Forwarded from Ayush Raina UPSC (Mains Polity IR )
PIB Question 3
Regarding the India-Australia Civil Nuclear Cooperation, consider the following statements:
1)The arrangement allows for the long-term export of Australian uranium to India strictly under IAEA safeguards.
2)Australia currently holds more than 33% of the world's uranium resources.
3)India currently runs its Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) primarily on enriched uranium.
Regarding the India-Australia Civil Nuclear Cooperation, consider the following statements:
1)The arrangement allows for the long-term export of Australian uranium to India strictly under IAEA safeguards.
2)Australia currently holds more than 33% of the world's uranium resources.
3)India currently runs its Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) primarily on enriched uranium.
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Forwarded from Ayush Raina UPSC (Mains Polity IR )
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
32%
1 and 2 only
20%
2 and 3 only
17%
1 only
31%
1, 2, and 3
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Day 3 of 30
Prelims Sleepy Series 2026
100 questions - 30 days.
Like always we will first try to analyse the options..
In Jainism, a soul (Jiva) wanders through the cycle of Samsara across four specific realms until it achieves liberation (Moksha).
(a) Deva (gods):
This is the Deva Gati (heavenly realm).
It is one of the four main forms.
(c) Manushya (humans):
This is the Manushya Gati (human realm).
It is one of the four main forms, and crucially, the only realm from which liberation can be directly attained.
(d) Tiryancha (animals and plants):
This is the Tiryancha Gati (sub-human realm, including animals, plants, and microorganisms).
It is one of the four main forms.
The Missing 4th Gati:
For your notes, the actual fourth realm is "Naraki" the hellish beings residing in the hells.
Prelims Sleepy Series 2026
100 questions - 30 days.
Like always we will first try to analyse the options..
In Jainism, a soul (Jiva) wanders through the cycle of Samsara across four specific realms until it achieves liberation (Moksha).
(a) Deva (gods):
This is the Deva Gati (heavenly realm).
It is one of the four main forms.
(c) Manushya (humans):
This is the Manushya Gati (human realm).
It is one of the four main forms, and crucially, the only realm from which liberation can be directly attained.
(d) Tiryancha (animals and plants):
This is the Tiryancha Gati (sub-human realm, including animals, plants, and microorganisms).
It is one of the four main forms.
The Missing 4th Gati:
For your notes, the actual fourth realm is "Naraki" the hellish beings residing in the hells.
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Sleepy Classes IAS
Day 3 of 30 Prelims Sleepy Series 2026 100 questions - 30 days. Like always we will first try to analyse the options.. In Jainism, a soul (Jiva) wanders through the cycle of Samsara across four specific realms until it achieves liberation (Moksha). (a)…
The Correct Answer:
(b) Yaksha (demi-gods)
The Eliminator is that while Yakshas and Yakshinis (like Padmavati or Ambika) are widely worshipped in Jainism as guardian deities (Shasan Devatas).
They do not constitute a separate, fundamental realm of existence.
Technically, Jain cosmology classifies Yakshas under Vyantara Devas (interstitial gods) making them a subclass of the Deva Gati, not a primary category of existence themselves.
Exam Temperament Takeaway is that when dealing with ancient Indian philosophy, focus on enumerations (the 4 Gatis, the 8 Fold Path, the 3 Ratnas).
(b) Yaksha (demi-gods)
The Eliminator is that while Yakshas and Yakshinis (like Padmavati or Ambika) are widely worshipped in Jainism as guardian deities (Shasan Devatas).
They do not constitute a separate, fundamental realm of existence.
Technically, Jain cosmology classifies Yakshas under Vyantara Devas (interstitial gods) making them a subclass of the Deva Gati, not a primary category of existence themselves.
Exam Temperament Takeaway is that when dealing with ancient Indian philosophy, focus on enumerations (the 4 Gatis, the 8 Fold Path, the 3 Ratnas).
👍4❤2
Sleepy Classes IAS
Photo
Goal is to determine if the integer x is even.
Step 1:
Analyze Statement I alone
Statement I: x^2y^2 is even.
