🔆 PM-RAHAT (Prime Minister–Road Accident Victims’ Hospitalisation and Assured Treatment) Scheme
Source: PIB
Subject: Governance
📍 Context
✅ Kerala will soon implement the PM-RAHAT Scheme to provide cashless emergency treatment to road accident victims.
📍 About PM-RAHAT
✅ Provides immediate cashless treatment to road accident victims across India.
✅ Focuses on the Golden Hour—the first hour after trauma, when timely treatment can save lives.
✅ Implemented by the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH) and the National Health Authority (NHA).
📍 Key Features
✅ Beneficiaries: Any road accident victim on any category of road in India.
✅ Financial Cover: Cashless treatment up to ₹1.5 lakh per victim.
✅ Coverage Period: Up to 7 days from the date of the accident.
✅ Stabilisation Period:
24 hours for non-life-threatening injuries.
48 hours for life-threatening injuries.
📍 Implementation Mechanism
✅ eDAR (Electronic Detailed Accident Report): Managed by MoRTH.
✅ TMS 2.0 (Transaction Management System): Managed by NHA.
✅ Integrated with ERSS-112 for ambulance services and identification of the nearest designated hospital.
✅ Victims, Good Samaritans (Rah-Veer) or bystanders can call 112 for emergency assistance.
📍 Funding & Monitoring
✅ Hospitals are reimbursed through the Motor Vehicle Accident Fund (MVAF).
✅ Insured vehicle: Funded through contributions from General Insurance Companies.
✅ Hit-and-run/Uninsured cases: Funded by the Government of India.
✅ Hospitals receive reimbursement within 10 days after claim approval by the State Health Agency (SHA).
✅ Treatment requires police authentication through an integrated digital platform.
📍 Grievance Redressal
✅ Handled by the District Road Safety Committee.
✅ Chaired by the District Collector/District Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner.
📍 UPSC PRELIMS FACTS
✅ Golden Hour is the first hour after trauma with the highest chance of saving life.
✅ Financial Assistance: ₹1.5 lakh
✅ Coverage Duration: 7 days
✅ Emergency Helpline: 112
✅ Funding: Motor Vehicle Accident Fund (MVAF)
✅ Implemented by: MoRTH & National Health Authority (NHA)
#goverment_schemes
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Source: PIB
Subject: Governance
📍 Context
✅ Kerala will soon implement the PM-RAHAT Scheme to provide cashless emergency treatment to road accident victims.
📍 About PM-RAHAT
✅ Provides immediate cashless treatment to road accident victims across India.
✅ Focuses on the Golden Hour—the first hour after trauma, when timely treatment can save lives.
✅ Implemented by the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH) and the National Health Authority (NHA).
📍 Key Features
✅ Beneficiaries: Any road accident victim on any category of road in India.
✅ Financial Cover: Cashless treatment up to ₹1.5 lakh per victim.
✅ Coverage Period: Up to 7 days from the date of the accident.
✅ Stabilisation Period:
24 hours for non-life-threatening injuries.
48 hours for life-threatening injuries.
📍 Implementation Mechanism
✅ eDAR (Electronic Detailed Accident Report): Managed by MoRTH.
✅ TMS 2.0 (Transaction Management System): Managed by NHA.
✅ Integrated with ERSS-112 for ambulance services and identification of the nearest designated hospital.
✅ Victims, Good Samaritans (Rah-Veer) or bystanders can call 112 for emergency assistance.
📍 Funding & Monitoring
✅ Hospitals are reimbursed through the Motor Vehicle Accident Fund (MVAF).
✅ Insured vehicle: Funded through contributions from General Insurance Companies.
✅ Hit-and-run/Uninsured cases: Funded by the Government of India.
✅ Hospitals receive reimbursement within 10 days after claim approval by the State Health Agency (SHA).
✅ Treatment requires police authentication through an integrated digital platform.
📍 Grievance Redressal
✅ Handled by the District Road Safety Committee.
✅ Chaired by the District Collector/District Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner.
📍 UPSC PRELIMS FACTS
✅ Golden Hour is the first hour after trauma with the highest chance of saving life.
✅ Financial Assistance: ₹1.5 lakh
✅ Coverage Duration: 7 days
✅ Emergency Helpline: 112
✅ Funding: Motor Vehicle Accident Fund (MVAF)
✅ Implemented by: MoRTH & National Health Authority (NHA)
#goverment_schemes
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❤6
🔆 Regional Connectivity Scheme (RCS) – Modified UDAN
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Union Cabinet approved the Modified UDAN Scheme to accelerate regional air connectivity and support the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.
📍 Modified UDAN Scheme
✅ Duration: 10 years (FY 2026–27 to 2035–36).
✅ Outlay: ₹28,840 crore.
📍 Key Components
✅ 100 New Aerodromes: Development of airports from existing unserved airstrips.
✅ O&M Support: Operational and maintenance support for 3 years to around 441 RCS-only aerodromes.
✅ 200 Modern Helipads: To be developed in hilly, remote, island, and aspirational districts.
✅ Viability Gap Funding (VGF): ₹10,043 crore over 10 years to support regional airline operations.
✅ Atmanirbhar Bharat Aviation: Promotion of indigenous aircraft such as HAL Dhruv helicopters and HAL Dornier aircraft for regional connectivity.
📍 About UDAN Scheme
✅ Launch: October 2016 under the National Civil Aviation Policy (NCAP), 2016.
✅ Type: Central Sector Scheme.
✅ Ministry: Ministry of Civil Aviation.
✅ Implementing Agency: Airports Authority of India (AAI).
✅ Objective: Make air travel affordable, accessible, and widespread, while improving connectivity to Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities.
📍 Achievements
✅ 669 regional routes operationalised.
✅ Connectivity expanded across 95 airports, heliports, and water aerodromes.
✅ Benefited over 1.66 crore passengers.
✅ ₹4,593.28 crore released as Viability Gap Funding (VGF).
✅ India’s airport network expanded from 74 (2014) to 159 (2024).
#goverment_schemes
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📍 Why in News?
✅ The Union Cabinet approved the Modified UDAN Scheme to accelerate regional air connectivity and support the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.
📍 Modified UDAN Scheme
✅ Duration: 10 years (FY 2026–27 to 2035–36).
✅ Outlay: ₹28,840 crore.
📍 Key Components
✅ 100 New Aerodromes: Development of airports from existing unserved airstrips.
✅ O&M Support: Operational and maintenance support for 3 years to around 441 RCS-only aerodromes.
✅ 200 Modern Helipads: To be developed in hilly, remote, island, and aspirational districts.
✅ Viability Gap Funding (VGF): ₹10,043 crore over 10 years to support regional airline operations.
✅ Atmanirbhar Bharat Aviation: Promotion of indigenous aircraft such as HAL Dhruv helicopters and HAL Dornier aircraft for regional connectivity.
📍 About UDAN Scheme
✅ Launch: October 2016 under the National Civil Aviation Policy (NCAP), 2016.
✅ Type: Central Sector Scheme.
✅ Ministry: Ministry of Civil Aviation.
✅ Implementing Agency: Airports Authority of India (AAI).
✅ Objective: Make air travel affordable, accessible, and widespread, while improving connectivity to Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities.
📍 Achievements
✅ 669 regional routes operationalised.
✅ Connectivity expanded across 95 airports, heliports, and water aerodromes.
✅ Benefited over 1.66 crore passengers.
✅ ₹4,593.28 crore released as Viability Gap Funding (VGF).
✅ India’s airport network expanded from 74 (2014) to 159 (2024).
#goverment_schemes
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❤3👏1
🔆 Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA)
📍 Why in News?
✅ Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) has expanded its nationwide outreach, reaching over 29.24 crore people across India.
📍 About NMBA
✅ Launched: 2020 in 272 districts identified as highly vulnerable to substance abuse.
✅ Expanded: To all districts of India in 2023.
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MoSJE).
✅ Objective: Achieve a Drug-Free India through active participation of youth, women, and local communities.
📍 Three-Pronged Strategy
✅ Supply Control: Led by the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB).
✅ Demand Reduction & Awareness: Led by the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MoSJE).
✅ Treatment & Rehabilitation: Managed by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW).
📍 Significance
✅ Promotes preventive awareness, community participation, de-addiction services, and rehabilitation to combat substance abuse nationwide.
📍 UPSC Prelims Fact
✅ Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) is a national campaign launched by the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment to reduce drug demand through awareness, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.
#goverment_schemes
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📍 Why in News?
✅ Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) has expanded its nationwide outreach, reaching over 29.24 crore people across India.
📍 About NMBA
✅ Launched: 2020 in 272 districts identified as highly vulnerable to substance abuse.
✅ Expanded: To all districts of India in 2023.
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MoSJE).
✅ Objective: Achieve a Drug-Free India through active participation of youth, women, and local communities.
📍 Three-Pronged Strategy
✅ Supply Control: Led by the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB).
✅ Demand Reduction & Awareness: Led by the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MoSJE).
✅ Treatment & Rehabilitation: Managed by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW).
📍 Significance
✅ Promotes preventive awareness, community participation, de-addiction services, and rehabilitation to combat substance abuse nationwide.
📍 UPSC Prelims Fact
✅ Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) is a national campaign launched by the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment to reduce drug demand through awareness, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.
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❤5
🔆 PM Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) Scheme
📍Why in News?
✅ The PMFME Scheme has surpassed 2 lakh credit-linked beneficiaries, leveraging over ₹20,300 crore in investments.
✅ Nearly 90% beneficiaries are first-generation entrepreneurs, 44% are women, and 75,000+ enterprises have been formalised.
📍About PMFME Scheme
✅ Launched: 2020 under Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan.
✅ Ministry: Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI).
✅ Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
✅ Outlay: ₹10,000 crore.
✅ Objective: Formalise and improve the competitiveness of micro food processing enterprises.
