"10 Days"
Right now, you are probably sitting alone, looking at a mountain of revision notes, and wondering if you have done enough. The late-night isolation is loud. The fear of forgetting everything you’ve read is real.
But listen carefully: The panic you feel right now is lying to you. You know more than you think you do. The final 10 days are not about learning everything new; they are about consolidating your hard work and keeping your mind calm. Do not burn yourself out in the dark. If you are exhausted, sleep. Consistency is about showing up every day, not destroying yourself tonight. Take a deep breath. You are in the final stretch. Keep going."
Right now, you are probably sitting alone, looking at a mountain of revision notes, and wondering if you have done enough. The late-night isolation is loud. The fear of forgetting everything you’ve read is real.
But listen carefully: The panic you feel right now is lying to you. You know more than you think you do. The final 10 days are not about learning everything new; they are about consolidating your hard work and keeping your mind calm. Do not burn yourself out in the dark. If you are exhausted, sleep. Consistency is about showing up every day, not destroying yourself tonight. Take a deep breath. You are in the final stretch. Keep going."
❤25
#Goodmorning
⏳09 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳98 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳205 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳72 days left 72nd BPSC PRELIMS 26 July
⏳65 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳24 days Left OPSC/ GPSC prelims 07 June
⏳17 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳09 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳98 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳205 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳72 days left 72nd BPSC PRELIMS 26 July
⏳65 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳24 days Left OPSC/ GPSC prelims 07 June
⏳17 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤6
🔆 Ancient Scripts of India
📍 Brahmi Script
✅ Precursor to many modern Indian scripts – Devanagari, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Odia, Assamese, Bengali
✅ Written left to right
📍 Grantha Script
✅ Widely used (6th–20th century) in Tamil Nadu & Kerala
✅ Used for writing Sanskrit & Manipravalam
✅ Evolved from Brahmi; precursor to Malayalam, Tigalari, Sinhala
📍 Gupta Script
✅ Associated with Gupta Empire
✅ Descended from Brahmi
✅ Gave rise to Nagari, Sharada, Siddham, Devanagari, Gurmukhi, Assamese, Bengali, Tibetan scripts
📍 Gurmukhi Script
✅ Standardised in 16th century by Guru Angad
✅ Derived from Sarada script
✅ Used for Guru Granth Sahib & Punjabi language
📍 Indus Script
✅ Script of the Indus Valley Civilization
✅ Comprises symbols; not deciphered yet
📍 Kharosthi Script
✅ Sister script of Brahmi
✅ Used in ancient Gandhara
✅ Deciphered by James Prinsep
✅ Written mostly right to left
✅ Numerals similar to Roman numerals
📍 Modi Script
✅ Used historically for Marathi
✅ Official script of Maharashtra till 20th century
✅ Also used for Urdu, Kannada, Gujarati, Hindi, Tamil
📍 Sarada Script
✅ Developed around 8th century
✅ Written in Abugida style
✅ Used for Sanskrit & Kashmiri
✅ Now limited to ceremonial use
📍 Urdu Script
✅ Written right to left
✅ Modified Perso-Arabic alphabet
✅ Influenced by Nastaliq style
✅ Extended form Shahmukhi used for Punjabi & Saraiki
📍 Vatteluttu Script
✅ Developed from Tamil-Brahmi
✅ Written in Abugida style
✅ Used for writing Granthi, Pallava & Tamil scripts
🔆 Language & Manuscript Initiatives
