A DC power supply converts AC (alternating current) into stable DC (direct current) that electronic circuits can use. This process happens in three main stages: rectification, filtering, and regulation.
First, the AC input (for example, 120V, 60 Hz) enters the rectifier circuit. Here, a bridge rectifier made of four diodes (D1–D4) converts the sinusoidal AC waveform into pulsating DC. Instead of going positive and negative, the output now stays on one side of the axis, but it still has ripples.
Next, the smoothing circuit reduces these ripples.
Finally,
the regulator circuit provides a stable and fixed DC output. An IC like the LM78xx series maintains a constant voltage even if the input fluctuates or the load changes. Capacitors C3 and C4 improve stability and reduce noise at the input and output of the regulator.
The final output (Vout) is clean, steady DC voltage suitable for powering electronic devices, with the negative terminal connected to ground.
#Electronics #PowerSupply #Rectifier #VoltageRegulator
First, the AC input (for example, 120V, 60 Hz) enters the rectifier circuit. Here, a bridge rectifier made of four diodes (D1–D4) converts the sinusoidal AC waveform into pulsating DC. Instead of going positive and negative, the output now stays on one side of the axis, but it still has ripples.
Next, the smoothing circuit reduces these ripples.
Finally,
the regulator circuit provides a stable and fixed DC output. An IC like the LM78xx series maintains a constant voltage even if the input fluctuates or the load changes. Capacitors C3 and C4 improve stability and reduce noise at the input and output of the regulator.
The final output (Vout) is clean, steady DC voltage suitable for powering electronic devices, with the negative terminal connected to ground.
#Electronics #PowerSupply #Rectifier #VoltageRegulator
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