Heart Murmurs – Differential Diagnosis, Examination and Investigations

Myocardial infarction

Blueberry muffin syndrome

👉 a skin appearance seen in pediatric patients with multiple raised cutaneous, classically blue/purple lesions which is due to extramedullary hematopoiesis in the dermis

Approach to Pleural effusion

DiGeorge syndrome

Also called: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

CXR AP shows a very narrow superior mediastinum

while on the lateral view the anterior mediastinum appears empty.

The diagnosis was an absent thymus due to DiGeorge syndrome

Hemoptysis