📍 National Translation Mission (2008)
✅ Promote translation across Indian languages
✅ Implemented by CIIL
📍 National Dictionary of Indian Languages (2008)
✅ Compile comprehensive dictionaries
✅ Implemented by CIIL, Mysuru
📍 Mission Bhashini
✅ Launched by MeitY
✅ Focus on AI/NLP, speech recognition, translation
✅ Implemented by C-DAC
📍 National Mission for Manuscripts (2003)
✅ Preserve & digitise ancient manuscripts
✅ Implemented by IGNCA
📌 UPSC Relevance
✅ GS-1 – Art & Culture
✅ Important for Prelims (Script–Feature matching)
✅ Linked to language preservation & cultural heritage
#prelims
#art_and_culture
https://t.me/Studytoday1
https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture
📍 Brahmi Script
✅ Precursor to many modern Indian scripts – Devanagari, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Odia, Assamese, Bengali
✅ Written left to right
📍 Grantha Script
✅ Widely used (6th–20th century) in Tamil Nadu & Kerala
✅ Used for writing Sanskrit & Manipravalam
✅ Evolved from Brahmi; precursor to Malayalam, Tigalari, Sinhala
📍 Gupta Script
✅ Associated with Gupta Empire
✅ Descended from Brahmi
✅ Gave rise to Nagari, Sharada, Siddham, Devanagari, Gurmukhi, Assamese, Bengali, Tibetan scripts
📍 Gurmukhi Script
✅ Standardised in 16th century by Guru Angad
✅ Derived from Sarada script
✅ Used for Guru Granth Sahib & Punjabi language
📍 Indus Script
✅ Script of the Indus Valley Civilization
✅ Comprises symbols; not deciphered yet
📍 Kharosthi Script
✅ Sister script of Brahmi
✅ Used in ancient Gandhara
✅ Deciphered by James Prinsep
✅ Written mostly right to left
✅ Numerals similar to Roman numerals
📍 Modi Script
✅ Used historically for Marathi
✅ Official script of Maharashtra till 20th century
✅ Also used for Urdu, Kannada, Gujarati, Hindi, Tamil
📍 Sarada Script
✅ Developed around 8th century
✅ Written in Abugida style
✅ Used for Sanskrit & Kashmiri
✅ Now limited to ceremonial use
📍 Urdu Script
✅ Written right to left
✅ Modified Perso-Arabic alphabet
✅ Influenced by Nastaliq style
✅ Extended form Shahmukhi used for Punjabi & Saraiki
📍 Vatteluttu Script
✅ Developed from Tamil-Brahmi
✅ Written in Abugida style
✅ Used for writing Granthi, Pallava & Tamil scripts
🔆 Language & Manuscript Initiatives
📍 National Translation Mission (2008)
✅ Promote translation across Indian languages
✅ Implemented by CIIL
📍 National Dictionary of Indian Languages (2008)
✅ Compile comprehensive dictionaries
✅ Implemented by CIIL, Mysuru
📍 Mission Bhashini
✅ Launched by MeitY
✅ Focus on AI/NLP, speech recognition, translation
✅ Implemented by C-DAC
📍 National Mission for Manuscripts (2003)
✅ Preserve & digitise ancient manuscripts
✅ Implemented by IGNCA
📌 UPSC Relevance
✅ GS-1 – Art & Culture
✅ Important for Prelims (Script–Feature matching)
✅ Linked to language preservation & cultural heritage
#prelims
#art_and_culture
https://t.me/Studytoday1
https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture
❤7
🔆 Major British-Era Commissions & Their Objectives
📍 🌾 Famine Commissions
✅ Anthony McDonnell (1900) – Suggested famine relief measures under Lord Curzon.
✅ John Woodhood (1943-44) – Investigated the Bengal Famine under Lord Wavell.
📍 📊 Economic Commissions
✅ Harshnell Committee (1893) – Currency recommendations under Lord Lansdowne.
✅ Opium Commission (1893) – Studied the health effects of opium.
✅ Irrigation Commission (1901) – Planned irrigation expenditure under Lord Curzon.
✅ Maclagan Committee (1914-15) – Financial aid for cooperative societies.
✅ Linlithgow Commission (1928) – Studied agriculture problems under Lord Irwin.
✅ J.H. Whitelay (1929) – Assessed labour conditions in industries & gardens.
