🧠 Medical Studentsβ„’ 🧠
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tetralogy of fallot #TOF
Congenital heart diseases #CHD

#Cardiology #Pediatrics
Forwarded from Medical Mnemonics
🧩 Medical Mnemonics

#Leukemias: acute vs. chronic rules of thumb

πŸ“ABCDE


πŸ”΅Acute is:

βœ”Blasts predominate
βœ”Children
βœ”Drastic course
βœ”Elderly
βœ”Few WBC's (so Fevers)



πŸ”΄Chronic is all the opposites:

βœ–Mature cells predominate
βœ–Middle aged
βœ–Less debilitating course
βœ–Elevated WBC's, so not a history of fevers and infections

#hematology
#oncology
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Β©Medical Mnemonics
✨#notes

Massive splenomegaly! (spleen palpable 8 cm below the costal margin, most authors define massive splenomegaly when the spleen reaches the iliac crest, crosses the midline or weights more than 1000 g)

-Causes:
πŸͺ€Leishmaniasis
πŸͺ€Malaria
πŸͺ€Myeloproliferative disease
πŸͺ€Portal vein obstruction/portal hypertension
πŸͺ€Schistosomiasis
πŸͺ€Niemann-Pick disease
πŸͺ€Mucopolysaccharidosis
πŸͺ€Lymphomas
πŸͺ€Gaucher disease
πŸͺ€Hereditary spherocytosis
πŸͺ€Thalassemias – major, alpha or beta
πŸͺ€Histiocytosis X.
.
#Haptoglobin
is the protein that in humans is encoded by the HP gene.

In blood plasma, haptoglobin binds free hemoglobin released from erythrocytes with high affinity and thereby inhibits its oxidative activity.
Cute demonstration of tonicity.
#Physiology