📍Key Features
✅ Credit-Linked Subsidy: 35% of eligible project cost, up to ₹10 lakh per unit.
✅ One District One Product (ODOP): Promotes district-specific products through value addition, branding, and market linkages.
✅ Support to SHGs, FPOs & Cooperatives: Provides seed capital, credit support, and capacity building.
✅ Branding & Marketing: Supports common branding, packaging, quality certification, and market access.
📍Significance
✅ Promotes formalisation, entrepreneurship, and employment in the food-processing sector.
✅ Strengthens women-led enterprises and local value chains.
✅ Facilitates formal registration through Udyam, FSSAI, and GST.
#goverment_schemes
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📍Why in News?
✅ The PMFME Scheme has surpassed 2 lakh credit-linked beneficiaries, leveraging over ₹20,300 crore in investments.
✅ Nearly 90% beneficiaries are first-generation entrepreneurs, 44% are women, and 75,000+ enterprises have been formalised.
📍About PMFME Scheme
✅ Launched: 2020 under Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan.
✅ Ministry: Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI).
✅ Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
✅ Outlay: ₹10,000 crore.
✅ Objective: Formalise and improve the competitiveness of micro food processing enterprises.
📍Key Features
✅ Credit-Linked Subsidy: 35% of eligible project cost, up to ₹10 lakh per unit.
✅ One District One Product (ODOP): Promotes district-specific products through value addition, branding, and market linkages.
✅ Support to SHGs, FPOs & Cooperatives: Provides seed capital, credit support, and capacity building.
✅ Branding & Marketing: Supports common branding, packaging, quality certification, and market access.
📍Significance
✅ Promotes formalisation, entrepreneurship, and employment in the food-processing sector.
✅ Strengthens women-led enterprises and local value chains.
✅ Facilitates formal registration through Udyam, FSSAI, and GST.
#goverment_schemes
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❤2👌1
🔆 BHAVYA-Rasayan Scheme (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana – Rasayan)
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), chaired by the Prime Minister, has approved the BHAVYA-Rasayan Scheme.
📍 About the Scheme
✅ Aims to establish 3 dedicated Chemical Parks across India.
✅ Implemented by: State Governments through the Challenge Route.
✅ The Central Government will provide a grant of up to ₹1,000 crore per park.
✅ States must contribute a minimum of ₹500 crore per park.
✅ Parks may be developed as Greenfield or Brownfield projects.
📍 Key Features
✅ Provides plug-and-play infrastructure with common facilities and basic utilities for the chemical industry.
✅ Common facilities include:
✅ Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP)
✅ Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF)
✅ Water supply and distribution systems
✅ Solvent recovery and distillation facilities
✅ Steam generation and distribution network
✅ Interconnected pipeline network
✅ Logistics and warehousing facilities
📍 Benefits
✅ Promotes development of the entire chemical value chain, including upstream, downstream, and ancillary industries.
✅ Reduces logistics costs through efficient resource utilisation.
✅ Enhances global competitiveness through shared infrastructure.
✅ Strengthens India’s integration into Global Value Chains (GVCs).
✅ Boosts exports and promotes import substitution.
✅ Encourages environmentally sustainable industrial development.
✅ Improves compliance with environmental regulations.
✅ Generates employment and supports the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.
📍 Prelims Pointer
✅ Scheme: BHAVYA-Rasayan (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana – Rasayan).
✅ Approved by: Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA).
✅ Objective: Establish 3 dedicated Chemical Parks with plug-and-play infrastructure for the chemical sector.
#goverment_schemes
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📍 Why in News?
✅ The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), chaired by the Prime Minister, has approved the BHAVYA-Rasayan Scheme.
📍 About the Scheme
✅ Aims to establish 3 dedicated Chemical Parks across India.
✅ Implemented by: State Governments through the Challenge Route.
✅ The Central Government will provide a grant of up to ₹1,000 crore per park.
✅ States must contribute a minimum of ₹500 crore per park.
✅ Parks may be developed as Greenfield or Brownfield projects.
📍 Key Features
✅ Provides plug-and-play infrastructure with common facilities and basic utilities for the chemical industry.
✅ Common facilities include:
✅ Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP)
✅ Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF)
✅ Water supply and distribution systems
✅ Solvent recovery and distillation facilities
✅ Steam generation and distribution network
✅ Interconnected pipeline network
✅ Logistics and warehousing facilities
📍 Benefits
✅ Promotes development of the entire chemical value chain, including upstream, downstream, and ancillary industries.
✅ Reduces logistics costs through efficient resource utilisation.
✅ Enhances global competitiveness through shared infrastructure.
✅ Strengthens India’s integration into Global Value Chains (GVCs).
✅ Boosts exports and promotes import substitution.
✅ Encourages environmentally sustainable industrial development.
✅ Improves compliance with environmental regulations.
✅ Generates employment and supports the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.
📍 Prelims Pointer
✅ Scheme: BHAVYA-Rasayan (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana – Rasayan).
✅ Approved by: Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA).
✅ Objective: Establish 3 dedicated Chemical Parks with plug-and-play infrastructure for the chemical sector.
#goverment_schemes
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❤5
🔆 DAANVEER Initiative: Citizen-Powered Digital Infrastructure for Gram Panchayats
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Ministry of Panchayati Raj has launched DAANVEER, a voluntary technology-enabled initiative that allows citizens and organisations to donate pre-approved computer bundles to digitally underserved Gram Panchayats through the Meri Panchayat App
📍 Background
✅ 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)
✅ States are mandated to devolve functions across 29 subjects under the Eleventh Schedule
✅ India has nearly 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats covering around 6.5 lakh villages
✅ Many Gram Panchayats still lack basic computing infrastructure despite the expansion of digital governance platforms
📍 About DAANVEER
✅ Full Form: Daan + Veer (Philanthropic Hero)
✅ Tagline: “Give Back to Your Village”
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Panchayati Raj
✅ Developed in collaboration with National Informatics Centre (NIC) and DigiHaat
✅ Accessible through the Meri Panchayat mobile application
✅ Open to citizens, organisations and the Indian diaspora
✅ Entirely voluntary and not a government levy or CSR mandate
📍 How it Works
✅ Donor selects an eligible Gram Panchayat through the Meri Panchayat App
✅ Chooses a pre-approved computer bundle on DigiHaat
✅ Delivery and installation are digitally tracked
✅ Donor receives a Digital Certificate of Appreciation after successful installation
📍 Key Features
✅ Standardised and quality-verified computer bundles
✅ State-specific technical specifications
✅ Transparent end-to-end digital tracking
✅ Paperless and technology-enabled donation process
📍 Significance
✅ Strengthens digital infrastructure at the grassroots
✅ Promotes citizen participation in local governance
✅ Supports effective implementation of digital Panchayat platforms
✅ Revives India’s tradition of community participation (Shramdaan) through technology
📍 Challenges
✅ Hardware alone cannot bridge the digital divide without electricity, broadband connectivity (BharatNet) and trained personnel
✅ Voluntary donations may favour wealthier Gram Panchayats with stronger diaspora networks
✅ No clear mechanism for maintenance or replacement of donated equipment
✅ Voluntary contributions alone cannot meet the digital needs of 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats
📍 Related Digital Platforms
✅ e-GramSwaraj – Planning, accounting and fund tracking
✅ AuditOnline – Digital social audit management
✅ Sabha Saar – Digital repository of Gram Sabha proceedings
✅ Gram Manchitra – GIS-based spatial planning
✅ Meri Panchayat App – Citizen interface for Panchayat services
✅ DigiHaat – Procurement backend for DAANVEER
📍 Mains Question
“India’s Panchayati Raj Institutions have been at the centre of digital governance reforms, yet the digital divide at the grassroots persists. Critically evaluate the DAANVEER initiative as a model of citizen participation in strengthening local self-governance.” (15 Marks, 250 Words)
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Ministry of Panchayati Raj has launched DAANVEER, a voluntary technology-enabled initiative that allows citizens and organisations to donate pre-approved computer bundles to digitally underserved Gram Panchayats through the Meri Panchayat App
📍 Background
✅ 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)
✅ States are mandated to devolve functions across 29 subjects under the Eleventh Schedule
✅ India has nearly 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats covering around 6.5 lakh villages
✅ Many Gram Panchayats still lack basic computing infrastructure despite the expansion of digital governance platforms
📍 About DAANVEER
✅ Full Form: Daan + Veer (Philanthropic Hero)
✅ Tagline: “Give Back to Your Village”
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Panchayati Raj
✅ Developed in collaboration with National Informatics Centre (NIC) and DigiHaat
✅ Accessible through the Meri Panchayat mobile application
✅ Open to citizens, organisations and the Indian diaspora
✅ Entirely voluntary and not a government levy or CSR mandate
📍 How it Works
✅ Donor selects an eligible Gram Panchayat through the Meri Panchayat App
✅ Chooses a pre-approved computer bundle on DigiHaat
✅ Delivery and installation are digitally tracked
✅ Donor receives a Digital Certificate of Appreciation after successful installation
📍 Key Features
✅ Standardised and quality-verified computer bundles
✅ State-specific technical specifications
✅ Transparent end-to-end digital tracking
✅ Paperless and technology-enabled donation process
📍 Significance
✅ Strengthens digital infrastructure at the grassroots
✅ Promotes citizen participation in local governance
✅ Supports effective implementation of digital Panchayat platforms
✅ Revives India’s tradition of community participation (Shramdaan) through technology
📍 Challenges
✅ Hardware alone cannot bridge the digital divide without electricity, broadband connectivity (BharatNet) and trained personnel
✅ Voluntary donations may favour wealthier Gram Panchayats with stronger diaspora networks
✅ No clear mechanism for maintenance or replacement of donated equipment
✅ Voluntary contributions alone cannot meet the digital needs of 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats
📍 Related Digital Platforms
✅ e-GramSwaraj – Planning, accounting and fund tracking
✅ AuditOnline – Digital social audit management
✅ Sabha Saar – Digital repository of Gram Sabha proceedings
✅ Gram Manchitra – GIS-based spatial planning
✅ Meri Panchayat App – Citizen interface for Panchayat services
✅ DigiHaat – Procurement backend for DAANVEER
📍 Mains Question
“India’s Panchayati Raj Institutions have been at the centre of digital governance reforms, yet the digital divide at the grassroots persists. Critically evaluate the DAANVEER initiative as a model of citizen participation in strengthening local self-governance.” (15 Marks, 250 Words)
#goverment_schemes
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❤6
🔆 e-Courts Mission Mode Project
📍 Why in News?