✅ Lary Hamand (1935) – Recommended labour inclusion in Federal Assembly.
✅ Jawaharlal Nehru (1938) – National Planning Committee for economic plans.
✅ Sapru Commission (1935) – Addressed unemployment & Hindu-Muslim unity.
✅ Floud Commission (1940) – Advocated for sharecroppers’ rights in Bengal.
✅ Chatfield Commission (1939) – Focused on the Army.
📍 💰 Currency Commissions
✅ Mansfield Commission (1886) – Studied currency issues under Lord Dufferin.
✅ Henry Fowler Commission (1898) – Recommended currency reforms under Lord Elgin.
✅ Babington Smith Commission – Studied monetary policies under Lord Chelmsford.
✅ Hilton Young Commission (1939) – Investigated currency & banking system under Lord Linlithgow.
📍 🌾 Famine Commissions
✅ Anthony McDonnell (1900) – Suggested famine relief measures under Lord Curzon.
✅ John Woodhood (1943-44) – Investigated the Bengal Famine under Lord Wavell.
📍 📊 Economic Commissions
✅ Harshnell Committee (1893) – Currency recommendations under Lord Lansdowne.
✅ Opium Commission (1893) – Studied the health effects of opium.
✅ Irrigation Commission (1901) – Planned irrigation expenditure under Lord Curzon.
✅ Maclagan Committee (1914-15) – Financial aid for cooperative societies.
✅ Linlithgow Commission (1928) – Studied agriculture problems under Lord Irwin.
✅ J.H. Whitelay (1929) – Assessed labour conditions in industries & gardens.
✅ Lary Hamand (1935) – Recommended labour inclusion in Federal Assembly.
✅ Jawaharlal Nehru (1938) – National Planning Committee for economic plans.
✅ Sapru Commission (1935) – Addressed unemployment & Hindu-Muslim unity.
✅ Floud Commission (1940) – Advocated for sharecroppers’ rights in Bengal.
✅ Chatfield Commission (1939) – Focused on the Army.
📍 💰 Currency Commissions
✅ Mansfield Commission (1886) – Studied currency issues under Lord Dufferin.
✅ Henry Fowler Commission (1898) – Recommended currency reforms under Lord Elgin.
✅ Babington Smith Commission – Studied monetary policies under Lord Chelmsford.
✅ Hilton Young Commission (1939) – Investigated currency & banking system under Lord Linlithgow.
❤6👍2
UPSC
IFS Mains 2025 Marksheet Available Now
https://upsconline.gov.in/marksheet/exam/marksheet_system/
IFS Mains 2025 Marksheet Available Now
https://upsconline.gov.in/marksheet/exam/marksheet_system/
❤1
https://upsconline.nic.in/login - CSP 26 Admit Card Link
❤1
🔆 Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis)
📍 Context
✅ A recent study suggests Neanderthals performed a dental procedure nearly 59,000 years ago, based on evidence from a molar discovered in Chagyrskaya Cave, Siberia (Russia).
📍 About Neanderthals
✅ Scientific Name: Homo neanderthalensis
✅ Existed from around 400,000 to 40,000 years ago.
📍 Geographical Distribution
✅ Evolved mainly in:
◦ Europe
◦ Southwest Asia
◦ Central Asia
✅ During the same period, Homo sapiens evolved in Africa.
📍 Physical Features
✅ Long and low skull
✅ Large nose and comparatively large brain
✅ Strong double-arched brow ridge
✅ Short and stocky body structure
✅ Minimal chin development
📍 Diet
✅ Primarily carnivorous
✅ Also consumed plants and other food resources.
📍 Key Characteristics
✅ Skilled tool makers
✅ Proficient hunters
✅ Capable of communication
✅ Used fire
✅ Made ornaments and jewellery
📍 Limitation in Artistic Expression
✅ No confirmed evidence of representational art depicting animals or real-world objects, unlike later Homo sapiens.
