#2MinRead #Art_n_Culture
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
- founded in 1861
- by Alexander Cunningham( Father of Indian Archaeology)
- under the Ministry of Culture
- premier organization for the archaeological research and protection of the cultural heritage of the nation.
Functions
- surveys of antiquarian remains
- exploration and excavation of archaeological sites
- conservation and maintenance of protected monuments etc.
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
- founded in 1861
- by Alexander Cunningham( Father of Indian Archaeology)
- under the Ministry of Culture
- premier organization for the archaeological research and protection of the cultural heritage of the nation.
Functions
- surveys of antiquarian remains
- exploration and excavation of archaeological sites
- conservation and maintenance of protected monuments etc.
#Prelims2021 #2MinRead
Asian Development Bank
Recently, ADB & India signed $270 million loan to improve urban services in Madhya Pradesh small cities.
- a regional development bank.
- established in 1966.
- HQ - Manila, Philippines.
- official United Nations Observer.
- Members - 68 (49 from Asia)
admits the members of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific and non-regional developed countries.
Voting
similar to World Bank, weighted voting system (votes are in proportion with members’ capital subscriptions)
Asian Development Bank
Recently, ADB & India signed $270 million loan to improve urban services in Madhya Pradesh small cities.
- a regional development bank.
- established in 1966.
- HQ - Manila, Philippines.
- official United Nations Observer.
- Members - 68 (49 from Asia)
admits the members of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific and non-regional developed countries.
Voting
similar to World Bank, weighted voting system (votes are in proportion with members’ capital subscriptions)
#PT2021 #2MinRead
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
- established in 1999
- to facilitate the implementation of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR).
- HQ - Geneva, Switzerland.
- Aims at coordination of disaster reduction and to ensure synergies among the disaster reduction activities.
- It is an organisational unit of the UN Secretariat
- acts as the custodian of the Sendai Framework (India is a signatory).
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
- established in 1999
- to facilitate the implementation of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR).
- HQ - Geneva, Switzerland.
- Aims at coordination of disaster reduction and to ensure synergies among the disaster reduction activities.
- It is an organisational unit of the UN Secretariat
- acts as the custodian of the Sendai Framework (India is a signatory).
#2MinRead #PT2021 #Facts4Mains
National Authority for Recycling of Ships.
News:
Recently, Centre has notified the Directorate General of Shipping as the National authority for recycling of ships.
- Under Recycling of Ships Act, 2019.
Roles and functions
- An apex body to administer, supervise and monitor all activities relating to ship recycling in the country.
- It will be a final authority for the various approvals required by the ship-recycling yard owners and state governments.
Hong Kong Convention for Ship Recycling:
- under International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2009
- for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships
- India is a signatory.
National Authority for Recycling of Ships.
News:
Recently, Centre has notified the Directorate General of Shipping as the National authority for recycling of ships.
- Under Recycling of Ships Act, 2019.
Roles and functions
- An apex body to administer, supervise and monitor all activities relating to ship recycling in the country.
- It will be a final authority for the various approvals required by the ship-recycling yard owners and state governments.
Hong Kong Convention for Ship Recycling:
- under International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2009
- for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships
- India is a signatory.
#2minRead #IR_InNews #Pre-cum-Mains
G-20 Summit 2020
In News: Recently held virtually, India called for a “New Global Index” for the post-Corona world.
- It is an Informal group of 19 countries and the EU with representatives of the IMF and WB.
New Global Index will be based on 4 pillars:
1.Talent
2.Technology
3.Transparency
4.Trusteeship towards the planet.
- 2020 hosted by Saudi Arabia.
Key topics discussed:
- Talent
- Technology
- Transparency
- Trusteeship
Future meetings
1. Italy in 2021
2.Indonesia in 2022
3.India in 2023
4.Brazil in 2024.
India's Initiatives for Lowering Emissions
- Infrastructure
- PushProducing Clean Energy
- International Solar Alliance (ISA).
- Combat Desertification
- Clean Air & Water
G-20 Summit 2020
In News: Recently held virtually, India called for a “New Global Index” for the post-Corona world.
