CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE METABOLISM.

Movement disorders.
1️⃣ Basal Ganglia
🔹 Disorders: Parkinsonism, chorea, dystonia
🔹 Clues: Resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, abnormal postures
🔹 Common causes: Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, drugs, stroke

2️⃣ Thalamus
🔹 Disorders: Tremor, hemiballismus
🔹 Clues: Contralateral involuntary movements
🔹 Common causes: Stroke, hemorrhage, multiple sclerosis

3️⃣ Cerebellum
🔹 Disorders: Ataxia, intention tremor, dysmetria
🔹 Clues: Gait instability, nystagmus, dysdiadochokinesia
🔹 Common causes: Stroke, tumors, alcohol, multiple sclerosis

4️⃣ Brainstem
🔹 Disorders: Tremor, dystonia, parkinsonism
🔹 Clues: Cranial nerve deficits with long tract signs
🔹 Common causes: Stroke, tumors, neurodegenerative diseases

5️⃣ Spinal Cord
🔹 Disorders: Spasticity, clonus, segmental myoclonus
🔹 Clues: UMN signs below the lesion with sensory level
🔹 Common causes: Trauma, transverse myelitis, multiple sclerosis.

6️⃣ Motor Cortex
🔹 Disorders: Focal motor seizures, apraxia, myoclonus
🔹 Clues: Cortical signs, seizures, contralateral weakness
🔹 Common causes: Stroke, tumors, encephalitis

7️⃣ Peripheral Nerves
🔹 Disorders: Fasciculations, weakness, occasional tremor
🔹 Clues: LMN signs including atrophy and fasciculations
🔹 Common causes: Peripheral neuropathy, entrapment, motor neuron disease

8️⃣ Neuromuscular Junction / Muscle
🔹 Disorders: Fatigable weakness, myopathies
🔹 Clues: Ptosis, diplopia, proximal weakness, fatigability
🔹 Common causes: Myasthenia gravis, inflammatory myopathies, muscular dystrophies

Hyponatremia & Hypernatreemia managment uptodate.

First-line Antituberculosis Drugs.

THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA (TTP).

Interpret common iron markers.

Chest x ray interpretation.

Antihypertensives - Peripheral Sympatholytic Drugs.

Antiplatelet Therapy.

Steroid tapering strategy.

Helicobacter Pylori - Detection and Management.

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP).

RBC morphology and associated conditions.

Diagnosis of Coeliac Disease - 🆕 in JAMA.

Corticosteroids in septic shock: mechanisms, heterogeneous treatment effects, & trajectory-guided precision pharmacotherapy.

Approach to Seizures.

Dysphagia: Differential Diagnoses and Clinical Clues for Diagnosis.

TACO and TRALI.

"Approach to Thrombocytopenia"