📍 Significance of Recent Discovery
✅ Indicates advanced understanding of pain relief and healthcare practices.
✅ Suggests Neanderthals possessed greater cognitive and survival skills than previously assumed.
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
📍 Context
✅ A recent study suggests Neanderthals performed a dental procedure nearly 59,000 years ago, based on evidence from a molar discovered in Chagyrskaya Cave, Siberia (Russia).
📍 About Neanderthals
✅ Scientific Name: Homo neanderthalensis
✅ Existed from around 400,000 to 40,000 years ago.
📍 Geographical Distribution
✅ Evolved mainly in:
◦ Europe
◦ Southwest Asia
◦ Central Asia
✅ During the same period, Homo sapiens evolved in Africa.
📍 Physical Features
✅ Long and low skull
✅ Large nose and comparatively large brain
✅ Strong double-arched brow ridge
✅ Short and stocky body structure
✅ Minimal chin development
📍 Diet
✅ Primarily carnivorous
✅ Also consumed plants and other food resources.
📍 Key Characteristics
✅ Skilled tool makers
✅ Proficient hunters
✅ Capable of communication
✅ Used fire
✅ Made ornaments and jewellery
📍 Limitation in Artistic Expression
✅ No confirmed evidence of representational art depicting animals or real-world objects, unlike later Homo sapiens.
📍 Significance of Recent Discovery
✅ Indicates advanced understanding of pain relief and healthcare practices.
✅ Suggests Neanderthals possessed greater cognitive and survival skills than previously assumed.
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
❤9
🔆 National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)
📍 Why in News?
✅ A recent study found that the Centre’s old-age pension assistance of ₹200–500 under NSAP has been significantly eroded due to inflation.
✅ The study recommended introducing a National Floor Pension (NFP) similar to the National Floor Level Minimum Wage.
📍 About NSAP (1995)
✅ A Centrally Sponsored Scheme administered by the Ministry of Rural Development.
✅ Provides social assistance to:
◦ Elderly persons
◦ Widows
◦ Disabled persons
◦ Bereaved families living Below Poverty Line (BPL)
✅ Based on Article 41 of the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) related to public assistance in cases of:
◦ Old age
◦ Sickness
◦ Disability
◦ Unemployment
📍 Key Schemes under NSAP
✅ Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS)
✅ Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS)
✅ Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS)
✅ National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)
✅ Annapurna Scheme
📍 Implementation
✅ Implemented across rural and urban areas with support from States/UTs.
✅ States often provide additional top-up pensions over the central assistance.
📍 Significance
✅ Ensures social security for vulnerable groups.
✅ Promotes:
◦ Financial inclusion
◦ Dignity and welfare
◦ Basic income support
📍 Key Concerns
✅ Pension amount remains very low relative to inflation.
✅ Coverage gaps and exclusion errors persist.
✅ Delays in identification and fund disbursement.
📍 Way Forward
✅ Introduce a National Floor Pension indexed to inflation.
✅ Improve beneficiary identification using digital databases.
✅ Ensure timely Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
✅ Enhance Centre–State coordination for adequate pension support.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 Why in News?
✅ A recent study found that the Centre’s old-age pension assistance of ₹200–500 under NSAP has been significantly eroded due to inflation.
✅ The study recommended introducing a National Floor Pension (NFP) similar to the National Floor Level Minimum Wage.
📍 About NSAP (1995)
✅ A Centrally Sponsored Scheme administered by the Ministry of Rural Development.
✅ Provides social assistance to:
◦ Elderly persons
◦ Widows
◦ Disabled persons
◦ Bereaved families living Below Poverty Line (BPL)
✅ Based on Article 41 of the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) related to public assistance in cases of:
◦ Old age
◦ Sickness
◦ Disability
◦ Unemployment
📍 Key Schemes under NSAP
✅ Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS)
✅ Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS)
✅ Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS)
✅ National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)
✅ Annapurna Scheme
📍 Implementation
✅ Implemented across rural and urban areas with support from States/UTs.
