#IR_InNews #PT2020
Gulf Cooperation Council
It is a political and economic alliance in the Arabian Peninsula.
established in 1981
Aim - to foster socioeconomic, security, and cultural cooperation.
Members: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
News
Recently, GCC has backed United Nations Security Council's (UNSC) arms embargo on Iran.
Gulf Cooperation Council
It is a political and economic alliance in the Arabian Peninsula.
established in 1981
Aim - to foster socioeconomic, security, and cultural cooperation.
Members: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
News
Recently, GCC has backed United Nations Security Council's (UNSC) arms embargo on Iran.
#IR_InNews #PT2020
Abraham Accord
- Its Israel–United Arab Emirates peace agreement (Recently Signed)
- UAE will be the third Arab country, after Egypt and Jordan, to formally normalize its relationship with Israel.
- They will exchange embassies and begin cooperation across broad range of areas including tourism, education, healthcare, trade and security.
- Israel agreed to suspend plans for annexing parts of the West Bank
Abraham Accord
- Its Israel–United Arab Emirates peace agreement (Recently Signed)
- UAE will be the third Arab country, after Egypt and Jordan, to formally normalize its relationship with Israel.
- They will exchange embassies and begin cooperation across broad range of areas including tourism, education, healthcare, trade and security.
- Israel agreed to suspend plans for annexing parts of the West Bank
#IR_InNews #PT2020
Innovation Challenge Fund
- launched by UK Govt in India.
- Its a £3 million
- aimed to support scientists in academic arena and industry to fight the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change.
Innovation Challenge Fund
- launched by UK Govt in India.
- Its a £3 million
- aimed to support scientists in academic arena and industry to fight the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change.
#IR_InNews #PT2020
Supply Chain Resilience Initiative
- aims to reduce the dependency on China.
- By India, Japan and Australia.
- It is a response to Chinese political behaviour and disruption to supply chain.
- aim is to attract foreign direct investment in the Indo-Pacific region.
- to turn the region to an economic powerhouse.
- Membership is open to the ASEAN countries as well.
Supply Chain Resilience Initiative
- aims to reduce the dependency on China.
- By India, Japan and Australia.
- It is a response to Chinese political behaviour and disruption to supply chain.
- aim is to attract foreign direct investment in the Indo-Pacific region.
- to turn the region to an economic powerhouse.
- Membership is open to the ASEAN countries as well.
#IR_InNews #PT2020
World Conference of Speakers of Parliament (5th - 2020)
- attended by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla
- organized by Parliament of Austria and Inter-Parliamentary Union, Geneva with the support of United Nations.
Inter-Parliamentary Union
- Established in 1889.
- Members - parliaments of 178 countries.
- It has a permanent observer status in United Nations.
- promotes institutional values and democratic governance.
- It also promotes working with parliamentarians to respond to the needs and aspirations of the people.
- Publishes - Global Parliamentary Report along with UNDP.
World Conference of Speakers of Parliament (5th - 2020)
- attended by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla
- organized by Parliament of Austria and Inter-Parliamentary Union, Geneva with the support of United Nations.
Inter-Parliamentary Union
- Established in 1889.
- Members - parliaments of 178 countries.
- It has a permanent observer status in United Nations.
- promotes institutional values and democratic governance.
- It also promotes working with parliamentarians to respond to the needs and aspirations of the people.
- Publishes - Global Parliamentary Report along with UNDP.
#PT2020 #IR_InNews
World Solar Technology Summit
-By International Solar Alliance
- in September 2020.
- Scientists and engineers to address affordability of energy.
World Solar Technology Summit
-By International Solar Alliance
- in September 2020.
- Scientists and engineers to address affordability of energy.
#IR_InNews #PT2020
Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative
- proposed by PM Modi in 2019
- at the East Asia Summit.
- for a safe and secure maritime of the region.
Significance of the initiative
- This will give confidence to minor players of ASEAN that their role in the region will not be diluted
- It will ensure freedom of navigation, freedom of overflights
- The disputes to be resolved as per international conventions
Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative
- proposed by PM Modi in 2019
- at the East Asia Summit.