✅ India’s judiciary is transitioning from a paper-based system to digitally enabled courts under the e-Courts Mission Mode Project
🔆 About e-Courts Mission Mode Project
✅ Launched in 2007
✅ Objective – To digitise court processes, records, and services and improve access to justice for judges, lawyers, litigants, and citizens
✅ Implemented as part of the National e-Governance Plan
🔆 Phases of e-Courts
📍 Phase I (2011–2015)
✅ Laid the foundation through computerisation of 14,000+ courts
✅ Developed basic network infrastructure for technology-enabled judicial services
📍 Phase II (2015–2023)
✅ Introduced citizen-centric services such as National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG), e-Filing, and e-Sewa Kendras
✅ Expanded video-conferencing infrastructure more than fivefold
📍 Phase III (2023–2027)
✅ Focuses on digital and paperless courts
✅ Large-scale digitisation of legacy court records
✅ Promotes virtual hearings and interoperability
✅ Uses Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Analytics, and Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
🔆 Major Benefits & Initiatives
📍 National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG)
✅ Online dashboard providing information on pending and disposed cases, court orders, judgments, and case details
✅ Separate dashboards for the Supreme Court, High Courts, and District Courts
✅ Improves transparency, accountability, judicial planning, and case monitoring
📍 e-Filing
✅ Enables filing of documents online from anywhere
✅ Supports online payments, e-signatures, Vakalatnamas, application filing, and case tracking
✅ Provides multilingual support and reduces dependence on physical paperwork
📍 Virtual Hearings & Nyaya Shruti
✅ Video conferencing allows litigants, lawyers, witnesses, prisoners, and other stakeholders to participate remotely
✅ Nyaya Shruti enables virtual testimony of accused persons, witnesses, police, prosecutors, experts, and prisoners
📍 e-Sewa Kendras
✅ Citizen-friendly digital help centres established in court complexes
✅ Assist with case status, hearing dates, certified copies, e-filing, digital signatures, e-payments, and virtual hearings
✅ Help citizens access free legal aid and other judicial services
🔆 Digital Criminal Justice Ecosystem
📍 Interoperable Criminal Justice System (ICJS)
✅ Connects Police, Courts, Prisons, Prosecution, and Forensic institutions
✅ Enables electronic exchange of FIRs, charge-sheets, court orders, and forensic reports
📍 Key Platforms
✅ CCTNS – Computerisation and networking of police processes
✅ e-Sakshya – Digital collection and management of evidence
✅ e-Summons – Electronic generation and transmission of court summons
✅ e-Forensic – Digital management of forensic cases
✅ e-Prison – Digital prison and prisoner management
✅ e-Prosecution – Digital coordination between police and prosecution
✅ NAFIS – Centralised fingerprint identification system
✅ MedLEaPR – Digital medico-legal examination and post-mortem reporting
✅ ITSSO – Tracks investigation of sexual offences against statutory timelines
🔆 Other Digital Innovations
📍 National Service and Tracking of Electronic Processes
✅ Enables GPS-based tracking of summons and notices
✅ Makes service of judicial processes faster and more transparent
📍 Digital Access & Tracking
✅ Around 4 lakh SMS messages and 6 lakh emails are sent daily by the judiciary
✅ e-Courts portals receive around 35 lakh visits daily
✅ e-Courts app has recorded around 3.84 crore downloads
✅ JustIS App assists judges with case management
🔆 AI & Technology under Phase III
📍 Emerging Tools
✅ LegRAA – Assists judges in legal research and document analysis
✅ Digital Courts 2.1 – Enables paperless case management through a single-window platform
✅ ASR-SHRUTI – Voice-to-text technology for judicial proceedings
✅ PANINI – Translation support for Indian languages
✅ eSCR – Enables access to judgments and their translation into 18 Indian languages
✅ AI tools are being used to detect defects in e-filed petitions and extract metadata
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
📍 Why in News?
✅ India’s judiciary is transitioning from a paper-based system to digitally enabled courts under the e-Courts Mission Mode Project
🔆 About e-Courts Mission Mode Project
✅ Launched in 2007
✅ Objective – To digitise court processes, records, and services and improve access to justice for judges, lawyers, litigants, and citizens
✅ Implemented as part of the National e-Governance Plan
🔆 Phases of e-Courts
📍 Phase I (2011–2015)
✅ Laid the foundation through computerisation of 14,000+ courts
✅ Developed basic network infrastructure for technology-enabled judicial services
📍 Phase II (2015–2023)
✅ Introduced citizen-centric services such as National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG), e-Filing, and e-Sewa Kendras
✅ Expanded video-conferencing infrastructure more than fivefold
📍 Phase III (2023–2027)
✅ Focuses on digital and paperless courts
✅ Large-scale digitisation of legacy court records
✅ Promotes virtual hearings and interoperability
✅ Uses Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Analytics, and Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
🔆 Major Benefits & Initiatives
📍 National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG)
✅ Online dashboard providing information on pending and disposed cases, court orders, judgments, and case details
✅ Separate dashboards for the Supreme Court, High Courts, and District Courts
✅ Improves transparency, accountability, judicial planning, and case monitoring
📍 e-Filing
✅ Enables filing of documents online from anywhere
✅ Supports online payments, e-signatures, Vakalatnamas, application filing, and case tracking
✅ Provides multilingual support and reduces dependence on physical paperwork
📍 Virtual Hearings & Nyaya Shruti
✅ Video conferencing allows litigants, lawyers, witnesses, prisoners, and other stakeholders to participate remotely
✅ Nyaya Shruti enables virtual testimony of accused persons, witnesses, police, prosecutors, experts, and prisoners
📍 e-Sewa Kendras
✅ Citizen-friendly digital help centres established in court complexes
✅ Assist with case status, hearing dates, certified copies, e-filing, digital signatures, e-payments, and virtual hearings
✅ Help citizens access free legal aid and other judicial services
🔆 Digital Criminal Justice Ecosystem
📍 Interoperable Criminal Justice System (ICJS)
✅ Connects Police, Courts, Prisons, Prosecution, and Forensic institutions
✅ Enables electronic exchange of FIRs, charge-sheets, court orders, and forensic reports
📍 Key Platforms
✅ CCTNS – Computerisation and networking of police processes
✅ e-Sakshya – Digital collection and management of evidence
✅ e-Summons – Electronic generation and transmission of court summons
✅ e-Forensic – Digital management of forensic cases
✅ e-Prison – Digital prison and prisoner management
✅ e-Prosecution – Digital coordination between police and prosecution
✅ NAFIS – Centralised fingerprint identification system
✅ MedLEaPR – Digital medico-legal examination and post-mortem reporting
✅ ITSSO – Tracks investigation of sexual offences against statutory timelines
🔆 Other Digital Innovations
📍 National Service and Tracking of Electronic Processes
✅ Enables GPS-based tracking of summons and notices
✅ Makes service of judicial processes faster and more transparent
📍 Digital Access & Tracking
✅ Around 4 lakh SMS messages and 6 lakh emails are sent daily by the judiciary
✅ e-Courts portals receive around 35 lakh visits daily
✅ e-Courts app has recorded around 3.84 crore downloads
✅ JustIS App assists judges with case management
🔆 AI & Technology under Phase III
📍 Emerging Tools
✅ LegRAA – Assists judges in legal research and document analysis
✅ Digital Courts 2.1 – Enables paperless case management through a single-window platform
✅ ASR-SHRUTI – Voice-to-text technology for judicial proceedings
✅ PANINI – Translation support for Indian languages
✅ eSCR – Enables access to judgments and their translation into 18 Indian languages
✅ AI tools are being used to detect defects in e-filed petitions and extract metadata
#goverment_schemes
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❤8👏1
🔆 Arjuna Award – 2026
📍 Why in News?
✅ Olympic medallist Mirabai Chanu, renowned weightlifter, has been recommended for this year’s Arjuna Award
📍 About Arjuna Awards
✅ One of the six categories of National Sports Awards
✅ Instituted in 1961
✅ Recognises sportspersons for outstanding international achievements and consistent performance over four years
✅ Conferred annually by the President of India
✅ Administered by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports
✅ Generally presented on National Sports Day – 29 August
📍 Eligible Disciplines
✅ Olympic Games, Asian Games, Commonwealth Games, World Cup and World Championship disciplines
✅ Cricket and equivalent recognised international tournaments
✅ Indigenous Games
✅ Sports for persons with disabilities
📍 Key Facts
✅ The award cannot be given to the same person more than once
✅ May be awarded posthumously
✅ First awardees included P K Banerjee, among the inaugural 1961 recipients
✅ Anna Lumsden was the first woman Arjuna Award recipient
✅ Award includes a statuette, certificate, ceremonial dress and ₹15 lakh cash prize
📍 Mains Question
Q. Discuss the role of national sports awards in promoting sporting excellence and developing a strong sporting culture in India. (10 Marks | 150 Words)
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📍 Why in News?