If the square of a product is even, the product itself (xy) must be even.
For the product of two integers to be even, at least one of them must be even.
Let's test this:
Case 1: x = 2 (even), y = 3 (odd). The product x^2y^2 = 4 × 9 = 36 (even).
Here, x is even.
Case 2: x = 3 (odd), y = 2 (even).
The product x^2y^2 = 9 × 4 = 36 (even).
Here, x is odd.
Since x could be either even or odd, Statement I alone is not sufficient.
Step 2:
Analyze Statement II alone
Statement II: 1 + x^2 + y^2 is odd.
We know that 1 is an odd number.
The rule for addition is:
Odd + Even = Odd.
Therefore, for the entire expression (1 + x^2 + y^2) to be odd, the sum of (x^2 + y^2) must be even.
For the sum of two squares to be even, they must be either both even or both odd.
Case 1 (Both Even): x = 2, y = 4.
Then 1 + 4 + 16 = 21 (odd).
Here, x is even.
Case 2 (Both Odd):
x = 3, y = 5.
Then 1 + 9 + 25 = 35 (odd).
Here, x is odd.
Since x could be either even or odd, Statement II alone is not sufficient.
Step 3:
Combine Both Statements
Let's use the information from both statements together:
From Statement I: At least one number (x or y) is even.
From Statement II: Both numbers must be the same type (either both are even, or both are odd).
Conclusion: If they must both be the same type, AND at least one of them has to be even, then they must both be even.
Because we can definitively say that x is even when using both pieces of information together, the question is solved.
Final Answer:
You should select option (c):
The question can be answered using both the statements together, but cannot be answered using either statement alone.
Step 1:
Analyze Statement I alone
Statement I: x^2y^2 is even.
If the square of a product is even, the product itself (xy) must be even.
For the product of two integers to be even, at least one of them must be even.
Let's test this:
Case 1: x = 2 (even), y = 3 (odd). The product x^2y^2 = 4 × 9 = 36 (even).
Here, x is even.
Case 2: x = 3 (odd), y = 2 (even).
The product x^2y^2 = 9 × 4 = 36 (even).
Here, x is odd.
Since x could be either even or odd, Statement I alone is not sufficient.
Step 2:
Analyze Statement II alone
Statement II: 1 + x^2 + y^2 is odd.
We know that 1 is an odd number.
The rule for addition is:
Odd + Even = Odd.
Therefore, for the entire expression (1 + x^2 + y^2) to be odd, the sum of (x^2 + y^2) must be even.
For the sum of two squares to be even, they must be either both even or both odd.
Case 1 (Both Even): x = 2, y = 4.
Then 1 + 4 + 16 = 21 (odd).
Here, x is even.
Case 2 (Both Odd):
x = 3, y = 5.
Then 1 + 9 + 25 = 35 (odd).
Here, x is odd.
Since x could be either even or odd, Statement II alone is not sufficient.
Step 3:
Combine Both Statements
Let's use the information from both statements together:
From Statement I: At least one number (x or y) is even.
From Statement II: Both numbers must be the same type (either both are even, or both are odd).
Conclusion: If they must both be the same type, AND at least one of them has to be even, then they must both be even.
Because we can definitively say that x is even when using both pieces of information together, the question is solved.
Final Answer:
You should select option (c):
The question can be answered using both the statements together, but cannot be answered using either statement alone.
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Forwarded from Upscale with Kuber Sir
Which action by a District Magistrate best demonstrates 'Empathy'?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
Denying aid strictly based on missing documents.
11%
Giving a petitioner money from their own pocket.
75%
Grasping a farmer's perspective and easing hurdles.
9%
Delegating all emotional cases to subordinates.
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Sach Sach Batana Doston..UPSC Journey mai Sabse Jyada kya miss karte ho?
Anonymous Poll
27%
Doston ke Saath Time
14%
Family Functions..
13%
Guilt Free Netflix..
23%
Neeend..
56%
Account Mai Paise..
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𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝗥𝗲𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗿𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗱𝗲?