- for a safe and secure maritime of the region.
Significance of the initiative
- This will give confidence to minor players of ASEAN that their role in the region will not be diluted
- It will ensure freedom of navigation, freedom of overflights
- The disputes to be resolved as per international conventions
#IR_InNews #PT2020
East Asia Summit
- Established in 2005
- an ASEAN-centred forum for strategic dialogue and cooperation on the key political, security, and economic challenges facing the Indo-Pacific region.
India is one of the founding members of the East Asia Summit.
Members(18)
ASEAN(10 countries) + 8 others (Australia, China, Japan, India, New Zealand, the Republic of Korea, Russia and the USA.)
- can only be chaired by an ASEAN member.
News
- Recently, the 8th East Asia Summit Economic Ministers’ Meeting was held virtually.
- meeting highlighted the importance of strengthening regional supply chains to make them resilient in times of the Covid-19 pandemic and to spur economic growth.
East Asia Summit
- Established in 2005
- an ASEAN-centred forum for strategic dialogue and cooperation on the key political, security, and economic challenges facing the Indo-Pacific region.
India is one of the founding members of the East Asia Summit.
Members(18)
ASEAN(10 countries) + 8 others (Australia, China, Japan, India, New Zealand, the Republic of Korea, Russia and the USA.)
- can only be chaired by an ASEAN member.
News
- Recently, the 8th East Asia Summit Economic Ministers’ Meeting was held virtually.
- meeting highlighted the importance of strengthening regional supply chains to make them resilient in times of the Covid-19 pandemic and to spur economic growth.
#IR_InNews #PT2020
International Commission of Jurists
- Formed in 1952
- an international human rights NGO
- It consists of 60 eminent jurists—including senior judges, attorneys and academics
Headquarter - Geneva, Switzerland.
News
It has urged for a review of criminal contempt laws in India, expressing its concerns over the Supreme Court's decision to convict Advocate Prashant Bhushan for criminal contempt.
International Commission of Jurists
- Formed in 1952
- an international human rights NGO
- It consists of 60 eminent jurists—including senior judges, attorneys and academics
Headquarter - Geneva, Switzerland.
News
It has urged for a review of criminal contempt laws in India, expressing its concerns over the Supreme Court's decision to convict Advocate Prashant Bhushan for criminal contempt.
#IR_InNews #PT2020
G-20
- It is an informal group of 19 countries and the European Union.
- It does not have any permanent secretariat or headquarters.
- membership comprises a mix of the world’s largest advanced and emerging economies.
- It represents about two-thirds of the world’s population, 85% of global gross domestic product, 80% of global investment and over 75% of global trade.
- The members of the G20 are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union.
G-20
- It is an informal group of 19 countries and the European Union.
- It does not have any permanent secretariat or headquarters.
- membership comprises a mix of the world’s largest advanced and emerging economies.
- It represents about two-thirds of the world’s population, 85% of global gross domestic product, 80% of global investment and over 75% of global trade.
- The members of the G20 are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union.
#Prelims #IR_InNews
Singapore Convention on Mediation
- United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation.
- United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention in 2018 and opened for signature on in August 2019 in Singapore.
- Provides a more effective way of enforcing mediated settlements of corporate disputes
- India approved the signing of the Convention in July 2019.
News
Recently it has come into force.
Singapore Convention on Mediation
- United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation.
- United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention in 2018 and opened for signature on in August 2019 in Singapore.
- Provides a more effective way of enforcing mediated settlements of corporate disputes
- India approved the signing of the Convention in July 2019.
News
Recently it has come into force.
#IR_InNews
Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement(COMCASA)
- Valid for 10 years.
- Signed by India and USA in 2018.
- It aims to provide a legal framework for the transfer of highly sensitive communication security equipment.
- It will streamline and facilitate interoperability between the two armed forces.
Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement(COMCASA)
- Valid for 10 years.
- Signed by India and USA in 2018.
- It aims to provide a legal framework for the transfer of highly sensitive communication security equipment.