✅ Olympic medallist Mirabai Chanu, renowned weightlifter, has been recommended for this year’s Arjuna Award
📍 About Arjuna Awards
✅ One of the six categories of National Sports Awards
✅ Instituted in 1961
✅ Recognises sportspersons for outstanding international achievements and consistent performance over four years
✅ Conferred annually by the President of India
✅ Administered by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports
✅ Generally presented on National Sports Day – 29 August
📍 Eligible Disciplines
✅ Olympic Games, Asian Games, Commonwealth Games, World Cup and World Championship disciplines
✅ Cricket and equivalent recognised international tournaments
✅ Indigenous Games
✅ Sports for persons with disabilities
📍 Key Facts
✅ The award cannot be given to the same person more than once
✅ May be awarded posthumously
✅ First awardees included P K Banerjee, among the inaugural 1961 recipients
✅ Anna Lumsden was the first woman Arjuna Award recipient
✅ Award includes a statuette, certificate, ceremonial dress and ₹15 lakh cash prize
📍 Mains Question
Q. Discuss the role of national sports awards in promoting sporting excellence and developing a strong sporting culture in India. (10 Marks | 150 Words)
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❤7
🔆 SAMRIDH Programme
📍 Why in News?
✅ MeitY’s SAMRIDH Programme has supported 5 startups through accelerator-led innovation
🔆 About SAMRIDH
📍 Full Form
✅ Startup Accelerator of MeitY for Product Innovation, Development and Growth (SAMRIDH)
📍 Key Facts
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
✅ Implementing Agency: MeitY Startup Hub (MSH) under Digital India Corporation (DIC)
✅ Objective: Support existing and upcoming startup accelerators in identifying and scaling promising product-based startups
🔆 Focus Areas
✅ Customer Connect – helping startups access potential customers
✅ Investor Connect – facilitating access to investors and funding
✅ Internationalisation Connect – supporting expansion into global markets
📍 Target Sectors
✅ Health-tech
✅ Ed-tech
✅ Agri-tech
✅ Consumer-tech
✅ Fin-tech
✅ SaaS (Software as a Service)
✅ Sustainability
🔆 Targets & Financial Support
✅ Designed to accelerate around 300 startups through existing and upcoming accelerators
✅ Provides ₹2 lakh per startup to selected accelerators
✅ Provides matching funding to startups up to ₹40 lakh, subject to programme guidelines
🔆 Monitoring & Evaluation
✅ MeitY Startup Hub (MSH) monitors and evaluates selected accelerators using quantitative and qualitative parameters
✅ Tracks the revenue and valuation growth of supported startups annually
✅ The programme therefore focuses not merely on startup selection but also on measurable growth and scale-up
🔆 Andhra Pradesh
✅ During the last five years, 7 accelerators from Andhra Pradesh submitted Expressions of Interest (EoI) under SAMRIDH
🔆 Prelims Quick Recall
✅ SAMRIDH → Startup Accelerator of MeitY for Product Innovation, Development & Growth
✅ Nodal Ministry → MeitY
✅ Implementation → MeitY Startup Hub + Digital India Corporation
✅ Target → ~300 startups
✅ Maximum matching funding → ₹40 lakh/startup
✅ Key support → Customer + Investor + Internationalisation Connect
#goverment_schemes
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📍 Why in News?
✅ MeitY’s SAMRIDH Programme has supported 5 startups through accelerator-led innovation
🔆 About SAMRIDH
📍 Full Form
✅ Startup Accelerator of MeitY for Product Innovation, Development and Growth (SAMRIDH)
📍 Key Facts
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
✅ Implementing Agency: MeitY Startup Hub (MSH) under Digital India Corporation (DIC)
✅ Objective: Support existing and upcoming startup accelerators in identifying and scaling promising product-based startups
🔆 Focus Areas
✅ Customer Connect – helping startups access potential customers
✅ Investor Connect – facilitating access to investors and funding
✅ Internationalisation Connect – supporting expansion into global markets
📍 Target Sectors
✅ Health-tech
✅ Ed-tech
✅ Agri-tech
✅ Consumer-tech
✅ Fin-tech
✅ SaaS (Software as a Service)
✅ Sustainability
🔆 Targets & Financial Support
✅ Designed to accelerate around 300 startups through existing and upcoming accelerators
✅ Provides ₹2 lakh per startup to selected accelerators
✅ Provides matching funding to startups up to ₹40 lakh, subject to programme guidelines
🔆 Monitoring & Evaluation
✅ MeitY Startup Hub (MSH) monitors and evaluates selected accelerators using quantitative and qualitative parameters
✅ Tracks the revenue and valuation growth of supported startups annually
✅ The programme therefore focuses not merely on startup selection but also on measurable growth and scale-up
🔆 Andhra Pradesh
✅ During the last five years, 7 accelerators from Andhra Pradesh submitted Expressions of Interest (EoI) under SAMRIDH
🔆 Prelims Quick Recall
✅ SAMRIDH → Startup Accelerator of MeitY for Product Innovation, Development & Growth
✅ Nodal Ministry → MeitY
✅ Implementation → MeitY Startup Hub + Digital India Corporation
✅ Target → ~300 startups
✅ Maximum matching funding → ₹40 lakh/startup
✅ Key support → Customer + Investor + Internationalisation Connect
#goverment_schemes
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❤1
🔆 SraVaani – Multilingual Speech Recognition Model for Indian Languages
📍 Why in News?
✅ Researchers at IISc, in collaboration with ARTPARK and with support from Google, have released SraVaani, a multilingual speech recognition model designed for India’s linguistic diversity.
📍 About SraVaani
✅ Developer: SPIRE Lab, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), with ARTPARK.
✅ Supported by: Google.
✅ Based on:Project Vaani, an IISc initiative focused on documenting and understanding India’s linguistic diversity.
✅ Architecture: Uses a FastConformer-based automatic speech recognition architecture.
📍 Language Coverage
✅ Covers 20 Scheduled Languages and 45 regional languages and dialects.
✅ Includes low-resource languages such as Garo, Angika, Chakma, Kokborok, Tulu, Bundeli and Bajjika.
✅ Provides coverage across Northeast, Eastern, Western, Northern, Southern and Central India, along with English and Sanskrit.
📍 Performance & Accessibility
✅ Evaluated on 8 public benchmark datasets and achieved the lowest average Word Error Rate (WER) among evaluated systems.
✅ For Garo, it recorded a 9.5% WER, compared with 69.4% for the next-best system.
✅ Freely available on Hugging Face under an MIT licence, along with a demo and fine-tuning code.
📍 Significance
✅ Digital Inclusion: Enables speech-based access to technology for speakers of regional and low-resource languages.
✅ AI for Indian Languages: Supports regional-language speech-to-text, language detection and dialect recognition.
✅ Sovereign AI: Strengthens India’s indigenous multilingual AI capabilities.
✅ Knowledge Preservation: Can contribute to documentation and technological support for linguistically underrepresented communities.
📍 UPSC Prelims Facts
✅ SraVaani → Multilingual Indian speech recognition model.
✅ IISc + ARTPARK → Developers.
✅ Google → Development support.
✅ Architecture → FastConformer.
✅ Coverage → 20 Scheduled + 45 regional languages/dialects.
✅ Project Vaani → Linguistic diversity of India.
#goverment_schemes
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📍 Why in News?
✅ Researchers at IISc, in collaboration with ARTPARK and with support from Google, have released SraVaani, a multilingual speech recognition model designed for India’s linguistic diversity.
📍 About SraVaani
✅ Developer: SPIRE Lab, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), with ARTPARK.
✅ Supported by: Google.
✅ Based on:Project Vaani, an IISc initiative focused on documenting and understanding India’s linguistic diversity.
✅ Architecture: Uses a FastConformer-based automatic speech recognition architecture.
📍 Language Coverage
✅ Covers 20 Scheduled Languages and 45 regional languages and dialects.
✅ Includes low-resource languages such as Garo, Angika, Chakma, Kokborok, Tulu, Bundeli and Bajjika.
✅ Provides coverage across Northeast, Eastern, Western, Northern, Southern and Central India, along with English and Sanskrit.
📍 Performance & Accessibility
✅ Evaluated on 8 public benchmark datasets and achieved the lowest average Word Error Rate (WER) among evaluated systems.
✅ For Garo, it recorded a 9.5% WER, compared with 69.4% for the next-best system.
✅ Freely available on Hugging Face under an MIT licence, along with a demo and fine-tuning code.
📍 Significance
✅ Digital Inclusion: Enables speech-based access to technology for speakers of regional and low-resource languages.
✅ AI for Indian Languages: Supports regional-language speech-to-text, language detection and dialect recognition.
✅ Sovereign AI: Strengthens India’s indigenous multilingual AI capabilities.
✅ Knowledge Preservation: Can contribute to documentation and technological support for linguistically underrepresented communities.
📍 UPSC Prelims Facts
✅ SraVaani → Multilingual Indian speech recognition model.
✅ IISc + ARTPARK → Developers.
✅ Google → Development support.
✅ Architecture → FastConformer.
✅ Coverage → 20 Scheduled + 45 regional languages/dialects.
✅ Project Vaani → Linguistic diversity of India.
#goverment_schemes
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❤4
🔆 Mobile Phone Manufacturing Scheme (MPMS)
📍 Why in News?
✅ Government notified MPMS with ₹62,500 crore outlay for FY 2026–27 to FY 2030–31, succeeding PLI-LSEM.
✅ Focus shifts from assembly-led volume growth → domestic value addition, Indian IP, R&D and supply-chain deepening.
📍 Key Features
✅ TS1: Large-scale mobile manufacturing — incentive 2.25–5% on incremental sales.
✅ TS2: Indian-owned brands — 5% + 3% additional incentive for Indian design/R&D.
✅ Domestic sourcing bonus: Up to 1.5% for sourcing key components domestically.
✅ TS2 requires Indian ownership, IP/trademark in India and in-house R&D.