- It is an Informal group of 19 countries and the EU with representatives of the IMF and WB.
New Global Index will be based on 4 pillars:
1.Talent
2.Technology
3.Transparency
4.Trusteeship towards the planet.
- 2020 hosted by Saudi Arabia.
Key topics discussed:
- Talent
- Technology
- Transparency
- Trusteeship
Future meetings
1. Italy in 2021
2.Indonesia in 2022
3.India in 2023
4.Brazil in 2024.
India's Initiatives for Lowering Emissions
- Infrastructure
- PushProducing Clean Energy
- International Solar Alliance (ISA).
- Combat Desertification
- Clean Air & Water
#2minRead #pre-cum-Mains
National Nutrition Mission
In News: The NITI Aayog has released “Accelerating Progress on Nutrition in India: What Will It Take”.
- 3rd progress report on the National Nutrition Mission
- Launched in 2018
- Aim: To improve nutritional outcomes for children, pregnant women and lactating mothers.
- Supported by NITI Aayog
- Funds: 50% from World Bank (or multi-developer bank) & 50% from Centre.
Key points of Report:
- Takes stock of the roll-out status on the ground and implementation challenges
- Deepening poverty and hunger may delay due to pandemic
- Use of large-scale datasets
(These datasets are the NFHS-4 and Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey)
National Nutrition Mission
In News: The NITI Aayog has released “Accelerating Progress on Nutrition in India: What Will It Take”.
- 3rd progress report on the National Nutrition Mission
- Launched in 2018
- Aim: To improve nutritional outcomes for children, pregnant women and lactating mothers.
- Supported by NITI Aayog
- Funds: 50% from World Bank (or multi-developer bank) & 50% from Centre.
Key points of Report:
- Takes stock of the roll-out status on the ground and implementation challenges
- Deepening poverty and hunger may delay due to pandemic
- Use of large-scale datasets
(These datasets are the NFHS-4 and Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey)
#2minRead #Pre-cum-Mains
PRAGATI Meeting
In News: Recently, the Prime Minister (PM) has chaired the 33rd PRAGATI meeting.
- Multimodal platform for Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation.
- Launched in 2015
- It is a three-tier system
1. PMO
2.Union Government Secretaries
3. Chief Secretaries of the States
Objective:
1. Grievance Redressal
2. Programme Implementation
3. Project Monitoring
Significance:
1. It promotes cooperative federalism
2. Bringing e-transparency and e-accountability.
3. Bring e-governance and good governance.
PRAGATI Meeting
In News: Recently, the Prime Minister (PM) has chaired the 33rd PRAGATI meeting.
- Multimodal platform for Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation.
- Launched in 2015
- It is a three-tier system
1. PMO
2.Union Government Secretaries
3. Chief Secretaries of the States
Objective:
1. Grievance Redressal
2. Programme Implementation
3. Project Monitoring
Significance:
1. It promotes cooperative federalism
2. Bringing e-transparency and e-accountability.
3. Bring e-governance and good governance.
#2minRead #Pre-cum Mains
Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Rules, 2020
Implemented since 10th January 2020
Aim
It seeks to recognize the identity of transgender and prohibit discrimination in various fields.
Background:
In 2014, National Legal Services Authority versus Union of India established the foundation.
Key Features:
- It prohibits the discrimination of transgender persons at educational establishments etc.
- Certificate of Identity
- Equal Opportunity Policy
- Complaint Officer
- Transgender Protection Cell
- Welfare schemes
- Medical Care Facilities
- National Council for Transgender Persons
- Offences and Penalties
Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Rules, 2020
Implemented since 10th January 2020
Aim
It seeks to recognize the identity of transgender and prohibit discrimination in various fields.
Background:
In 2014, National Legal Services Authority versus Union of India established the foundation.
Key Features:
- It prohibits the discrimination of transgender persons at educational establishments etc.
