Commission (1902):
- Review of the state of universities
- Based on recommendations:
11. Indian Universities Act (1904):
- Government to have veto power over university senate decisions
- ₹5 lakh per year sanctioned for five years for development
12. Other important initiatives:
- 1906: Compulsory education introduced in Baroda state
- 1913: Central government did not take responsibility for compulsory education
- 1917–19: Sadler Commission:
- Review of Calcutta University
- Duration of school education 12 years
- University admission after intermediate (3-year course)
- 1919: Control of education handed over to provincial governments
13. Hertogh Committee (1929):
- Review of progress of education
- Vocational education after class 8
- Recommendation to limit admission numbers
14. Wardha Education Plan (1937):
- National Conference on Education by Congress
- Recommendation of Dr. Zakir Hussain Committee
- Activity based education
- Handicraft-based learning system
- English education after class 8
JOIN STUDY BHARAT WHATSAPP CHANNEL https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va6aTMd42DceBpSak119
15. Sargent Plan (1944):
- Pre-primary education for 3–6 years
- Free, universal and compulsory education for 6–11 years
- Proposal to abolish intermediate course
JOIN STUDY BHARAT WHATSAPP CHANNEL https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va6aTMd42DceBpSak119
JOIN STUDY BHARAT WHATSAPP CHANNEL https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va6aTMd42DceBpSak119
*Development of Education in Independent India*
1. *1947-1990: Initial Reforms*
- 1948-49: University Education Commission – (Dr. Radhakrishnan)
- 1952: Secondary Education Commission – (Mudaliar)
- 1964-66: Kothari Commission – 10+2+3 framework
- 1968: First National Education Policy – Three Language Formula
- 1976: Education put in Concurrent List
- 1986: Second National Education Policy – Equality, Women Education
- 1992: Revised Education Policy – Launch of DPEP
2. *2000-2010: Emphasis on Universal Education*
- 2001: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
- 2005: National Curriculum Framework (NCF)
- 2009: Right to Education (RTE) Act – Compulsory Education for Children of 6–14 Years
3. *2011-2025: New Education Policy and Digital Education*
- 2020: New Education Policy (NEP 2020)
- New 5+3+3+4 framework
- Target to achieve basic literacy/numeracy by 2025
- Vocational education from class 6
- Education in mother tongue till class 5
- Multiple entry-multi exit system in higher education
- 50% GER target in higher education by 2035
- 2020: PM eVidya, DIKSHA portal – integrated digital education
- 2021: NDEAR – digital framework
- 2022: Academic Bank of Credits (ABC)
- 2023: Establishment of National Digital University
- 2024: Implementation of PM SHRI School Scheme
- 2025: Target to achieve literacy and numeracy proficiency under NEP 2020
*Conclusion*
The development of education in India is a continuous process, in which There have been many important initiatives and reforms in the pre-independence and post-independence era. Currently, new opportunities and challenges are emerging in the field of education through the new education policy and digital education.
*Development of Education in Independent India*
1. *1947-1990: Initial Reforms*
- 1948-49: University Education Commission – (Dr. Radhakrishnan)
- 1952: Secondary Education Commission – (Mudaliar)
- 1964-66: Kothari Commission – 10+2+3 framework
- 1968: First National Education Policy – Three Language Formula
- 1976: Education put in Concurrent List
- 1986: Second National Education Policy – Equality, Women Education
- 1992: Revised Education Policy – Launch of DPEP
2. *2000-2010: Emphasis on Universal Education*
- 2001: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
- 2005: National Curriculum Framework (NCF)
- 2009: Right to Education (RTE) Act – Compulsory Education for Children of 6–14 Years
3. *2011-2025: New Education Policy and Digital Education*
- 2020: New Education Policy (NEP 2020)
- New 5+3+3+4 framework
- Target to achieve basic literacy/numeracy by 2025
- Vocational education from class 6
- Education in mother tongue till class 5
- Multiple entry-multi exit system in higher education
- 50% GER target in higher education by 2035
- 2020: PM eVidya, DIKSHA portal – integrated digital education
- 2021: NDEAR – digital framework
- 2022: Academic Bank of Credits (ABC)
- 2023: Establishment of National Digital University
- 2024: Implementation of PM SHRI School Scheme
- 2025: Target to achieve literacy and numeracy proficiency under NEP 2020
*Conclusion*
The development of education in India is a continuous process, in which There have been many important initiatives and reforms in the pre-independence and post-independence era. Currently, new opportunities and challenges are emerging in the field of education through the new education policy and digital education.