📍 PLI-LSEM → MPMS
✅ PLI-LSEM: Primarily focused on scaling production and attracting global manufacturers.
✅ MPMS: Adds explicit emphasis on Indian brands, IP, design and component localisation.
📍 Why Important?
✅ India has achieved strong growth in mobile-phone production and exports, but domestic value addition remains relatively low, with key components still imported.
✅ MPMS seeks to move India from “assembly in India” to “value creation in India.”
📍 Challenges
✅ Limited domestic ecosystem for semiconductors, displays and battery cells.
✅ Building globally competitive Indian brands requires a longer time horizon than the five-year scheme.
✅ High eligibility thresholds may limit participation by MSMEs and smaller manufacturers.
✅ Ensuring genuine Indian IP ownership and R&D may pose monitoring challenges.
🎯 Mains Application:
MPMS represents a shift from production-linked incentives towards value-chain deepening, but its success will depend on strengthening component ecosystems, domestic R&D and globally competitive Indian brands.
#Economy #pib
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📍 Why in News?
✅ Government notified MPMS with ₹62,500 crore outlay for FY 2026–27 to FY 2030–31, succeeding PLI-LSEM.
✅ Focus shifts from assembly-led volume growth → domestic value addition, Indian IP, R&D and supply-chain deepening.
📍 Key Features
✅ TS1: Large-scale mobile manufacturing — incentive 2.25–5% on incremental sales.
✅ TS2: Indian-owned brands — 5% + 3% additional incentive for Indian design/R&D.
✅ Domestic sourcing bonus: Up to 1.5% for sourcing key components domestically.
✅ TS2 requires Indian ownership, IP/trademark in India and in-house R&D.
📍 PLI-LSEM → MPMS
✅ PLI-LSEM: Primarily focused on scaling production and attracting global manufacturers.
✅ MPMS: Adds explicit emphasis on Indian brands, IP, design and component localisation.
📍 Why Important?
✅ India has achieved strong growth in mobile-phone production and exports, but domestic value addition remains relatively low, with key components still imported.
✅ MPMS seeks to move India from “assembly in India” to “value creation in India.”
📍 Challenges
✅ Limited domestic ecosystem for semiconductors, displays and battery cells.
✅ Building globally competitive Indian brands requires a longer time horizon than the five-year scheme.
✅ High eligibility thresholds may limit participation by MSMEs and smaller manufacturers.
✅ Ensuring genuine Indian IP ownership and R&D may pose monitoring challenges.
🎯 Mains Application:
MPMS represents a shift from production-linked incentives towards value-chain deepening, but its success will depend on strengthening component ecosystems, domestic R&D and globally competitive Indian brands.
#Economy #pib
#goverment_schemes
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❤1
🔆 Drunix Platform
📍 Why in News?
✅ NPCI launched the Drunix Platform to help organisations build and scale tokenisation platforms, digital asset ecosystems, and multi-organisation networks.
📍 About Drunix
✅ Definition
• An open-source blockchain platform designed to support enterprise-grade digital asset and tokenisation solutions.
✅ Launched By
• National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).
✅ Aim
• Accelerate blockchain readiness by providing foundational technologies for:
• Experimentation
• Interoperability
• Real-world adoption
📍 Key Features
✅ Built as a high-performance distributed ledger platform.
✅ Developed as an enhanced fork of Hyperledger Fabric.
✅ Enables large-scale blockchain deployment.
✅ Designed for enterprise and public infrastructure adoption.
✅ Supports creation of:
• Tokenisation platforms
• Digital asset ecosystems
• Multi-organisation networks
📍 About Hyperledger Fabric
✅ An open-source enterprise blockchain framework.
✅ Developed under the Linux Foundation.
✅ Provides a secure, scalable, and permissioned blockchain architecture for enterprises.
📍 Significance
✅ Strengthens India’s digital public infrastructure ecosystem.
✅ Promotes indigenous blockchain innovation and adoption.
✅ Enhances interoperability across digital networks.
✅ Contributes to the global open-source technology ecosystem.
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📍 Why in News?
✅ NPCI launched the Drunix Platform to help organisations build and scale tokenisation platforms, digital asset ecosystems, and multi-organisation networks.
📍 About Drunix
✅ Definition
• An open-source blockchain platform designed to support enterprise-grade digital asset and tokenisation solutions.
✅ Launched By
• National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).
✅ Aim
• Accelerate blockchain readiness by providing foundational technologies for:
• Experimentation
• Interoperability
• Real-world adoption
📍 Key Features
✅ Built as a high-performance distributed ledger platform.
✅ Developed as an enhanced fork of Hyperledger Fabric.
✅ Enables large-scale blockchain deployment.
✅ Designed for enterprise and public infrastructure adoption.
✅ Supports creation of:
• Tokenisation platforms
• Digital asset ecosystems
• Multi-organisation networks
📍 About Hyperledger Fabric
✅ An open-source enterprise blockchain framework.
✅ Developed under the Linux Foundation.
✅ Provides a secure, scalable, and permissioned blockchain architecture for enterprises.
📍 Significance
✅ Strengthens India’s digital public infrastructure ecosystem.
✅ Promotes indigenous blockchain innovation and adoption.
✅ Enhances interoperability across digital networks.
✅ Contributes to the global open-source technology ecosystem.
#goverment_schemes
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❤3
🔆 Garbhini Mitra Course
📍 Why in News?
🟢 The All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), New Delhi, has introduced the Garbhini Mitra Course for the 2026–27 academic session.
🟢 It is a healthcare skill-development programme aimed at providing health education, lifestyle guidance and community-level support to women during pregnancy and the postnatal period.
📍 Key Details
🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Ayush
🟢 Implementing Institution: All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), New Delhi
🟢 Academic Session: 2026–27
📍 Ayurvedic Foundation
🟢 Garbhini Paricharya: Antenatal care during pregnancy
🟢 Sutika Paricharya: Postnatal care
🟢 Garbhadhana Vidhi: Pre-conceptional care
📍 Role of Garbhini Mitras
🟢 The initiative complements clinical antenatal care and does not replace qualified medical treatment.
🟢 They provide appropriate health education and lifestyle guidance.
🟢 They help identify warning signs and facilitate timely referral to qualified doctors and healthcare facilities.
🟢 Routine check-ups, diagnostic tests and monitoring of blood pressure and haemoglobin remain essential.
📍 Course Design
🟢 Duration: 6 months
🟢 Mode: Offline
🟢 Classes: Monday to Friday, 3:00 PM to 5:00 PM
🟢 Intake: 20 students per batch
📍 Skills Covered
🟢 Trimester-specific dietetics
🟢 Lifestyle modifications
🟢 Pregnancy-safe yoga
🟢 Emotional support during labour
🟢 Newborn massage
🟢 Basic life support protocols
🟢 Infection control and sanitization
🟢 Biomedical waste management
🟢 Workplace safety
📍 Eligibility
🟢 Candidates must have passed the Senior Secondary (10+2) examination from a recognised board.
🟢 Minimum age: 18 years
🟢 Candidates awaiting their Class 12 results can also apply provisionally.
📍 Career Opportunities
🟢 Garbhini Mitra Assistant
🟢 Prenatal/Postnatal Care Assistant
🟢 Antenatal Wellness Guide
🟢 Maternal Health Support Worker
🟢 Employment opportunities may be available in Ayush centres, maternity clinics, NGOs, community health projects and wellness institutions.
#goverment_schemes
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📍 Why in News?
🟢 The All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), New Delhi, has introduced the Garbhini Mitra Course for the 2026–27 academic session.
🟢 It is a healthcare skill-development programme aimed at providing health education, lifestyle guidance and community-level support to women during pregnancy and the postnatal period.
📍 Key Details
🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Ayush
🟢 Implementing Institution: All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), New Delhi
🟢 Academic Session: 2026–27
📍 Ayurvedic Foundation
🟢 Garbhini Paricharya: Antenatal care during pregnancy
🟢 Sutika Paricharya: Postnatal care
🟢 Garbhadhana Vidhi: Pre-conceptional care
📍 Role of Garbhini Mitras
🟢 The initiative complements clinical antenatal care and does not replace qualified medical treatment.
🟢 They provide appropriate health education and lifestyle guidance.
🟢 They help identify warning signs and facilitate timely referral to qualified doctors and healthcare facilities.
🟢 Routine check-ups, diagnostic tests and monitoring of blood pressure and haemoglobin remain essential.
📍 Course Design
🟢 Duration: 6 months
🟢 Mode: Offline
🟢 Classes: Monday to Friday, 3:00 PM to 5:00 PM
🟢 Intake: 20 students per batch
📍 Skills Covered
🟢 Trimester-specific dietetics
🟢 Lifestyle modifications
🟢 Pregnancy-safe yoga
🟢 Emotional support during labour
🟢 Newborn massage
🟢 Basic life support protocols
🟢 Infection control and sanitization
🟢 Biomedical waste management
🟢 Workplace safety
📍 Eligibility
🟢 Candidates must have passed the Senior Secondary (10+2) examination from a recognised board.
🟢 Minimum age: 18 years
🟢 Candidates awaiting their Class 12 results can also apply provisionally.
📍 Career Opportunities
🟢 Garbhini Mitra Assistant
🟢 Prenatal/Postnatal Care Assistant
🟢 Antenatal Wellness Guide
🟢 Maternal Health Support Worker
🟢 Employment opportunities may be available in Ayush centres, maternity clinics, NGOs, community health projects and wellness institutions.
#goverment_schemes
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❤5
🔆 Integrated Fertilizer Management System (iFMS)
📍 Why in News?
🟢 The Integrated Fertilizer Management System (iFMS) has entered a new phase with digital initiatives to strengthen transparency and fertilizer supply-chain monitoring.