- Certificate of Identity
- Equal Opportunity Policy
- Complaint Officer
- Transgender Protection Cell
- Welfare schemes
- Medical Care Facilities
- National Council for Transgender Persons
- Offences and Penalties
#2MinRead #Pre-cum Mains
India’s First Train on electrified route
In News: Recently, the Minister of Railways has inaugurated the newly electrified Dhigawdara-Bandikui section of North Western Railway.
Route from Dhigawara station in Alwar District, Rajasthan.
Current Electrification:
- Target till December 2023
More than 66% of the Broad gauge route has already been electrified
- Railways recorded a 371% increase in electrification during 2014-20 period
Benefits:
1. Speed will increase
2. Enhancing line capacity due to higher speed and higher haulage capacity.
3. Safety: Improved signaling system
4. Less Financial Burden: 50% cheaper
5. Seamless Movement due to higher acceleration and braking features
6. Employment Generation
7. Energy bill savings
Sustainability
India’s First Train on electrified route
In News: Recently, the Minister of Railways has inaugurated the newly electrified Dhigawdara-Bandikui section of North Western Railway.
Route from Dhigawara station in Alwar District, Rajasthan.
Current Electrification:
- Target till December 2023
More than 66% of the Broad gauge route has already been electrified
- Railways recorded a 371% increase in electrification during 2014-20 period
Benefits:
1. Speed will increase
2. Enhancing line capacity due to higher speed and higher haulage capacity.
3. Safety: Improved signaling system
4. Less Financial Burden: 50% cheaper
5. Seamless Movement due to higher acceleration and braking features
6. Employment Generation
7. Energy bill savings
Sustainability
#2MinRead #Pre-cum Mains
UP Unlawful Religious Conversion Prohibition Ordinance, 2020
In News: UP government has recently passed this ordinance
Key Points:
- Conversion for marriage a non-bailable offence.
- The notice period to the District Magistrate for conversion is 2 month.
- If the purpose is marriage only then no violation case
- Violation leads to
1. Jail term of not less than one year extendable to five years with a fine of Rs. 15,000.
2. If a minor or SC or ST converts:
- The jail term would be a minimum of 3 years to 10 years with a fine of Rs. 25,000.
3. Cancellation of registration of social organizations conducting mass conversions
- Jail term of not less than 3 years to 10 years and a fine of Rs. 50,000.
UP Unlawful Religious Conversion Prohibition Ordinance, 2020
In News: UP government has recently passed this ordinance
Key Points:
- Conversion for marriage a non-bailable offence.
- The notice period to the District Magistrate for conversion is 2 month.
- If the purpose is marriage only then no violation case
- Violation leads to
1. Jail term of not less than one year extendable to five years with a fine of Rs. 15,000.
2. If a minor or SC or ST converts:
- The jail term would be a minimum of 3 years to 10 years with a fine of Rs. 25,000.
3. Cancellation of registration of social organizations conducting mass conversions
- Jail term of not less than 3 years to 10 years and a fine of Rs. 50,000.
#2MinRead #Pre-cum Mains
Information Management and Analysis Centre(IMAC)
In News: The Navy’s IMAC the nodal agency for maritime data fusion will soon become a National Maritime Domain Awareness (NDMA) Centre.
NDMA
- It is defined as all areas and things of, on, under, relating to, adjacent to, or bordering on a sea, ocean.
- It will be a multi-agency centre.
- Provide information on development or movements across the coast.
- This will make sure that any risk, especially transnational can be prevented
IMAC:
- Main center of the Indian Navy for coastal surveillance and monitoring.
- located in Gurugram (Haryana) - Became operational in 2014.
- Joint initiative of Indian Navy, Coast Guard and Bharat Electronics Ltd.
- Functions under the National Security Adviser (NSA).
- It tracks vessels on the high seas and gets data from the coastal radars, white shipping agreements etc.
- Under 'Security and Growth of All in the Region ‘(SAGAR)'.
Information Management and Analysis Centre(IMAC)
In News: The Navy’s IMAC the nodal agency for maritime data fusion will soon become a National Maritime Domain Awareness (NDMA) Centre.
NDMA
- It is defined as all areas and things of, on, under, relating to, adjacent to, or bordering on a sea, ocean.
