The 3 main things to look for on head CTs are:
πΈBlood
πΈMass Effect
πΈStroke
β‘οΈBlood
πΈCT is just a measure of density. Blood is thicker than water, so blood is denser than brain (70% water) on head CT
Blood can be:
πΈEPIdural: looks lentiform
πΈSUBdural: looks crescentic
πΈSUBarachnoid: looks snake-like
β‘οΈMass effect
πΈYou wonβt bleed out in your head. Instead, calvarium is a closed space & brain gets compressed
Look for:
πΈSubfalcine herniation = midline shift, ventricles shift to the other side
πΈTranstentorial herniation = Loss of the basilar cisterns--normally look like a pentagon & smiley face
β‘οΈStroke
πΈNormal gray-white differentiation looks like an octopus & is crispy & well-defined
πΈStroke looks like someone smeared white matter paint into gray matter paint
πΈBlood
πΈMass Effect
πΈStroke
β‘οΈBlood
πΈCT is just a measure of density. Blood is thicker than water, so blood is denser than brain (70% water) on head CT
Blood can be:
πΈEPIdural: looks lentiform
πΈSUBdural: looks crescentic
πΈSUBarachnoid: looks snake-like
β‘οΈMass effect
πΈYou wonβt bleed out in your head. Instead, calvarium is a closed space & brain gets compressed
Look for:
πΈSubfalcine herniation = midline shift, ventricles shift to the other side
πΈTranstentorial herniation = Loss of the basilar cisterns--normally look like a pentagon & smiley face
β‘οΈStroke
πΈNormal gray-white differentiation looks like an octopus & is crispy & well-defined
πΈStroke looks like someone smeared white matter paint into gray matter paint
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Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy -caused by Malignancy (Lung cancer,lymphoma, and extra thoracic cancer) and granulomatous conditions (Sarcoidosis and tuberculosis).D-CXR,CT,MRI.T-Surgery,radiation therapy,chemotherapy,immunotherapy,or a combination.
π5
Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is rare disease entity, occurs predominantly in constipated women, chronically catheterized and associated with bacterial urinary infections that produce sulphatase/phosphatase. The etiology is due to indigo (blue) and indirubin (red) or to their mixture that becomes purple.
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Modified versions of the Romberg test.
β’ Sharpened Romberg Test (SRT) -This test procedure differs from the traditional Romberg Test in the positioning of the feet. Instead of standing with feet shoulder-width apart, the sharpened Romberg test dictates that the feet of the patient
β’Single-legged Stance Test (SLST) - is mainly used to assess postural stability and control in the elderly and those with Parkinson's disease.
β¦ Static balance test serves as a balanced assessment of Parkinson's disease. The process entails assessing how long the patient can maintain a single-leg stance with eyes open. The test ends after 60 seconds, and each leg is tested three times.
β’ Sitting-rising Test (SRT)- is an easily administered test focused on the assessment of the elderly population as well as stroke victims as a tool to predict mortality risk.
β’ Get-Up and Go Test - assessment of frailty and predictor of a geriatric patient's ability to go outside alone safely.
β’ Sharpened Romberg Test (SRT) -This test procedure differs from the traditional Romberg Test in the positioning of the feet. Instead of standing with feet shoulder-width apart, the sharpened Romberg test dictates that the feet of the patient
β’Single-legged Stance Test (SLST) - is mainly used to assess postural stability and control in the elderly and those with Parkinson's disease.
β¦ Static balance test serves as a balanced assessment of Parkinson's disease. The process entails assessing how long the patient can maintain a single-leg stance with eyes open. The test ends after 60 seconds, and each leg is tested three times.
β’ Sitting-rising Test (SRT)- is an easily administered test focused on the assessment of the elderly population as well as stroke victims as a tool to predict mortality risk.
β’ Get-Up and Go Test - assessment of frailty and predictor of a geriatric patient's ability to go outside alone safely.
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