📍 About iFMS
🟢 It is a digital platform that tracks fertilizer production, imports, movement, stocks, sales and subsidy.
🟢 Developed by: National Informatics Centre (NIC)
🟢 Technical Support: NIC for the Department of Fertilizers
🟢 Aim: To improve fertilizer availability, strengthen transparency and enable data-driven monitoring and decision-making.
📍 Key Features
🟢 Wide Coverage: Covers over 14 crore Aadhaar-linked fertilizer buyers, 2.5 lakh+ retailers and around 7 crore metric tonnes of fertilizer sale transactions annually.
🟢 Subsidy Management: Supports the administration of nearly ₹2 lakh crore in fertilizer subsidy annually.
🟢 Digital Monitoring: New dashboards provide a consolidated view of production, imports, dispatches, movement, stocks and retail sales at national, State, district and retailer levels.
🟢 Data Analytics: Enables analysis of purchases across buyer categories, landholdings, crops, districts and fertilizer types to identify consumption patterns.
🟢 Farmer & Agricultural Data: Integration with Meri Fasal Mera Byora (MFMB) and AgriStack links fertilizer transactions with farmer, land and crop information.
#goverment_schemes
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📍 Why in News?
🟢 The Integrated Fertilizer Management System (iFMS) has entered a new phase with digital initiatives to strengthen transparency and fertilizer supply-chain monitoring.
📍 About iFMS
🟢 It is a digital platform that tracks fertilizer production, imports, movement, stocks, sales and subsidy.
🟢 Developed by: National Informatics Centre (NIC)
🟢 Technical Support: NIC for the Department of Fertilizers
🟢 Aim: To improve fertilizer availability, strengthen transparency and enable data-driven monitoring and decision-making.
📍 Key Features
🟢 Wide Coverage: Covers over 14 crore Aadhaar-linked fertilizer buyers, 2.5 lakh+ retailers and around 7 crore metric tonnes of fertilizer sale transactions annually.
🟢 Subsidy Management: Supports the administration of nearly ₹2 lakh crore in fertilizer subsidy annually.
🟢 Digital Monitoring: New dashboards provide a consolidated view of production, imports, dispatches, movement, stocks and retail sales at national, State, district and retailer levels.
🟢 Data Analytics: Enables analysis of purchases across buyer categories, landholdings, crops, districts and fertilizer types to identify consumption patterns.
🟢 Farmer & Agricultural Data: Integration with Meri Fasal Mera Byora (MFMB) and AgriStack links fertilizer transactions with farmer, land and crop information.
#goverment_schemes
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👏1
🔆 Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY): Six Years
📍 Why in News?
🟢 PMMSY completed six years on 10 September 2026.
🟢 Launched in 2020–21, it aims to modernise India’s fisheries value chain.
🟢 BE 2026–27: ₹2,500 crore.
📍 Scheme at a Glance
🟢 Total Outlay: ₹20,750 crore.
🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying — Department of Fisheries.
🟢 Structure: Umbrella scheme comprising Central Sector (CS) and Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) components.
🟢 Builds on the earlier Blue Revolution scheme, expanding from production to the wider value chain.
📍 PM-MKSSY
🟢 Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana — 2023–24 to 2026–27.
🟢 Outlay: ₹6,000 crore.
🟢 Focus: formalisation, insurance and institutional finance.
📍 Progress & Outcomes
🟢 Approved projects: ₹21,394.88 crore as of 11 August 2026, including Central share of ₹9,510.89 crore.
🟢 Fish production: 141.64 lakh tonnes (2019–20) → 197.75 lakh tonnes (2024–25).
🟢 Fisheries exports: ₹46,663 crore (2019–20) → ₹73,890 crore (2025–26).
🟢 Government cites 58 lakh direct and indirect jobs in fisheries and aquaculture-related activities.
📍 Infrastructure & Collective Institutions
🟢 ₹2,797 crore approved for cold-chain and marketing infrastructure.
🟢 Includes 775 cold storages/ice plants, 24 wholesale and 117 retail fish markets and 28,000+ fish transportation units.
🟢 2,195 Fish Farmers Producer Organisations (FFPOs) supported with ₹544.86 crore.
🟢 100 Climate Resilient Coastal Fishermen Villages identified; ₹200 lakh per village under the CS component.
📍 Digital Fisheries Ecosystem
🟢 National Fisheries Digital Platform (NFDP) launched in September 2024 under PM-MKSSY.
🟢 37 lakh+ registrations as of 8 September 2026.
🟢 Enables access to credit, insurance and traceability.
📍 Technologies to Know
🟢 RAS: Recirculates and filters water for intensive aquaculture with minimal land and water use.
🟢 Bio-floc: Uses beneficial microbes to recycle nutrients and requires little water exchange.
🟢 NFDB: National Fisheries Development Board, strengthened under the CS component.
📍 Critical Challenges
🟢 Government employment/income figures are self-reported and not independently verified outcomes.
🟢 Concerns over deep-sea fishing regulation and overexploitation of coastal stocks.
🟢 Small and traditional fishers may face limited access to benefits linked to formal registration and institutional credit.
📍 Significance
PMMSY marks a shift from production-oriented fisheries policy towards an integrated value-chain approach covering infrastructure, exports, digital governance and fisher welfare.
📌 Mains Practice Question
Discuss the role of the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana in transforming India’s fisheries value chain. What structural challenges remain in ensuring the scheme’s benefits reach small and traditional fishers?
(15 Marks | 250 Words)
#goverment_schemes
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📍 Why in News?
🟢 PMMSY completed six years on 10 September 2026.
🟢 Launched in 2020–21, it aims to modernise India’s fisheries value chain.
🟢 BE 2026–27: ₹2,500 crore.
📍 Scheme at a Glance
🟢 Total Outlay: ₹20,750 crore.
🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying — Department of Fisheries.
🟢 Structure: Umbrella scheme comprising Central Sector (CS) and Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) components.
🟢 Builds on the earlier Blue Revolution scheme, expanding from production to the wider value chain.
📍 PM-MKSSY
🟢 Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana — 2023–24 to 2026–27.
🟢 Outlay: ₹6,000 crore.
🟢 Focus: formalisation, insurance and institutional finance.
📍 Progress & Outcomes
🟢 Approved projects: ₹21,394.88 crore as of 11 August 2026, including Central share of ₹9,510.89 crore.
🟢 Fish production: 141.64 lakh tonnes (2019–20) → 197.75 lakh tonnes (2024–25).
🟢 Fisheries exports: ₹46,663 crore (2019–20) → ₹73,890 crore (2025–26).
🟢 Government cites 58 lakh direct and indirect jobs in fisheries and aquaculture-related activities.
📍 Infrastructure & Collective Institutions
🟢 ₹2,797 crore approved for cold-chain and marketing infrastructure.
🟢 Includes 775 cold storages/ice plants, 24 wholesale and 117 retail fish markets and 28,000+ fish transportation units.
🟢 2,195 Fish Farmers Producer Organisations (FFPOs) supported with ₹544.86 crore.
🟢 100 Climate Resilient Coastal Fishermen Villages identified; ₹200 lakh per village under the CS component.
📍 Digital Fisheries Ecosystem
🟢 National Fisheries Digital Platform (NFDP) launched in September 2024 under PM-MKSSY.
🟢 37 lakh+ registrations as of 8 September 2026.
🟢 Enables access to credit, insurance and traceability.
📍 Technologies to Know
🟢 RAS: Recirculates and filters water for intensive aquaculture with minimal land and water use.
🟢 Bio-floc: Uses beneficial microbes to recycle nutrients and requires little water exchange.
🟢 NFDB: National Fisheries Development Board, strengthened under the CS component.
📍 Critical Challenges
🟢 Government employment/income figures are self-reported and not independently verified outcomes.
🟢 Concerns over deep-sea fishing regulation and overexploitation of coastal stocks.
🟢 Small and traditional fishers may face limited access to benefits linked to formal registration and institutional credit.
📍 Significance
PMMSY marks a shift from production-oriented fisheries policy towards an integrated value-chain approach covering infrastructure, exports, digital governance and fisher welfare.
📌 Mains Practice Question
Discuss the role of the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana in transforming India’s fisheries value chain. What structural challenges remain in ensuring the scheme’s benefits reach small and traditional fishers?
(15 Marks | 250 Words)
#goverment_schemes
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❤3👍1🔥1👌1
🔆 PENSION SAKHIS: BRIDGING THE PENSION AWARENESS GAP IN RURAL INDIA
📍 Why in News?
🟢 The Department of Rural Development (DoRD) and the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) signed an MoU to establish and support a community-based outreach mechanism of Pension Sakhis across rural India.
📍 About Pension Sakhis
🟢 Pension Sakhis are trusted community-level facilitators who promote pension awareness and retirement planning among rural households.
🟢 Target Groups: Self-Help Group (SHG) members, rural women, Lakhpati Didis and other rural participants.
🟢 Nodal Institutions: DoRD and PFRDA.
🟢 Core Focus: Pension enrolment, financial awareness and informed decision-making.
📍 Key Features
🟢 Community-Based Outreach: Leverages the extensive institutional network of DAY-NRLM (Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihoods Mission).
🟢 Women-Led Financial Inclusion: Utilises women-led SHGs, Banking Correspondent (BC) Sakhis and trained community resource persons to reach underserved households.
🟢 Doorstep Services: Provides information on pensions and retirement planning, facilitates enrolment and assists households in understanding pension-related services.
🟢 Pension Awareness: Promotes awareness and adoption of pension products, including the National Pension System (NPS).
🟢 Digital Monitoring: Uses digital dashboards, mobile and web-based solutions, and unique identifier-based tracking through Central Recordkeeping Agencies to monitor outreach, enrolment and performance.
📍 Significance
🟢 Financial Inclusion: Expands access to pension-related information and services in rural areas.