- It will be a multi-agency centre.
- Provide information on development or movements across the coast.
- This will make sure that any risk, especially transnational can be prevented
IMAC:
- Main center of the Indian Navy for coastal surveillance and monitoring.
- located in Gurugram (Haryana) - Became operational in 2014.
- Joint initiative of Indian Navy, Coast Guard and Bharat Electronics Ltd.
- Functions under the National Security Adviser (NSA).
- It tracks vessels on the high seas and gets data from the coastal radars, white shipping agreements etc.
- Under 'Security and Growth of All in the Region ‘(SAGAR)'.
#2MinRead# IR news-Pre-cum Mains
Cannabis
News: The UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) has decided to remove cannabis and cannabis resin from (most dangerous substances) Schedule IV of 1961 Single
Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
Cannabis: Cannabis is a drug that comes from Indian hemp plants such as Cannabis sativa and
Cannabis indica.
Uses of cannabis:
1. Treating Nausea and vomiting, particularly when associated with chemotherapy
2. Wasting and severe weight loss, in people with HIV/AIDS etc.
Effects of this:
1. It will change the way cannabis is regulated internationally.
2. Will use for medical purpose freely
Current status: Both cannabis and cannabis resin will continue to remain on Schedule I (least dangerous substance).
India’s stand:
1. India has voted with the majority at the United Nations for its removal.
2. Under India’s Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985, the production of cannabis is a punishable offence.
Cannabis
News: The UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) has decided to remove cannabis and cannabis resin from (most dangerous substances) Schedule IV of 1961 Single
Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
Cannabis: Cannabis is a drug that comes from Indian hemp plants such as Cannabis sativa and
Cannabis indica.
Uses of cannabis:
1. Treating Nausea and vomiting, particularly when associated with chemotherapy
2. Wasting and severe weight loss, in people with HIV/AIDS etc.
Effects of this:
1. It will change the way cannabis is regulated internationally.
2. Will use for medical purpose freely
Current status: Both cannabis and cannabis resin will continue to remain on Schedule I (least dangerous substance).
India’s stand:
1. India has voted with the majority at the United Nations for its removal.
2. Under India’s Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985, the production of cannabis is a punishable offence.
Hello Everyone,
We are glad to Relaunch the much awaited
"Prelims Test Series 2021"
Under the Guidance of IPS Sudhir Kekan Sir, who never failed in Prelims.
We strongly believe, these Tests would be a gamechanger for Prelims 2021.
Moreover, Sudhir sir will provide Remark section, discussing the Tricks to solve MCQs.
Further, Explanations of Each MCQs would be #2MinRead format, very precise, so that Quick revisions would be possible.
We are launching these Tests on No Profit No Loss Basis, so that Maximum number of students should be benefited.
Please spread the word.
Price - Only Rs 999 for first 250 Admissions
More Details and Enroll @
https://digicate.in/ias/test-series
Thank you
Team Digicate
We are glad to Relaunch the much awaited
"Prelims Test Series 2021"
Under the Guidance of IPS Sudhir Kekan Sir, who never failed in Prelims.
We strongly believe, these Tests would be a gamechanger for Prelims 2021.
Moreover, Sudhir sir will provide Remark section, discussing the Tricks to solve MCQs.
Further, Explanations of Each MCQs would be #2MinRead format, very precise, so that Quick revisions would be possible.
We are launching these Tests on No Profit No Loss Basis, so that Maximum number of students should be benefited.
Please spread the word.
Price - Only Rs 999 for first 250 Admissions
More Details and Enroll @
https://digicate.in/ias/test-series
Thank you
Team Digicate
#Polity_Basics #PT2021 #2MinRead
Lok Adalats
- to settle dispute through conciliation and compromise.
- First Lok Adalat in 1982(Gujarat)
- accepts the cases pending in the regular courts within their jurisdiction
- presided over by a sitting or retired judicial officer
- Members - a lawyer and a social worker.
Main condition - both parties in dispute should agree for settlement.
- No court fee.