✅ States often provide additional top-up pensions over the central assistance.
📍 Significance
✅ Ensures social security for vulnerable groups.
✅ Promotes:
◦ Financial inclusion
◦ Dignity and welfare
◦ Basic income support
📍 Key Concerns
✅ Pension amount remains very low relative to inflation.
✅ Coverage gaps and exclusion errors persist.
✅ Delays in identification and fund disbursement.
📍 Way Forward
✅ Introduce a National Floor Pension indexed to inflation.
✅ Improve beneficiary identification using digital databases.
✅ Ensure timely Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
✅ Enhance Centre–State coordination for adequate pension support.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
❤3
Forwarded from CSE EXAM upsc prelims mains CAPF CDS NDA
Geography Short Notes By Anmol Vachan.pdf
15 MB
Geography shorts notes
❤11🙏2
#Goodmorning
⏳08 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳97 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳204 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳71 days left 72nd BPSC PRELIMS 26 July
⏳64 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳23 days Left OPSC/ GPSC prelims 07 June
⏳16 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳08 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳97 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳204 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳71 days left 72nd BPSC PRELIMS 26 July
⏳64 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳23 days Left OPSC/ GPSC prelims 07 June
⏳16 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤4
🔆 Six Sites in India’s UNESCO Tentative List
📍 Context
✅ India has proposed six culturally and naturally significant sites for inclusion in UNESCO’s Tentative List — a prerequisite for World Heritage nomination.
📍 1. Kanger Valley National Park (Chhattisgarh)
✅ Location: Bastar district
✅ Named after: Kanger River
✅ Features:
• Karst topography
• Limestone caves
• Tirathgarh Waterfalls
📍 2. Mudumal Megalithic Menhirs (Telangana)
✅ Located near: Krishna River
✅ Type: Megalithic astronomical observatory
✅ Key facts:
• Menhir = upright standing stone
• Age: ~3,500–4,000 years old
📍 3. Ashokan Edict Sites along Mauryan Routes
✅ Spread across multiple regions
✅ Includes:
• Major Rock Edicts
• Minor Rock Edicts
• Pillar Edicts
• Cave inscriptions
✅ Period: 3rd century BCE (Maurya Emperor Ashoka)
📍 4. Chausath Yogini Temples
✅ Locations: Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha
✅ Key features:
• 64 Yogini sculptures
• Linked to Tantric worship
• Mostly circular temples
• Exceptions (rectangular): Khajuraho, Badoh, Rikhiyan
📍 5. Gupta Temples in North India
✅ Architectural significance:
• Blend of Nagara + Dravida styles
• Buddhist and Hindu influences
✅ Structural features:
• Square plan
• Flat roof
• Circumambulatory path
• Low-height shikhara
✅ Materials: Sun-dried bricks, terracotta, sandstone
📍 6. Palace–Fortresses of the Bundelas
✅ Includes six sites:
• Garhkundar Fort
• Raja Mahal
• Jahangir Mahal
• Datia Palace
• Jhansi Fort
• Dhubela Palace
✅ Architecture:
• Fusion of Rajput and Mughal styles
#prelims
#art_and_culture
https://t.me/Studytoday1
https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture
📍 Context
✅ India has proposed six culturally and naturally significant sites for inclusion in UNESCO’s Tentative List — a prerequisite for World Heritage nomination.
