The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a distributed network that supports the use of data created by connected cars and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). An important goal of the IoV is to allow vehicles to communicate in real time with their human drivers, pedestrians, other vehicles, roadside infrastructure and fleet management systems.

The IoV supports five types of network communication:

Intra-Vehicle systems that monitor the vehicle's internal performance through On Board Units (OBUs).

Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) systems that support the wireless exchange of information about the speed and position of surrounding vehicles.

Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) wireless exchange of information between a vehicle and supporting roadside units (RSUs).

Vehicle to Cloud (V2C) systems that allow the vehicle to access additional information from the internet through APIs.

Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) systems that support awareness for Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) such as pedestrians and cyclists.

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