🟢 Women’s Empowerment: Strengthens the role of rural women as community-level financial facilitators.
🟢 Social Security: Encourages retirement planning and awareness of old-age financial security.
🟢 Last-Mile Delivery: Uses trusted local networks to address barriers to accessing formal financial services.
🔆 UPSC MAINS QUESTION
📍 “Community-based institutions can play a crucial role in deepening financial inclusion and expanding social security coverage in rural India.” Discuss with reference to the Pension Sakhi initiative. (GS-II: Governance / GS-III: Inclusive Growth)
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 Why in News?
🟢 The Department of Rural Development (DoRD) and the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) signed an MoU to establish and support a community-based outreach mechanism of Pension Sakhis across rural India.
📍 About Pension Sakhis
🟢 Pension Sakhis are trusted community-level facilitators who promote pension awareness and retirement planning among rural households.
🟢 Target Groups: Self-Help Group (SHG) members, rural women, Lakhpati Didis and other rural participants.
🟢 Nodal Institutions: DoRD and PFRDA.
🟢 Core Focus: Pension enrolment, financial awareness and informed decision-making.
📍 Key Features
🟢 Community-Based Outreach: Leverages the extensive institutional network of DAY-NRLM (Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihoods Mission).
🟢 Women-Led Financial Inclusion: Utilises women-led SHGs, Banking Correspondent (BC) Sakhis and trained community resource persons to reach underserved households.
🟢 Doorstep Services: Provides information on pensions and retirement planning, facilitates enrolment and assists households in understanding pension-related services.
🟢 Pension Awareness: Promotes awareness and adoption of pension products, including the National Pension System (NPS).
🟢 Digital Monitoring: Uses digital dashboards, mobile and web-based solutions, and unique identifier-based tracking through Central Recordkeeping Agencies to monitor outreach, enrolment and performance.
📍 Significance
🟢 Financial Inclusion: Expands access to pension-related information and services in rural areas.
🟢 Women’s Empowerment: Strengthens the role of rural women as community-level financial facilitators.
🟢 Social Security: Encourages retirement planning and awareness of old-age financial security.
🟢 Last-Mile Delivery: Uses trusted local networks to address barriers to accessing formal financial services.
🔆 UPSC MAINS QUESTION
📍 “Community-based institutions can play a crucial role in deepening financial inclusion and expanding social security coverage in rural India.” Discuss with reference to the Pension Sakhi initiative. (GS-II: Governance / GS-III: Inclusive Growth)
#goverment_schemes
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https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
❤6👏1
🔆 AADI FARMER CARBON PROGRAMME
📍 Why in News?
🟢 India’s first soil-carbon payments will reach 2,550 farmers in Punjab and Haryana under the ‘Aadi’ Farmer Carbon Programme.
🟢 Farmers are set to receive more than ₹2.9 crore through digital payments.
📍 About Aadi Programme
🟢 Launched by Grow Indigo in 2019 with technical guidance from ICAR.
🟢 It is described as India’s first flagship farmer-carbon programme to issue agricultural carbon credits under Verra’s VM0042 methodology.
🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare.
🟢 It involves ICAR institutions, agricultural universities, KVKs and State institutions.
📍 Objective
🟢 Encourage regenerative and climate-smart agriculture.
🟢 Provide farmers with an additional source of income through carbon credits.
🟢 Promote better soil health and climate resilience in Punjab and Haryana.
📍 Key Practices
🟢 Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)
🟢 Reduced tillage
🟢 Improved crop-residue management
🟢 Water conservation
📍 How Carbon Credits Were Generated?
🟢 Greenhouse-gas reductions and increases in soil carbon resulting from improved farming practices were scientifically measured and independently verified.
🟢 Carbon credits were then issued based on the verified results.
📍 First Carbon Credit Issuance
🟢 Covered around 30,000 acres.
🟢 Generated 50,000+ carbon credits.
🟢 Participating farmers received approximately ₹3,000–₹15,000, depending on their share of carbon credits generated from their fields.
📍 Payment Mechanism
🟢 Grow Indigo released payments from its own funds before the carbon credits were fully sold.
🟢 This allowed farmers to receive payments without waiting for sale proceeds.
🟢 Farmers could choose between an assured upfront payment and 75% of net carbon revenue after carbon-credit sales.
📍 Scale of the Programme
🟢 Currently covers 20 lakh+ acres.
🟢 Covers 1 lakh+ farmers across 7 states.
📌 PRELIMS FOCUS
🟢 VM0042: Verra methodology for quantifying GHG reductions and soil-carbon storage from improved agricultural land management.
🟢 DSR: Direct Seeded Rice
🟢 Carbon credits: Financial mechanism linked to verified emission reductions/removals.
🟢 Aadi: Farmer-carbon programme focused on regenerative and climate-smart agriculture.
✍️ MAINS PRACTICE
Discuss how soil-carbon markets can promote regenerative agriculture while creating an additional income stream for Indian farmers.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 Why in News?
🟢 India’s first soil-carbon payments will reach 2,550 farmers in Punjab and Haryana under the ‘Aadi’ Farmer Carbon Programme.
🟢 Farmers are set to receive more than ₹2.9 crore through digital payments.
📍 About Aadi Programme
🟢 Launched by Grow Indigo in 2019 with technical guidance from ICAR.
🟢 It is described as India’s first flagship farmer-carbon programme to issue agricultural carbon credits under Verra’s VM0042 methodology.
🟢 Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare.
🟢 It involves ICAR institutions, agricultural universities, KVKs and State institutions.
📍 Objective
🟢 Encourage regenerative and climate-smart agriculture.
🟢 Provide farmers with an additional source of income through carbon credits.
🟢 Promote better soil health and climate resilience in Punjab and Haryana.
📍 Key Practices
🟢 Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)
🟢 Reduced tillage
🟢 Improved crop-residue management
🟢 Water conservation
📍 How Carbon Credits Were Generated?
🟢 Greenhouse-gas reductions and increases in soil carbon resulting from improved farming practices were scientifically measured and independently verified.
🟢 Carbon credits were then issued based on the verified results.
📍 First Carbon Credit Issuance
🟢 Covered around 30,000 acres.
🟢 Generated 50,000+ carbon credits.
🟢 Participating farmers received approximately ₹3,000–₹15,000, depending on their share of carbon credits generated from their fields.
📍 Payment Mechanism
🟢 Grow Indigo released payments from its own funds before the carbon credits were fully sold.
🟢 This allowed farmers to receive payments without waiting for sale proceeds.
🟢 Farmers could choose between an assured upfront payment and 75% of net carbon revenue after carbon-credit sales.
📍 Scale of the Programme
🟢 Currently covers 20 lakh+ acres.
🟢 Covers 1 lakh+ farmers across 7 states.
📌 PRELIMS FOCUS
🟢 VM0042: Verra methodology for quantifying GHG reductions and soil-carbon storage from improved agricultural land management.
🟢 DSR: Direct Seeded Rice
🟢 Carbon credits: Financial mechanism linked to verified emission reductions/removals.
🟢 Aadi: Farmer-carbon programme focused on regenerative and climate-smart agriculture.
✍️ MAINS PRACTICE
Discuss how soil-carbon markets can promote regenerative agriculture while creating an additional income stream for Indian farmers.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
❤4
🔆 ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (3D PRINTING)
🟢 Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a technology that creates 3D objects layer-by-layer from a digital 3D/CAD model.
🟢 It is commonly known as 3D printing and brings together computing, electronics, design software and materials science.
📍 How Additive Manufacturing Works
🟢 Digital Design: A model is created using CAD, 3D scanning or AI-based tools.
🟢 STL File: Represents the 3D model through triangular surfaces and guides the printing process.
🟢 Slicing: Software divides the model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal layers.
🟢 Printing: The machine builds the object layer-by-layer by adding successive layers of material.
🟢 Post-processing: The printed object is further processed to make it market-ready.
🟢 There are currently 40+ AM processes at market and R&D stages.
📍 Applications
🟢 Aerospace & Defence
🟢 Healthcare
🟢 Electronics
🟢 Construction
🟢 Enables greater design flexibility and layer-wise manufacturing.
📍 National Strategy for Additive Manufacturing (NSAM)
🟢 Released by MeitY in 2022 as India’s policy framework for developing domestic AM capabilities.
🟢 Aim: Capture 5% of the global AM market and contribute nearly US$1 billion to India’s GDP.
📍 Key NSAM Targets
🟢 Develop 50 India-specific AM technologies
🟢 Nurture 100 start-ups
🟢 Create 500 new products
🟢 Train 1 lakh skilled workers
🟢 Build capabilities across 10 manufacturing sectors
📍 NSAM 2.0
🟢 The proposed NSAM 2.0 seeks to accelerate India’s AM ecosystem.
🟢 Focus on IPR generation, digital integration and commercialisation of globally competitive technologies.
🟢 Improve affordability of AM machines and materials through clusters.
🟢 Expand the AM start-up ecosystem and support defence applications.
🟢 Promote SDG-driven pilot programmes.
📍 UPSC PRELIMS
🟢 AM → Layer-by-layer manufacturing
🟢 Common name → 3D printing
🟢 STL → Standard Tessellation Language
🟢 NSAM → MeitY, 2022
🟢 Global market target → 5%
🟢 GDP contribution target → US$1 billion
📍 UPSC MAINS
Q. Discuss the potential of Additive Manufacturing in transforming India’s manufacturing ecosystem. Highlight the objectives and proposed focus areas of NSAM 2.0.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
🟢 Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a technology that creates 3D objects layer-by-layer from a digital 3D/CAD model.
🟢 It is commonly known as 3D printing and brings together computing, electronics, design software and materials science.
📍 How Additive Manufacturing Works
🟢 Digital Design: A model is created using CAD, 3D scanning or AI-based tools.