- The procedural laws are not strictly followed
- The decision is binding on the parties and its order is capable of execution through legal process.
- No appeal lies against the order of the Lok Adalat.
Lok Adalats
- to settle dispute through conciliation and compromise.
- First Lok Adalat in 1982(Gujarat)
- accepts the cases pending in the regular courts within their jurisdiction
- presided over by a sitting or retired judicial officer
- Members - a lawyer and a social worker.
Main condition - both parties in dispute should agree for settlement.
- No court fee.
- The procedural laws are not strictly followed
- The decision is binding on the parties and its order is capable of execution through legal process.
- No appeal lies against the order of the Lok Adalat.
#PT2022 #2MinRead
Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA) 2021
- an initiative of the Ministry of Education (MoE)
- to rank all major higher educational institutions in India
- Indicators Used- innovation, start-up and entrepreneurship development among students and faculties.
- Based on parameters such as patent filing and granted, number of registered students and faculty start-ups, fund generation by incubated start-ups, specialised infrastructure created by institutions to promote innovation and entrepreneurship, etc.
Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA) 2021
- an initiative of the Ministry of Education (MoE)
- to rank all major higher educational institutions in India
- Indicators Used- innovation, start-up and entrepreneurship development among students and faculties.
- Based on parameters such as patent filing and granted, number of registered students and faculty start-ups, fund generation by incubated start-ups, specialised infrastructure created by institutions to promote innovation and entrepreneurship, etc.
#PT2022 #2MinRead
Bio-CNG
- purified form of biogas with over 95% pure methane gas.
-It is similar to natural gas in its composition (97% methane) and energy potential.
- produced from agricultural and food-waste.
- environment-friendly alternative to diesel.
- can be used to power automobiles with the same efficiency as fossil fuel CNG.
- It has a high calorific value and can be used in blast furnaces
- It can be converted into electricity.
Bio-CNG
- purified form of biogas with over 95% pure methane gas.
-It is similar to natural gas in its composition (97% methane) and energy potential.
- produced from agricultural and food-waste.
- environment-friendly alternative to diesel.
- can be used to power automobiles with the same efficiency as fossil fuel CNG.
- It has a high calorific value and can be used in blast furnaces
- It can be converted into electricity.
#PT2022 #2MinRead
EWS quota
- 103rd CAA 2019 amended the Articles 15(6) and 16(6) to provide 10% reservation to Economically Weaker Section (EWS) in admission to educational institutions and government jobs.
Criteria for determining EWS reservation
- Persons who are not covered under the reservation for SCs, STs and OBCs
- Family’s gross annual income must be below Rs 8 lakh
- People who own less than 5 acres of agricultural land
- People who have a house but less than 1000 square feet in a town.
- Residential plot of less than 100 sq yards in notified municipalities
- Residential plot of less than 200 sq yards in areas other than the notified municipalities
EWS quota
- 103rd CAA 2019 amended the Articles 15(6) and 16(6) to provide 10% reservation to Economically Weaker Section (EWS) in admission to educational institutions and government jobs.
Criteria for determining EWS reservation
- Persons who are not covered under the reservation for SCs, STs and OBCs
- Family’s gross annual income must be below Rs 8 lakh
- People who own less than 5 acres of agricultural land
- People who have a house but less than 1000 square feet in a town.
- Residential plot of less than 100 sq yards in notified municipalities
- Residential plot of less than 200 sq yards in areas other than the notified municipalities
#PT2022 #2MinRead
Hornbill festival
- to revive, protect, sustain and promote the richness of the Naga heritage and traditions.
- Held Annually - during 1 – 10 December
- organized by State Tourism and Art & Culture Departments and also supported by Union Government.
- Established on 1st December 1963 and was inaugurated by the then President Dr. S Radhakrishnan
Hornbill festival
- to revive, protect, sustain and promote the richness of the Naga heritage and traditions.
- Held Annually - during 1 – 10 December
- organized by State Tourism and Art & Culture Departments and also supported by Union Government.
- Established on 1st December 1963 and was inaugurated by the then President Dr. S Radhakrishnan