- It will streamline and facilitate interoperability between the two armed forces.
#IR_InNews
China Pakistan Economic Corridor
- A project under China’s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
- Between Pakistan and China
- to promote connectivity across Pakistan with a network of highways, railways, and pipelines accompanied by energy, industrial and other infrastructure development projects.
- The projects worth - more than USD 60 billion as of
- It links the Western part of China (Xinjiang) to the Gwadar Port in Balochistan
- India has protested to China over the CPEC as it is being laid through Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
China Pakistan Economic Corridor
- A project under China’s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
- Between Pakistan and China
- to promote connectivity across Pakistan with a network of highways, railways, and pipelines accompanied by energy, industrial and other infrastructure development projects.
- The projects worth - more than USD 60 billion as of
- It links the Western part of China (Xinjiang) to the Gwadar Port in Balochistan
- India has protested to China over the CPEC as it is being laid through Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
#IR_InNews #Pre_cum_Mains
Green Strategic Partnership
- launched by India and Denmark for delivering sustainable solutions to India.
- It will focus on expanding economic ties, green growth, and cooperation on global challenges such as climate change.
Proposals
- creation of India-Denmark energy parks
- cooperation in water efficiency and water loss
- India-Denmark skill institute to train Indian manpower
Green Strategic Partnership
- launched by India and Denmark for delivering sustainable solutions to India.
- It will focus on expanding economic ties, green growth, and cooperation on global challenges such as climate change.
Proposals
- creation of India-Denmark energy parks
- cooperation in water efficiency and water loss
- India-Denmark skill institute to train Indian manpower
#IR_InNews #PT2021 #Mains2020
New START treaty
News:
Recently, Putin has proposed a 1-year extension of the treaty unconditionally.
it's a nuclear arms reduction treaty between Russia and the U.S.
- formal name of 'Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms'.
- Signed in 2010
- Replaced the Treaty of Moscow (SORT).
Terms of the treaty
- Number of strategic nuclear missile launchers will be reduced by half.
- A new inspection and verification regime will be established, replacing the SORT mechanism.
- The number of deployed strategic nuclear warheads is limited to 1,550.
- Number of deployed and non-deployed inter-continental ballistic missile (ICBM) launchers, submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) launchers, and heavy bombers equipped for nuclear armaments to 800 will be limited.
- These obligations must be met within seven years from the date the treaty enters into force.
- The treaty will last ten years, with an option to renew it for up to five years upon agreement of both parties
New START treaty
News:
Recently, Putin has proposed a 1-year extension of the treaty unconditionally.
it's a nuclear arms reduction treaty between Russia and the U.S.
- formal name of 'Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms'.
- Signed in 2010
- Replaced the Treaty of Moscow (SORT).
Terms of the treaty
- Number of strategic nuclear missile launchers will be reduced by half.
- A new inspection and verification regime will be established, replacing the SORT mechanism.
- The number of deployed strategic nuclear warheads is limited to 1,550.
- Number of deployed and non-deployed inter-continental ballistic missile (ICBM) launchers, submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) launchers, and heavy bombers equipped for nuclear armaments to 800 will be limited.
- These obligations must be met within seven years from the date the treaty enters into force.
- The treaty will last ten years, with an option to renew it for up to five years upon agreement of both parties
#PT2021 #MainsFodder #MainsGS2 #IR_InNews
United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC)
- established in 2005.
- Promoted by Mr. Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary-General
- Based in New York.
- Aim - to promote international action against extremism through the forging of international, intercultural and interreligious dialogue and cooperation.
United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC)
- established in 2005.
- Promoted by Mr. Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary-General
- Based in New York.
- Aim - to promote international action against extremism through the forging of international, intercultural and interreligious dialogue and cooperation.
#PT2021 #IR_InNews
Kartarpur Sahib Gurudwar
News: India has criticized Pakistan’s decision to transfer the management of the Kartarpur Sahib Gurdwara from a Sikh body to a separate trust
Key Points
- Most significant historical and spiritual places for Sikhs.
