Forwarded from Environment for UPSC by Dr Manmeet Kaur
Let us learn about Belém, where COP 30 is taking place.
It is the gateway to the Amazon River with a busy port, airport, and bus/coach station.
Belém lies approximately 100 km upriver from the Atlantic Ocean, on the southern edge of Guajará Bay, which is connected via the Pará River system.
Pará River, which is part of the greater Amazon River system, is separated from the larger part of the Amazon delta by Marajo Island.
Rivers associated with Belém –
• The Guamá River flows along the southern edge of Belém.
• The Acará River is a tributary that joins the Guamá River close to Belém.
• The Pará River is a wide estuarine channel just west of Belém. It is a part of the Amazon River system, connecting water from the Amazon and Tocantins rivers to the Atlantic Ocean. It separates Belém from Marajó Island.
• The Acará River and the Guamá River are tributaries of the Pará River.
It is the gateway to the Amazon River with a busy port, airport, and bus/coach station.
Belém lies approximately 100 km upriver from the Atlantic Ocean, on the southern edge of Guajará Bay, which is connected via the Pará River system.
Pará River, which is part of the greater Amazon River system, is separated from the larger part of the Amazon delta by Marajo Island.
Rivers associated with Belém –
• The Guamá River flows along the southern edge of Belém.
• The Acará River is a tributary that joins the Guamá River close to Belém.
• The Pará River is a wide estuarine channel just west of Belém. It is a part of the Amazon River system, connecting water from the Amazon and Tocantins rivers to the Atlantic Ocean. It separates Belém from Marajó Island.
• The Acará River and the Guamá River are tributaries of the Pará River.
Saudi Arabia
[ Places in the news ]
✅ About :
- A West Asian kingdom and the largest country on the Arabian Peninsula, ruled by the Al Saud royal family.
✅ Location :
- Situated in the Middle East, occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula.
✅ Capital : Riyadh
✅ Neighbouring Nations:
- Shares borders with Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Oman, Yemen, and coastlines along the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba.
✅ Geological Features :
- Dominated by vast deserts, including the Rubʿ al-Khāli (Empty Quarter), the world’s largest sand desert.
- Western highlands (Hejaz) contain Mecca and Medina—Islam’s holiest cities.
- Features the central plateau of Najd and an eastern oil-rich coastal belt along the Persian Gulf.
[ Places in the news ]
✅ About :
- A West Asian kingdom and the largest country on the Arabian Peninsula, ruled by the Al Saud royal family.
✅ Location :
- Situated in the Middle East, occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula.
✅ Capital : Riyadh
✅ Neighbouring Nations:
- Shares borders with Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Oman, Yemen, and coastlines along the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba.
✅ Geological Features :
- Dominated by vast deserts, including the Rubʿ al-Khāli (Empty Quarter), the world’s largest sand desert.
- Western highlands (Hejaz) contain Mecca and Medina—Islam’s holiest cities.
- Features the central plateau of Najd and an eastern oil-rich coastal belt along the Persian Gulf.
❤1
UPSC Sociology Strategy Workshop for 2027 Aspirants
Kickstart your Sociology optional preparation with a focused and practical strategy session. This free workshop is designed to help aspirants understand how to approach Sociology effectively for UPSC 2027 with expert guidance.
• Covers complete Sociology preparation approach
• Ideal for beginners and 2027-target aspirants
• Learn answer writing, booklist planning and conceptual clarity
22 November 2025 ,6pm
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/sociology-workshop-2026/?source=Instagram
Kickstart your Sociology optional preparation with a focused and practical strategy session. This free workshop is designed to help aspirants understand how to approach Sociology effectively for UPSC 2027 with expert guidance.
• Covers complete Sociology preparation approach
• Ideal for beginners and 2027-target aspirants
• Learn answer writing, booklist planning and conceptual clarity
22 November 2025 ,6pm
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/sociology-workshop-2026/?source=Instagram
Forwarded from Environment for UPSC by Dr Manmeet Kaur
https://www.cseindia.org/content/downloadreports/12927
Sharing this brilliant report by CSE on Extreme Weather Events.. important for both Environment and Disaster Management.. Let me know if you want me to simplify it for you 🙏
Sharing this brilliant report by CSE on Extreme Weather Events.. important for both Environment and Disaster Management.. Let me know if you want me to simplify it for you 🙏
We're conducting a Master Workshop for UPSC CSAT to help aspirants prepare more holistically for Prelims 2026.
The session will be led by Vikas Dahiya Sir, an MBA–M.Tech educator with 21+ years in test prep, renowned for his 99+ percentile record in QA & LRDI and a decade of CSAT mentoring.
Don’t miss this game-changer session.
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/csat-upsc-prelims-2026-workshop/?source=instagram
The session will be led by Vikas Dahiya Sir, an MBA–M.Tech educator with 21+ years in test prep, renowned for his 99+ percentile record in QA & LRDI and a decade of CSAT mentoring.
Don’t miss this game-changer session.
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/csat-upsc-prelims-2026-workshop/?source=instagram
🚩 Honoring the Martyrdom Day of Guru Teg Bahadur Ji 🚩
In remembrance of his supreme sacrifice, we are offering an exclusive 21% OFF on all courses!
