A child’s first two years of life are crucial for developing cognitive skills, particularly executive functions that help adjust thoughts, actions, and behaviours for everyday life.

A new study finds that children raised in institutions show slower physical and brain development, especially if diagnosed with ADHD. Early placement into foster care helped, but delays remained—highlighting the lasting effects of early adversity on growth…

Researchers followed twins for three decades to explore how early life shapes cognitive ability. They found that intelligence stabilizes after age 3, with genetics and shared environments in early childhood predicting adult cognitive outcomes more than infant…