A study in China found that adolescents with more severe addiction to short-form videos tend to have worse sleep quality and higher levels of social anxiety. The paper was published in BMC Psychology.

University of Warwick analysis of data from over 10,000 teenagers has found that sleep problems at age 14 are associated with self-harm behaviour at that age and future self-harm at age 17.

Sleep problems from late adolescence to adulthood have increased in the past 10 years and can be linked to complex factors.