✨ Use Code: GURUJI
📅 Valid from: 20–23 November
Don’t miss this opportunity—upgrade your learning journey while paying tribute to the great Guru.
📞 For queries: 1800-890-3043
📧 sleepy.classes@gmail.com
In remembrance of his supreme sacrifice, we are offering an exclusive 21% OFF on all courses!
✨ Use Code: GURUJI
📅 Valid from: 20–23 November
Don’t miss this opportunity—upgrade your learning journey while paying tribute to the great Guru.
📞 For queries: 1800-890-3043
📧 sleepy.classes@gmail.com
Siliguri Corridor
[ Places in the news ]
✅ About :
- A narrow land strip in northern West Bengal connecting mainland India to the eight Northeastern States.
- Popularly known as the “Chicken’s Neck.”
- One of the world’s most sensitive strategic bottlenecks.
✅ Location :
- Lies near Siliguri city in northern West Bengal.
Flanked by:
West : Nepal
South: Bangladesh
North: Bhutan
- Close to the Chumbi Valley (China–Bhutan–India tri-junction)
✅ Historical Background :
- Formed after Partition (1947–48) when East Bengal became East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
- Strategic value rose after Sikkim’s merger with India in 1975.
- Vulnerability noted during 1962 Sino-Indian War and 2017 Doklam standoff.
✅ Strategic Importance :
- A potential choke point; any blockade could isolate the Northeast.
- Very close to Doklam Plateau, where China has built significant infrastructure.
China’s growing presence in Bangladesh and Nepal increases strategic sensitivity.
- Acts as India’s eastern military buffer.
[ Places in the news ]
✅ About :
- A narrow land strip in northern West Bengal connecting mainland India to the eight Northeastern States.
- Popularly known as the “Chicken’s Neck.”
- One of the world’s most sensitive strategic bottlenecks.
✅ Location :
- Lies near Siliguri city in northern West Bengal.
Flanked by:
West : Nepal
South: Bangladesh
North: Bhutan
- Close to the Chumbi Valley (China–Bhutan–India tri-junction)
✅ Historical Background :
- Formed after Partition (1947–48) when East Bengal became East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
- Strategic value rose after Sikkim’s merger with India in 1975.
- Vulnerability noted during 1962 Sino-Indian War and 2017 Doklam standoff.
✅ Strategic Importance :
- A potential choke point; any blockade could isolate the Northeast.
- Very close to Doklam Plateau, where China has built significant infrastructure.
China’s growing presence in Bangladesh and Nepal increases strategic sensitivity.
- Acts as India’s eastern military buffer.
👍1
Doston important reminder!
Workshop aaj hai .
Along with a proper strategy, you will also get :
1. You'll be getting a roadmap for UPSC CSE Exam. (suitable for beginners)
2. Pdfs which include - syllabus breakdown, microtopics in the syllabus, Booklist and a planner to cover NCERTs in 45 days
Make sure you don't miss out!
21st November 5pm!
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-gs-beginners-workshop/?
Workshop aaj hai .
Along with a proper strategy, you will also get :
1. You'll be getting a roadmap for UPSC CSE Exam. (suitable for beginners)
2. Pdfs which include - syllabus breakdown, microtopics in the syllabus, Booklist and a planner to cover NCERTs in 45 days
Make sure you don't miss out!
21st November 5pm!
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-gs-beginners-workshop/?
Forwarded from Sociology Sleepy Classes
Do you want to write Live Answers with me ?
Okay, the thing is I have a Live Answer Writing Batch (it’s paid) and we have a class every week on Friday (which is today).
So, I was thinking if some of you want to be a part of today’s class (just today’s class only), I’ll share the link of the class here
You can join it and write 2 answers with me Live
And yes, we are starting with Paper-2 today, so it will be 2 questions from A-1 and A-2
Let me know who all want to, will share the link
Okay, the thing is I have a Live Answer Writing Batch (it’s paid) and we have a class every week on Friday (which is today).
So, I was thinking if some of you want to be a part of today’s class (just today’s class only), I’ll share the link of the class here
You can join it and write 2 answers with me Live
And yes, we are starting with Paper-2 today, so it will be 2 questions from A-1 and A-2
Let me know who all want to, will share the link
Forwarded from Sociology Sleepy Classes
https://zoom.us/j/92997814942?pwd=wptg0LPdeaknUa7aUl0eqiNVVvhMFt.1
Doston here is the link
For today’s live answer writing class
Doston here is the link
For today’s live answer writing class
Zoom
Join our Cloud HD Video Meeting
Zoom is the leader in modern enterprise cloud communications.
🚩 Honoring the Martyrdom Day of Guru Teg Bahadur Ji 🚩
In remembrance of his supreme sacrifice, we are offering an exclusive 21% OFF on all courses!
✨ Use Code: GURUJI
📅 Valid from: 20–23 November
Don’t miss this opportunity—upgrade your learning journey while paying tribute to the great Guru.