It is an experimental, next-generation obesity and diabetes drug.
Unlike older medications, it is unique because it targets THREE different hormone receptors simultaneously (GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon) to suppress appetite and improve insulin secretion.
𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮
The numbers are unprecedented. In a Phase 3 clinical trial, patients on the highest dose (12mg) lost an average of 28.3% of their body weight over an 80-week period.
𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲-𝗼𝗳𝗳𝘀 & 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝗻𝘀
It is not without side effects.
Aside from gastrointestinal issues, trials showed occurrences of 'dysesthesia' (an abnormal sense of touch or tingling) in 5.1% to 12.5% of participants.
Rapid weight loss also triggered muscle loss and body image challenges for patients.
It is an experimental, next-generation obesity and diabetes drug.
Unlike older medications, it is unique because it targets THREE different hormone receptors simultaneously (GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon) to suppress appetite and improve insulin secretion.
𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮
The numbers are unprecedented. In a Phase 3 clinical trial, patients on the highest dose (12mg) lost an average of 28.3% of their body weight over an 80-week period.
𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲-𝗼𝗳𝗳𝘀 & 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿𝗻𝘀
It is not without side effects.
Aside from gastrointestinal issues, trials showed occurrences of 'dysesthesia' (an abnormal sense of touch or tingling) in 5.1% to 12.5% of participants.
Rapid weight loss also triggered muscle loss and body image challenges for patients.
👍4❤1
Forwarded from Geography With Shradha
What is the primary compositional factor that allows a Composite Volcano to grow into a tall, steep-sided cone?
Anonymous Quiz
18%
High temperature of magma
50%
High viscosity of Lava
20%
Low Silica Content
11%
Absence of pyroclastics
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Sleepy Classes IAS
Hi all, Today is Day 5 of our CSAT PYQ series. We alternate between Quant, LR and RC questions One day at a time Today we have an LR seating arrangement question. Try to solve it Solutions will be given later today.
Step 1: Determine the connected blocks of people
"Both P and R are adjacent to Q"
Means they must sit in the order
P-Q-R or R-Q-P.
"Both T and R are adjacent to S"
Means they must sit in the order
T-S-R or R-S-T.
Since R is common to both groups, we can merge them into a single 5-person block:
P-Q-R-S-T or T-S-R-Q-P.
Step 2: Find the clockwise direction
The problem states:
"If while going in the clockwise direction around the table from P, one meets R before T..."
Let's test our two possible blocks:
If the clockwise order is T-S-R-Q-P, starting from P and going clockwise means wrapping around to the front, meeting T first, then S, then R.
This violates the condition.
If the clockwise order is P-Q-R-S-T, starting from P we meet Q, then R, then S, then T.
Here, R is met before T.
This matches the condition perfectly.
So, the correct clockwise sequence for these five seats is P, Q, R, S, T.
Step 3: Place the remaining people
Let's assign seat numbers 1 through 8 in a clockwise circle:
Seat 1: P
Seat 2: Q
Seat 3: R
Seat 4: S
Seat 5: T
"S and W are on opposite chairs."
In an 8-person circle, the opposite seat is exactly 4 spots away.
Opposite to seat 4 (S) is seat 8.
Seat 8: W
"Both U and W are adjacent to V."
This means V must be between U and W
(forming U-V-W or W-V-U).
Since seat 8 is occupied by W, and seat 1 is occupied by P,
V cannot go to seat 1.
Therefore, V must sit at seat 7, making U sit at seat 6.
Seat 6: U
Seat 7: V
Final Clockwise Arrangement:
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Step 4: Answer the question
The question asks:
"How many persons shall Q cross while moving in the clockwise direction around the table before meeting W?"
Starting at Q (seat 2) and moving clockwise to W (seat 8),
Q will cross the following people:
R (seat 3)
S (seat 4)
T (seat 5)
U (seat 6)
V (seat 7)
That is a total of 5 persons.
The correct option is (a).
"Both P and R are adjacent to Q"
Means they must sit in the order
P-Q-R or R-Q-P.
