4. Grasp Reflex (Palmar and Plantar):
• Palmar Grasp:
• Stimulus: Placing a finger or object in the baby's palm.
• Response: The baby will tightly grasp the object.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 3-6 months.
• Plantar Grasp:
• Stimulus: Touching the sole of the baby's foot, near the toes.
• Response: The baby's toes will curl inward.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 9-12 months.
• Purpose: Believed to be a holdover from primate ancestors.
• Palmar Grasp:
• Stimulus: Placing a finger or object in the baby's palm.
• Response: The baby will tightly grasp the object.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 3-6 months.
• Plantar Grasp:
• Stimulus: Touching the sole of the baby's foot, near the toes.
• Response: The baby's toes will curl inward.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 9-12 months.
• Purpose: Believed to be a holdover from primate ancestors.
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5. Tonic Neck Reflex (Fencer Position):
• Stimulus: Gently turning the baby's head to one side while they are lying on their back.
• Response: The arm and leg on the side the head is turned toward will extend, while the arm and leg on the opposite side will flex into a bent position.
• Purpose: May help develop hand-eye coordination.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 4-6 months.
• Stimulus: Gently turning the baby's head to one side while they are lying on their back.
• Response: The arm and leg on the side the head is turned toward will extend, while the arm and leg on the opposite side will flex into a bent position.
• Purpose: May help develop hand-eye coordination.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 4-6 months.
6. Stepping Reflex (Walking or Placing Reflex):
• Stimulus: Holding the baby upright with their feet touching a flat surface.
• Response: The baby will appear to make walking or stepping movements.
• Purpose: A precursor to walking, but not actual walking itself.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 2-3 months.
• Stimulus: Holding the baby upright with their feet touching a flat surface.
• Response: The baby will appear to make walking or stepping movements.
• Purpose: A precursor to walking, but not actual walking itself.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 2-3 months.
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7. Babinski Reflex:
• Stimulus: Gently stroking the sole of the baby's foot from heel to toe.
• Response: The baby's big toe will extend upward and the other toes will fan out.
• Purpose: An indicator of neurological function.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 12-24 months.
• Stimulus: Gently stroking the sole of the baby's foot from heel to toe.
• Response: The baby's big toe will extend upward and the other toes will fan out.
• Purpose: An indicator of neurological function.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 12-24 months.
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8. Galant Reflex (Trunk Incurvation):
• Stimulus: Stroking the baby's back along one side of the spine while the baby is lying face down.
• Response: The baby's back will curve towards the side that was stroked.
• Purpose: Thought to help with birth and potentially for later movement.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 3-9 months.
• Stimulus: Stroking the baby's back along one side of the spine while the baby is lying face down.
• Response: The baby's back will curve towards the side that was stroked.
• Purpose: Thought to help with birth and potentially for later movement.
• Typical Disappearance: Around 3-9 months.
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Nursing Study pinned «Neonatal reflexes are automatic, involuntary movements that are present in newborns. These reflexes are crucial for survival in the first few months of life and help assess the neurological health and development of the baby. They are typically controlled…»
The nursing process is utilized to:
Anonymous Quiz
51%
a) Provide a systemic, organized and comprehensive approach to meeting the needs of clients.
17%
b) Encourage the family to make decisions regarding patient's care.
17%
c) Increase involvement of allied healthcare professionals in decision-making
15%
d) None of the above
1. What is the primary mode of malaria transmission?
Anonymous Quiz
7%
A. Blood transfusion
2%
B. Congenital transmission
86%
C. Bite of infected female Anopheles mosquito
5%
D. Needle stick injury
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2. Which Plasmodium species is zoonotic?
Anonymous Quiz
24%
A. Plasmodium falciparum
27%
B. Plasmodium vivax
34%
C. Plasmodium knowlesi
15%
D. Plasmodium ovale
😱3❤1
3. What is the recommended method for confirming malaria diagnosis?
Anonymous Quiz
22%
A. Clinical diagnosis
46%
B. Parasitological diagnosis
10%
C. Radiological diagnosis
21%
D. Serological diagnosis
4. Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of uncomplicated malaria?
Anonymous Quiz
25%
A. Fever
22%
B. Joint and muscle pain
39%
C. Severe anemia
14%
D. Loss of appetite
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5. What is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria?
Anonymous Quiz
23%
A. Chloroquine (CQ)
54%
B. Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL)
17%
C. Primaquine (PQ)
7%
D. Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHA-PPQ)
6. Which drug is used for radical cure of P. vivax malaria?
Anonymous Quiz
16%
A. Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL)
41%
B. Chloroquine (CQ)
31%
C. Primaquine (PQ)
12%
D. Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHA-PPQ)
7. What is the recommended treatment for mixed malaria infection (P. falciparum and P. vivax)?
Anonymous Quiz
14%
A. AL + single dose PQ
27%
B. CQ + PQ for 14 days
46%
C. AL + PQ for 14 days
12%
D. DHA-PPQ
8. When is second-line treatment for malaria used?
Anonymous Quiz
14%
A. When first-line treatment is not available
17%
B. During treatment failure
16%
C. When first-line drugs are contraindicated
53%
D. All of the above
9. What is the second-line treatment for both P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria?
Anonymous Quiz
31%
A. Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL)
34%
B. Chloroquine (CQ)
23%
C. Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHA-PPQ)
12%
D. Primaquine (PQ)
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10. What is the recommended dose of paracetamol for fever control in children?
Anonymous Quiz
38%
A. 10 mg/kg every 6 hours
27%
B. 15 mg/kg every 4 hours
18%
C. 20 mg/kg every 8 hours
17%
D. 25 mg/kg every 12 hours
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