- Foundations of a Sikh religion.
- The Kartarpur Corridor was thrown open in 2019.
- visa-free movement of Indian pilgrims to Pakistan
- The corridor was built in 2019 to commemorate the 550th birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev.
Kartarpur Sahib Gurudwar
News: India has criticized Pakistan’s decision to transfer the management of the Kartarpur Sahib Gurdwara from a Sikh body to a separate trust
Key Points
- Most significant historical and spiritual places for Sikhs.
- Foundations of a Sikh religion.
- The Kartarpur Corridor was thrown open in 2019.
- visa-free movement of Indian pilgrims to Pakistan
- The corridor was built in 2019 to commemorate the 550th birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev.
#2minRead #IR_InNews #Pre-cum-Mains
G-20 Summit 2020
In News: Recently held virtually, India called for a “New Global Index” for the post-Corona world.
- It is an Informal group of 19 countries and the EU with representatives of the IMF and WB.
New Global Index will be based on 4 pillars:
1.Talent
2.Technology
3.Transparency
4.Trusteeship towards the planet.
- 2020 hosted by Saudi Arabia.
Key topics discussed:
- Talent
- Technology
- Transparency
- Trusteeship
Future meetings
1. Italy in 2021
2.Indonesia in 2022
3.India in 2023
4.Brazil in 2024.
India's Initiatives for Lowering Emissions
- Infrastructure
- PushProducing Clean Energy
- International Solar Alliance (ISA).
- Combat Desertification
- Clean Air & Water
G-20 Summit 2020
In News: Recently held virtually, India called for a “New Global Index” for the post-Corona world.
- It is an Informal group of 19 countries and the EU with representatives of the IMF and WB.
New Global Index will be based on 4 pillars:
1.Talent
2.Technology
3.Transparency
4.Trusteeship towards the planet.
- 2020 hosted by Saudi Arabia.
Key topics discussed:
- Talent
- Technology
- Transparency
- Trusteeship
Future meetings
1. Italy in 2021
2.Indonesia in 2022
3.India in 2023
4.Brazil in 2024.
India's Initiatives for Lowering Emissions
- Infrastructure
- PushProducing Clean Energy
- International Solar Alliance (ISA).
- Combat Desertification
- Clean Air & Water
#IR_InNews #PT2021
Arctic council
- It is an Intergovernmental forum which addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and people living in the Arctic region.
- It is Not a treaty-based international organization but rather an international forum that operates on the basis of consensus.
- Its mandate explicitly excludes military security.
- Ottawa Declaration(1996) lists the following countries as Members of the Arctic Council:
Canada, the Kingdom of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, the Russian Federation, Sweden and the United States.
Arctic council
- It is an Intergovernmental forum which addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and people living in the Arctic region.
- It is Not a treaty-based international organization but rather an international forum that operates on the basis of consensus.
- Its mandate explicitly excludes military security.
- Ottawa Declaration(1996) lists the following countries as Members of the Arctic Council:
Canada, the Kingdom of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, the Russian Federation, Sweden and the United States.
#IR_InNews #PT2021
Goa Maritime Symposium (GMS) – 2021:
- Indian Navy recently hosted ‘GMS-21’ under the aegis of Naval War College, Goa.
- The event for the first time was hosted in virtual mode, with online participation of Naval representatives from 13 Indian Ocean Littoral countries.
- It included India, Bangladesh, Comoros, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Myanmar, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand.
- The theme for GMS-21 was focused on “Maritime Security and Emerging Non-Traditional Threats: A Case for Proactive Role for IOR Navies.”
Goa Maritime Symposium (GMS) – 2021:
- Indian Navy recently hosted ‘GMS-21’ under the aegis of Naval War College, Goa.
- The event for the first time was hosted in virtual mode, with online participation of Naval representatives from 13 Indian Ocean Littoral countries.
- It included India, Bangladesh, Comoros, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Myanmar, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand.
- The theme for GMS-21 was focused on “Maritime Security and Emerging Non-Traditional Threats: A Case for Proactive Role for IOR Navies.”