"Both T and R are adjacent to S"
Means they must sit in the order
T-S-R or R-S-T.
Since R is common to both groups, we can merge them into a single 5-person block:
P-Q-R-S-T or T-S-R-Q-P.
Step 2: Find the clockwise direction
The problem states:
"If while going in the clockwise direction around the table from P, one meets R before T..."
Let's test our two possible blocks:
If the clockwise order is T-S-R-Q-P, starting from P and going clockwise means wrapping around to the front, meeting T first, then S, then R.
This violates the condition.
If the clockwise order is P-Q-R-S-T, starting from P we meet Q, then R, then S, then T.
Here, R is met before T.
This matches the condition perfectly.
So, the correct clockwise sequence for these five seats is P, Q, R, S, T.
Step 3: Place the remaining people
Let's assign seat numbers 1 through 8 in a clockwise circle:
Seat 1: P
Seat 2: Q
Seat 3: R
Seat 4: S
Seat 5: T
"S and W are on opposite chairs."
In an 8-person circle, the opposite seat is exactly 4 spots away.
Opposite to seat 4 (S) is seat 8.
Seat 8: W
"Both U and W are adjacent to V."
This means V must be between U and W
(forming U-V-W or W-V-U).
Since seat 8 is occupied by W, and seat 1 is occupied by P,
V cannot go to seat 1.
Therefore, V must sit at seat 7, making U sit at seat 6.
Seat 6: U
Seat 7: V
Final Clockwise Arrangement:
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Step 4: Answer the question
The question asks:
"How many persons shall Q cross while moving in the clockwise direction around the table before meeting W?"
Starting at Q (seat 2) and moving clockwise to W (seat 8),
Q will cross the following people:
R (seat 3)
S (seat 4)
T (seat 5)
U (seat 6)
V (seat 7)
That is a total of 5 persons.
The correct option is (a).
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Day 4 of 30
Prelims Sleepy Series 2026
The question asks us to identify the correct comparative statement regarding the Eka Movement and the Bardoli Satyagraha.
In Bardoli Sardar Patel is leading landowning peasants in Gujarat against the British Government.
In Eka there is Peasant uprising in the Awadh (UP) region against oppressive local landlords.
Analyzing the Options:
(b) The Eka Movement was provided leadership by the taluqdars.
Logically absurd.
Taluqdars were the wealthy landlords in Awadh.
A peasant movement does not get led by the very oppressors they are rebelling against.
Cross it out in five seconds.
(a) The Eka Movement was throughout supported and organized by the Congress.
You know the Gandhian Congress strictly abandoned movements that turned violent or went outside their organized structure.
The Eka movement rapidly militarized under grassroots leaders like Madari Pasi.
Congress inevitably dropped support.
Cross it out.
Prelims Sleepy Series 2026
The question asks us to identify the correct comparative statement regarding the Eka Movement and the Bardoli Satyagraha.
In Bardoli Sardar Patel is leading landowning peasants in Gujarat against the British Government.
In Eka there is Peasant uprising in the Awadh (UP) region against oppressive local landlords.
Analyzing the Options:
(b) The Eka Movement was provided leadership by the taluqdars.
Logically absurd.
Taluqdars were the wealthy landlords in Awadh.
A peasant movement does not get led by the very oppressors they are rebelling against.
Cross it out in five seconds.
(a) The Eka Movement was throughout supported and organized by the Congress.
You know the Gandhian Congress strictly abandoned movements that turned violent or went outside their organized structure.
The Eka movement rapidly militarized under grassroots leaders like Madari Pasi.
Congress inevitably dropped support.
Cross it out.
❤4👍1
Sleepy Classes IAS
Day 4 of 30 Prelims Sleepy Series 2026 The question asks us to identify the correct comparative statement regarding the Eka Movement and the Bardoli Satyagraha. In Bardoli Sardar Patel is leading landowning peasants in Gujarat against the British Government.…
(d) Geography check (Varanasi vs. Saurashtra):
Even if you vaguely know Eka was in Awadh (central UP, not eastern Varanasi) or that Bardoli is near Surat (South Gujarat, not the Saurashtra peninsula), geography can get blurry under stress.