📍 1. Kanger Valley National Park (Chhattisgarh)
✅ Location: Bastar district
✅ Named after: Kanger River
✅ Features:
• Karst topography
• Limestone caves
• Tirathgarh Waterfalls
📍 2. Mudumal Megalithic Menhirs (Telangana)
✅ Located near: Krishna River
✅ Type: Megalithic astronomical observatory
✅ Key facts:
• Menhir = upright standing stone
• Age: ~3,500–4,000 years old
📍 3. Ashokan Edict Sites along Mauryan Routes
✅ Spread across multiple regions
✅ Includes:
• Major Rock Edicts
• Minor Rock Edicts
• Pillar Edicts
• Cave inscriptions
✅ Period: 3rd century BCE (Maurya Emperor Ashoka)
📍 4. Chausath Yogini Temples
✅ Locations: Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha
✅ Key features:
• 64 Yogini sculptures
• Linked to Tantric worship
• Mostly circular temples
• Exceptions (rectangular): Khajuraho, Badoh, Rikhiyan
📍 5. Gupta Temples in North India
✅ Architectural significance:
• Blend of Nagara + Dravida styles
• Buddhist and Hindu influences
✅ Structural features:
• Square plan
• Flat roof
• Circumambulatory path
• Low-height shikhara
✅ Materials: Sun-dried bricks, terracotta, sandstone
📍 6. Palace–Fortresses of the Bundelas
✅ Includes six sites:
• Garhkundar Fort
• Raja Mahal
• Jahangir Mahal
• Datia Palace
• Jhansi Fort
• Dhubela Palace
✅ Architecture:
• Fusion of Rajput and Mughal styles
#prelims
#art_and_culture
https://t.me/Studytoday1
https://t.me/upsc_art_and_culture
❤9
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS – 16 MAY 2026
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 India’s Forex Reserves Rise Sharply
✅ Forex reserves increased by USD 6.295 billion to USD 696.988 billion
✅ Gold reserves saw major rise of USD 5.637 billion
📍 Wholesale Inflation Touches 8.3%
✅ India’s wholesale inflation rose to 8.3% in April 2026
✅ Highest level in nearly 3.5 years
✅ Driven mainly by fuel & power inflation
🔆 STATES
📍 Andhra Pradesh BharatNet Expansion Pact
✅ Digital Bharat Nidhi signed agreement with Andhra Pradesh for BharatNet expansion
✅ Project allocation: ₹2,432 crore
✅ Will cover 13,426 Gram Panchayats
📍 High-Altitude Irrigation Canal in Ladakh
✅ Vinai Kumar Saxena inaugurated Mahey Tokpo–Raldho irrigation canal
✅ Built above 14,000 feet in Changthang region
🔆 NATIONAL
📍 NHAI Launches Project Saksham
✅ National Highways Authority of India launched women-focused skill development initiative
✅ More than 80% beneficiaries are women
📍 ₹37,500 Crore Coal Gasification Scheme Approved
✅ Union Cabinet approved scheme for promotion of surface coal/lignite gasification projects
✅ Aim: Reduce imports of LNG, methanol & urea
📍 Mizoram Ginger Mission Launched
✅ Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia launched ₹189.79 crore mission
✅ Focus on GI-certified pharma-grade Mizo Ginger exports
🔆 AGREEMENTS & MoUs
📍 India’s First Mega Greenfield Shipyard
✅ MoPSW signed tripartite MoU for mega greenfield shipyard at Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu
✅ Partners include HD KSOE, NSHIP-TN & SMFCL
✅ Project linked to Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047
📍 IEPFA–Prasar Bharati MoU
✅ MoU signed to strengthen investor awareness initiatives nationwide
✅ Awareness messages to be broadcast on Doordarshan channels
🔆 APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS
📍 South Asian Weightlifting Federation
✅ Sahdev Yadav elected President of South Asian Weightlifting Federation
🔆 RANKS & REPORTS
📍 Global Forest Goals Report 2026
✅ Report jointly prepared by UN DESA & UNFF Secretariat
✅ Global forest area declined by over 40 million hectares during 2015–2025
✅ Major causes: agricultural expansion & climate pressures
📍 Henley Passport Index 2026
✅ India ranked 78th with access to 56 destinations
✅ Singapore retained top position
📍 LEADS 2025 Report Released
✅ Union Minister Piyush Goyal released LEADS 2025 Report
✅ Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Mizoram & Delhi classified as “Exemplars”