🟢 STL File: Represents the 3D model through triangular surfaces and guides the printing process.
🟢 Slicing: Software divides the model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal layers.
🟢 Printing: The machine builds the object layer-by-layer by adding successive layers of material.
🟢 Post-processing: The printed object is further processed to make it market-ready.
🟢 There are currently 40+ AM processes at market and R&D stages.
📍 Applications
🟢 Aerospace & Defence
🟢 Healthcare
🟢 Electronics
🟢 Construction
🟢 Enables greater design flexibility and layer-wise manufacturing.
📍 National Strategy for Additive Manufacturing (NSAM)
🟢 Released by MeitY in 2022 as India’s policy framework for developing domestic AM capabilities.
🟢 Aim: Capture 5% of the global AM market and contribute nearly US$1 billion to India’s GDP.
📍 Key NSAM Targets
🟢 Develop 50 India-specific AM technologies
🟢 Nurture 100 start-ups
🟢 Create 500 new products
🟢 Train 1 lakh skilled workers
🟢 Build capabilities across 10 manufacturing sectors
📍 NSAM 2.0
🟢 The proposed NSAM 2.0 seeks to accelerate India’s AM ecosystem.
🟢 Focus on IPR generation, digital integration and commercialisation of globally competitive technologies.
🟢 Improve affordability of AM machines and materials through clusters.
🟢 Expand the AM start-up ecosystem and support defence applications.
🟢 Promote SDG-driven pilot programmes.
📍 UPSC PRELIMS
🟢 AM → Layer-by-layer manufacturing
🟢 Common name → 3D printing
🟢 STL → Standard Tessellation Language
🟢 NSAM → MeitY, 2022
🟢 Global market target → 5%
🟢 GDP contribution target → US$1 billion
📍 UPSC MAINS
Q. Discuss the potential of Additive Manufacturing in transforming India’s manufacturing ecosystem. Highlight the objectives and proposed focus areas of NSAM 2.0.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
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❤4👏1
🔆 Endangered Languages in India & Government Efforts
📍 Context
✅ India is one of the world’s most linguistically diverse countries
✅ UNESCO lists 197 endangered languages in India
✅ Languages fall into categories: vulnerable, endangered, severely endangered, or extinct
📍 Examples of Critically Endangered Languages
✅ Great Andamanese – Andaman Islands
✅ Toda – Nilgiri Hills (Tamil Nadu)
✅ Asur – Jharkhand
✅ Koro – Arunachal Pradesh
🔆 Government Initiatives for Language Preservation
📍 Scheme for Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages (SPPEL)
✅ Focus: Languages spoken by fewer than 10,000 people
✅ Aim: Documentation, research, and promotion
✅ 117 languages prioritised in the first phase
📍 UGC-supported Measures
✅ Funding for academic research on indigenous languages
✅ Establishment of Centres for Endangered Languages in Central Universities
✅ Promotion of interdisciplinary linguistic studies
📍 Training & Documentation Efforts
✅ Regular training programmes for linguists and researchers
✅ Preparation of:
• Dictionaries
• Grammar books
• Audio-visual recordings
✅ Focus on long-term language survival and revival
🔆 Why It Matters
✅ Language loss = loss of oral history, folklore, ecological knowledge
✅ Preserving languages strengthens cultural diversity and identity
✅ Aligns with constitutional values of pluralism and inclusiveness
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 Context
✅ India is one of the world’s most linguistically diverse countries
✅ UNESCO lists 197 endangered languages in India
✅ Languages fall into categories: vulnerable, endangered, severely endangered, or extinct
📍 Examples of Critically Endangered Languages
✅ Great Andamanese – Andaman Islands
✅ Toda – Nilgiri Hills (Tamil Nadu)
✅ Asur – Jharkhand
✅ Koro – Arunachal Pradesh
🔆 Government Initiatives for Language Preservation
📍 Scheme for Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages (SPPEL)
✅ Focus: Languages spoken by fewer than 10,000 people
✅ Aim: Documentation, research, and promotion
✅ 117 languages prioritised in the first phase
📍 UGC-supported Measures
✅ Funding for academic research on indigenous languages
✅ Establishment of Centres for Endangered Languages in Central Universities
✅ Promotion of interdisciplinary linguistic studies
📍 Training & Documentation Efforts
✅ Regular training programmes for linguists and researchers
✅ Preparation of:
• Dictionaries
• Grammar books
• Audio-visual recordings
✅ Focus on long-term language survival and revival
🔆 Why It Matters
✅ Language loss = loss of oral history, folklore, ecological knowledge
✅ Preserving languages strengthens cultural diversity and identity
✅ Aligns with constitutional values of pluralism and inclusiveness
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
❤2
🔆 BHARAT TULIP: MARKET LINKAGE FOR TRADITIONAL ARTISANS
📍 GS-II: Welfare of Vulnerable Sections | GS-III: Inclusive Growth, MSMEs
📍 Source: PIB · Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment ·
🔆 ABOUT THE PROGRAMME
🟢 Full form: Traditional Artisans’ Upliftment Livelihood Programme.
🟢 Launched: 5 November 2024.
🟢 Implementing agency: National Backward Classes Finance and Development Corporation (NBCFDC).
🟢 Coverage: Over 1,500 artisans associated, as stated by the Ministry.
🟢 Objective: Improve market access, increase artisan visibility and preserve traditional crafts.
🔆 HOW BHARAT TULIP WORKS
🟢 Artisans’ products are marketed under the common brand “BHARAT TULIP.”
🟢 Channels: E-commerce, ONDC, exhibitions, trade fairs and buyer–seller meets.
🟢 Products: Home décor, handcrafted jewellery, handwoven textiles and traditional leather goods.
🟢 Support: Branding, digital marketing, quality assurance, skill development, logistics and delivery.
🟢 Fair participation may include free stalls, travel support, daily allowance and transportation of goods.
🔆 CONSTITUTIONAL & INSTITUTIONAL LINKAGES
🟢 Article 43: Promotion of cottage industries in rural areas.
🟢 Article 46: Promotion of educational and economic interests of weaker sections.
🟢 Article 338B: National Commission for Backward Classes.
🟢 NBCFDC: Provides concessional finance and skilling support to backward classes.
🔆 OTHER ARTISAN-RELATED INITIATIVES
🟢 PM Vishwakarma: Recognition, toolkits, skilling and collateral-free credit for 18 traditional trades.
🟢 ODOP: District-level product specialisation and branding.
🟢 India Handloom Brand: Quality assurance for handloom products.
🟢 ONDC: Helps small sellers access buyers through an open digital commerce network.
🟢 PM-DAKSH: Skilling support for eligible disadvantaged groups.
🔆 CHALLENGES
🟢 Limited scale compared with India’s vast artisan workforce.
🟢 Lack of reported data on sales, repeat orders and income gains.
🟢 Marketplace commissions, return logistics and machine-made imitations can reduce profit margins.
🟢 Overlapping brands and schemes may dilute market recognition.
🟢 Long-term success requires consistent quality, design adaptation and lasting buyer relationships.
✍️ MAINS QUESTION (10 MARKS | 150 WORDS)
“For India’s traditional artisans, the binding constraint is market access rather than skill.” Examine this statement in the context of government initiatives using common branding and digital platforms to support artisans from marginalised communities.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 GS-II: Welfare of Vulnerable Sections | GS-III: Inclusive Growth, MSMEs
📍 Source: PIB · Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment ·
🔆 ABOUT THE PROGRAMME
🟢 Full form: Traditional Artisans’ Upliftment Livelihood Programme.
🟢 Launched: 5 November 2024.
🟢 Implementing agency: National Backward Classes Finance and Development Corporation (NBCFDC).
🟢 Coverage: Over 1,500 artisans associated, as stated by the Ministry.
🟢 Objective: Improve market access, increase artisan visibility and preserve traditional crafts.
🔆 HOW BHARAT TULIP WORKS
🟢 Artisans’ products are marketed under the common brand “BHARAT TULIP.”
🟢 Channels: E-commerce, ONDC, exhibitions, trade fairs and buyer–seller meets.
🟢 Products: Home décor, handcrafted jewellery, handwoven textiles and traditional leather goods.
🟢 Support: Branding, digital marketing, quality assurance, skill development, logistics and delivery.
🟢 Fair participation may include free stalls, travel support, daily allowance and transportation of goods.
🔆 CONSTITUTIONAL & INSTITUTIONAL LINKAGES
🟢 Article 43: Promotion of cottage industries in rural areas.
🟢 Article 46: Promotion of educational and economic interests of weaker sections.
🟢 Article 338B: National Commission for Backward Classes.
🟢 NBCFDC: Provides concessional finance and skilling support to backward classes.
🔆 OTHER ARTISAN-RELATED INITIATIVES
🟢 PM Vishwakarma: Recognition, toolkits, skilling and collateral-free credit for 18 traditional trades.
🟢 ODOP: District-level product specialisation and branding.
🟢 India Handloom Brand: Quality assurance for handloom products.
🟢 ONDC: Helps small sellers access buyers through an open digital commerce network.
🟢 PM-DAKSH: Skilling support for eligible disadvantaged groups.
🔆 CHALLENGES
🟢 Limited scale compared with India’s vast artisan workforce.
🟢 Lack of reported data on sales, repeat orders and income gains.
🟢 Marketplace commissions, return logistics and machine-made imitations can reduce profit margins.
🟢 Overlapping brands and schemes may dilute market recognition.
🟢 Long-term success requires consistent quality, design adaptation and lasting buyer relationships.
✍️ MAINS QUESTION (10 MARKS | 150 WORDS)
“For India’s traditional artisans, the binding constraint is market access rather than skill.” Examine this statement in the context of government initiatives using common branding and digital platforms to support artisans from marginalised communities.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
❤3