You can decipher this..
The Correct Answer:
(c) The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against the enhancement of land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive extraction of rents.
This is where basic land tenure logic saves you.
Gujarat (Bardoli) was a Ryotwari area.
There were no middlemen.
The peasants paid Revenue directly to the State (British).
Hence, they fought the State's revenue hike.
Awadh (Eka) was a Zamindari/Taluqdari area.
The peasants paid Rent to the landlord, who then paid revenue to the State.
Hence, the peasants were fighting the landlords over illegal rent extraction.
Exam Temperament Takeaway is that,
When evaluating peasant or tribal movements, do not try to memorize them as isolated stories.
Map them directly to the Land Tenure System of their region.
Identify the System, Is the movement in a Ryotwari, Mahalwari, or Zamindari region?
In Ryotwari, the enemy is the State (Revenue). In Zamindari, the immediate enemy is the Landlord (Rent).
This was a relatively doable question in the 2026 Prelims.
Even if you vaguely know Eka was in Awadh (central UP, not eastern Varanasi) or that Bardoli is near Surat (South Gujarat, not the Saurashtra peninsula), geography can get blurry under stress.
You can decipher this..
The Correct Answer:
(c) The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against the enhancement of land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive extraction of rents.
This is where basic land tenure logic saves you.
Gujarat (Bardoli) was a Ryotwari area.
There were no middlemen.
The peasants paid Revenue directly to the State (British).
Hence, they fought the State's revenue hike.
Awadh (Eka) was a Zamindari/Taluqdari area.
The peasants paid Rent to the landlord, who then paid revenue to the State.
Hence, the peasants were fighting the landlords over illegal rent extraction.
Exam Temperament Takeaway is that,
When evaluating peasant or tribal movements, do not try to memorize them as isolated stories.
Map them directly to the Land Tenure System of their region.
Identify the System, Is the movement in a Ryotwari, Mahalwari, or Zamindari region?
In Ryotwari, the enemy is the State (Revenue). In Zamindari, the immediate enemy is the Landlord (Rent).
This was a relatively doable question in the 2026 Prelims.
👍6❤3
The question asks for the underlying rationale of the British Government in adopting an "artificially fixed" exchange rate.
You likely remember two fragments.
First, Hilton-Young is tied to currency and the eventual creation of the RBI.
Second, the British always manipulated the Rupee to be "overvalued" against Sterling.
That is all the baseline data you need to solve this.
Analyzing the Options (The Elimination Process):
(b) Providing support to Indian importers & (c) Encouraging export of cotton produce from India:
The immediate reaction is that, Your brain should instantly reject these.
The British colonial state did not engineer macroeconomic policy to benefit the Indian domestic market or indigenous industries.
Furthermore, basic economics tells you an artificially high currency crushes exports.
Cross both out within ten seconds.
You likely remember two fragments.
First, Hilton-Young is tied to currency and the eventual creation of the RBI.
Second, the British always manipulated the Rupee to be "overvalued" against Sterling.
That is all the baseline data you need to solve this.
Analyzing the Options (The Elimination Process):
(b) Providing support to Indian importers & (c) Encouraging export of cotton produce from India:
The immediate reaction is that, Your brain should instantly reject these.
The British colonial state did not engineer macroeconomic policy to benefit the Indian domestic market or indigenous industries.
Furthermore, basic economics tells you an artificially high currency crushes exports.
Cross both out within ten seconds.
👍2❤1
Sleepy Classes IAS
The question asks for the underlying rationale of the British Government in adopting an "artificially fixed" exchange rate. You likely remember two fragments. First, Hilton-Young is tied to currency and the eventual creation of the RBI. Second, the British…
(d) Preventing depreciation of the Rupee in terms of gold:
The hesitation is that this sounds academically plausible.
But remember the core motive of colonial rule.
They weren't managing currency just for abstract gold stability
They were managing it for extraction.
Keep this on hold, but look for a stronger operational motive.