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 AI-Powered Combat Aircraft ‘Kaal Bhairava’
✅ India’s AI-powered combat aircraft Kaal Bhairava to be manufactured in Portugal
✅ Developed by Flying Wedge Defence and Aerospace
✅ Part of Operation 777 initiative for globalising Indian defence manufacturing
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 ZSI Discovers Two New Spider Species
✅ Zoological Survey of India discovered two new spider species in Nagaland
✅ Species named Psechrus ntu & Psechrus phenshunyu
#CurrentAffairs
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 India’s Forex Reserves Rise Sharply
✅ Forex reserves increased by USD 6.295 billion to USD 696.988 billion
✅ Gold reserves saw major rise of USD 5.637 billion
📍 Wholesale Inflation Touches 8.3%
✅ India’s wholesale inflation rose to 8.3% in April 2026
✅ Highest level in nearly 3.5 years
✅ Driven mainly by fuel & power inflation
🔆 STATES
📍 Andhra Pradesh BharatNet Expansion Pact
✅ Digital Bharat Nidhi signed agreement with Andhra Pradesh for BharatNet expansion
✅ Project allocation: ₹2,432 crore
✅ Will cover 13,426 Gram Panchayats
📍 High-Altitude Irrigation Canal in Ladakh
✅ Vinai Kumar Saxena inaugurated Mahey Tokpo–Raldho irrigation canal
✅ Built above 14,000 feet in Changthang region
🔆 NATIONAL
📍 NHAI Launches Project Saksham
✅ National Highways Authority of India launched women-focused skill development initiative
✅ More than 80% beneficiaries are women
📍 ₹37,500 Crore Coal Gasification Scheme Approved
✅ Union Cabinet approved scheme for promotion of surface coal/lignite gasification projects
✅ Aim: Reduce imports of LNG, methanol & urea
📍 Mizoram Ginger Mission Launched
✅ Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia launched ₹189.79 crore mission
✅ Focus on GI-certified pharma-grade Mizo Ginger exports
🔆 AGREEMENTS & MoUs
📍 India’s First Mega Greenfield Shipyard
✅ MoPSW signed tripartite MoU for mega greenfield shipyard at Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu
✅ Partners include HD KSOE, NSHIP-TN & SMFCL
✅ Project linked to Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047
📍 IEPFA–Prasar Bharati MoU
✅ MoU signed to strengthen investor awareness initiatives nationwide
✅ Awareness messages to be broadcast on Doordarshan channels
🔆 APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS
📍 South Asian Weightlifting Federation
✅ Sahdev Yadav elected President of South Asian Weightlifting Federation
🔆 RANKS & REPORTS
📍 Global Forest Goals Report 2026
✅ Report jointly prepared by UN DESA & UNFF Secretariat
✅ Global forest area declined by over 40 million hectares during 2015–2025
✅ Major causes: agricultural expansion & climate pressures
📍 Henley Passport Index 2026
✅ India ranked 78th with access to 56 destinations
✅ Singapore retained top position
📍 LEADS 2025 Report Released
✅ Union Minister Piyush Goyal released LEADS 2025 Report
✅ Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Mizoram & Delhi classified as “Exemplars”
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 AI-Powered Combat Aircraft ‘Kaal Bhairava’
✅ India’s AI-powered combat aircraft Kaal Bhairava to be manufactured in Portugal
✅ Developed by Flying Wedge Defence and Aerospace
✅ Part of Operation 777 initiative for globalising Indian defence manufacturing
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 ZSI Discovers Two New Spider Species
✅ Zoological Survey of India discovered two new spider species in Nagaland
✅ Species named Psechrus ntu & Psechrus phenshunyu
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⏳07 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳96 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳203 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳70 days left 72nd BPSC PRELIMS 26 July
⏳63 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳22 days Left OPSC/ GPSC prelims 07 June
⏳15 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
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