📞 For queries: 1800-890-3043
📧 sleepy.classes@gmail.com
In remembrance of his supreme sacrifice, we are offering an exclusive 21% OFF on all courses!
✨ Use Code: GURUJI
📅 Valid from: 20–23 November
Don’t miss this opportunity—upgrade your learning journey while paying tribute to the great Guru.
📞 For queries: 1800-890-3043
📧 sleepy.classes@gmail.com
Botswana:
[ Places in the news ]
✅What it is?
- A landlocked country in Southern Africa, known for democratic stability, rich wildlife, and a conservation-oriented development model.
- Gained independence from Britain in 1966 and is one of Africa’s most peaceful and prosperous nations.
✅Location :
- Located in centre of Southern Africa.
Roughly triangular in shape.
✅Neighbouring Nations :
- Namibia (including the Caprivi Strip)
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
- South Africa
✅Geological & Physical Features :
- Lies on a high inland plateau (~1,000 m elevation).
- Dominated by Kalahari Desert sands.
- Divided into three major regions :
Hardveld – Rocky hills and shallow soils in east.
Sandveld – Deep Kalahari sands covering most of country.
Ancient lakebeds & wetlands in north (Okavango Delta, Makgadikgadi Pans).
- Major rivers: Okavango, Chobe, Limpopo.
- Rainfall is sparse, erratic, and seasonal.
✅ Climate :
- Semi-arid.
- Hot summers (up to 34°C).
- Dry, mild winters.
- Frequent cyclic droughts.
[ Places in the news ]
✅What it is?
- A landlocked country in Southern Africa, known for democratic stability, rich wildlife, and a conservation-oriented development model.
- Gained independence from Britain in 1966 and is one of Africa’s most peaceful and prosperous nations.
✅Location :
- Located in centre of Southern Africa.
Roughly triangular in shape.
✅Neighbouring Nations :
- Namibia (including the Caprivi Strip)
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
- South Africa
✅Geological & Physical Features :
- Lies on a high inland plateau (~1,000 m elevation).
- Dominated by Kalahari Desert sands.
- Divided into three major regions :
Hardveld – Rocky hills and shallow soils in east.
Sandveld – Deep Kalahari sands covering most of country.
Ancient lakebeds & wetlands in north (Okavango Delta, Makgadikgadi Pans).
- Major rivers: Okavango, Chobe, Limpopo.
- Rainfall is sparse, erratic, and seasonal.
✅ Climate :
- Semi-arid.
- Hot summers (up to 34°C).
- Dry, mild winters.
- Frequent cyclic droughts.
Doston! aaj Shekhar Sir will be live at 6pm with hundreds of students.
This free workshop is designed to help aspirants understand how to approach Sociology effectively for UPSC 2027 with expert guidance.
* Covers complete Sociology preparation approach
* Ideal for beginners and 2027-target aspirants
* Learn answer writing, booklist planning and conceptual clarity
22 November 2025 ,6pm
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/sociology-workshop-2026/?source=Instagram
This free workshop is designed to help aspirants understand how to approach Sociology effectively for UPSC 2027 with expert guidance.
* Covers complete Sociology preparation approach
* Ideal for beginners and 2027-target aspirants
* Learn answer writing, booklist planning and conceptual clarity
22 November 2025 ,6pm
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/sociology-workshop-2026/?source=Instagram
The workshop is today guys! At 4pm.
The workshop is being conducted to help aspirants prepare more holistically for Prelims 2026.
The session will be led by Vikas Dahiya Sir, an MBA–M.Tech educator with 21+ years in test prep, renowned for his 99+ percentile record in QA & LRDI and a decade of CSAT mentoring.
Don’t miss this game-changer session.
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/csat-upsc-prelims-2026-workshop/?source=instagram
The workshop is being conducted to help aspirants prepare more holistically for Prelims 2026.
The session will be led by Vikas Dahiya Sir, an MBA–M.Tech educator with 21+ years in test prep, renowned for his 99+ percentile record in QA & LRDI and a decade of CSAT mentoring.
Don’t miss this game-changer session.
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/csat-upsc-prelims-2026-workshop/?source=instagram
Forwarded from Environment for UPSC by Dr Manmeet Kaur
Three Things we can learn from this article -
• Why are some volcanoes more explosive?
• What is Tephra?
• Where is Mt.Sumeru?
If you know, give yourself a pat on the back!
Else listen to the voice note.
• Why are some volcanoes more explosive?
• What is Tephra?
• Where is Mt.Sumeru?
If you know, give yourself a pat on the back!
Else listen to the voice note.
Doston
We have been conducting these workshop to help aspirants get their Sociology related doubts resolved in a live session with Shekhar Sir
here is the link of today's workshop
*Sociology Workshop For 2027 – 22 Nov 6PM LINKS*
Zoom: https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_bHu2DfijSCGWe5ccQ0HkwQ
We have been conducting these workshop to help aspirants get their Sociology related doubts resolved in a live session with Shekhar Sir
here is the link of today's workshop
*Sociology Workshop For 2027 – 22 Nov 6PM LINKS*
Zoom: https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_bHu2DfijSCGWe5ccQ0HkwQ