The Correct Answer:
(a) Aiding the flow of remittances from India and maintaining India's creditworthiness.
The Synthesis: Connect the phrase "artificially fixed" to the most fundamental theme of Modern Indian History and The Drain of Wealth.
The British administration had to send massive "Home Charges" (pensions, civil servant salaries, debt interest) back to London every year.
By keeping the Rupee artificially strong, it cost the colonial government far fewer Rupees to buy the Sterling they needed to drain out of the country.
Exam Temperament Takeaway is that
When your factual memory inevitably hits a wall on specific committees or dates, default immediately to Sovereign Structural Logic.
Identify the Motive that is Wealth extraction (Home Charges/Remittances).
Apply the logic, If the State needs to send money back to London, they will manipulate the exchange rate so the local taxes they collect buy more British Sterling.
In the heat of the exam, you don't need to be an economic historian.
You simply need to recognize that colonial monetary policy was a mechanical weapon for remittances.
Eliminate any option that suggests benevolence (helping Indian exports/imports) and bet heavily on the mechanics of extraction.
The hesitation is that this sounds academically plausible.
But remember the core motive of colonial rule.
They weren't managing currency just for abstract gold stability
They were managing it for extraction.
Keep this on hold, but look for a stronger operational motive.
The Correct Answer:
(a) Aiding the flow of remittances from India and maintaining India's creditworthiness.
The Synthesis: Connect the phrase "artificially fixed" to the most fundamental theme of Modern Indian History and The Drain of Wealth.
The British administration had to send massive "Home Charges" (pensions, civil servant salaries, debt interest) back to London every year.
By keeping the Rupee artificially strong, it cost the colonial government far fewer Rupees to buy the Sterling they needed to drain out of the country.
Exam Temperament Takeaway is that
When your factual memory inevitably hits a wall on specific committees or dates, default immediately to Sovereign Structural Logic.
Identify the Motive that is Wealth extraction (Home Charges/Remittances).
Apply the logic, If the State needs to send money back to London, they will manipulate the exchange rate so the local taxes they collect buy more British Sterling.
In the heat of the exam, you don't need to be an economic historian.
You simply need to recognize that colonial monetary policy was a mechanical weapon for remittances.
Eliminate any option that suggests benevolence (helping Indian exports/imports) and bet heavily on the mechanics of extraction.
❤4👍4
Hi all, What is your opinion on the Prelims Sleepy Series 2026
Anonymous Poll
11%
The text is too long. No need to analyse options and all, I can't read this much on telegram
11%
Just give the answer with a short explanation (TLDR)
21%
Atleast organize the questions in some way, don't just cover all 100..Randomly.
11%
This series adds no value as it's all AI generated
45%
This series is very helpful so continue it as it is
16%
Prelims is sorted..kuch mains ka initiative lao..
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Attention Sociology Optional Aspirants UPSC Mains 2026
The 2nd leg of our Sociology Mains Revision Marathon is here.
Tomorrow, 17th July | 11 AM onwards
In our 1st leg on 10th July, we covered the entire Sociology Paper 1 in just 9.5 hours.
This time, we take on Paper 2.
If you're serious about scoring high in Sociology, this is the session you can't afford to miss.
See you there.
https://courses.sleepyclasses.com/learn/2-Day-Sociology-Masterclass
The 2nd leg of our Sociology Mains Revision Marathon is here.
Tomorrow, 17th July | 11 AM onwards
In our 1st leg on 10th July, we covered the entire Sociology Paper 1 in just 9.5 hours.
This time, we take on Paper 2.
If you're serious about scoring high in Sociology, this is the session you can't afford to miss.
See you there.
https://courses.sleepyclasses.com/learn/2-Day-Sociology-Masterclass
👍3❤1
Sleepy Classes IAS
Hi all, Today is the Day 6 of our CSAT PYQs series We have a Pure Quant Question today. Try to solve it. Solutions will be given later today
Solution of today's CSAT Question.
React 👍 if you like the handwritten solution better.
React 👍 if you like the handwritten solution better.
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