🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS – 8 JULY 2026

🔆 DIGITAL AWARENESS

📍 Government Reviews WhatsApp Username Feature
✅ MeitY extends deadline for Meta’s response
✅ Rollout in India kept on hold pending consultations
✅ Concerns include online fraud, phishing, identity spoofing and digital arrest scams

📍 Telegram Privacy Abuse Economy Under Scrutiny
✅ Investigation exposes misuse of Telegram channels for illegal sharing of private content
✅ Access reportedly sold through small UPI payments
✅ Raises concerns over privacy violations, cybercrime and digital identity theft

🔆 STATES

📍 West Bengal Approves ₹313 Crore Welfare Package for Tea Garden Workers
✅ Implemented under Pradhan Mantri Cha Shramik Protsahan Yojana (PMCSPY)
✅ Focus on education, healthcare and welfare
✅ Benefits tea garden workers in North Bengal

📍 Gujarat Builds First Air-Filled Rubber Dams
✅ Constructed using South Korean technology
✅ Projects on Heran and Ambika rivers
✅ Improve irrigation, groundwater recharge and flood management
✅ Rubber dams have an expected lifespan of 30 years

🔆 NATIONAL

📍 Kamarajar Port Becomes India’s Second Port with 18-Metre Draft
✅ Achieved after Capital Dredging Phase VI
✅ Now Cape Compliant for handling Capesize vessels
✅ Can accommodate ships up to 1,70,000 DWT
✅ Located at North Chennai, Tamil Nadu

📍 PRAGATI Project Launched
✅ Launched by Union Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan
✅ Will train 26,000 agricultural entrepreneurs
✅ Expected to benefit around 20 lakh farmers
✅ Supports Viksit Bharat vision

📍 TribeX Digital Learning Platform Launched
✅ Launched by Union Tribal Affairs Minister Jual Oram
✅ Preserves tribal arts, culture, languages and traditional knowledge
✅ Offers 20 free certificate courses
✅ Includes UGC-recognised PG Diploma programmes

🔆 AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

📍 Nepal’s Jestha Varna Mahavihar Wins UNESCO Heritage Award
✅ Receives UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Award 2025 (Award of Merit)
✅ Restored after the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake
✅ Restoration supported by the Government of India

🔆 SPORTS

📍 India Wins 41 Medals at Asian Wrestling Championships 2026
✅ Event held at Pattaya, Thailand
✅ Total medals: 41
✅ U20: 20 medals
✅ U15: 21 medals
✅ Organised by United World Wrestling (UWW)

🔆 SCHEMES

📍 National Academic Depository (NAD)
✅ Digital repository for academic certificates and degrees
✅ Implemented through DigiLocker
✅ Supports NEP 2020
✅ Managed by UGC under the Ministry of Education
✅ Integrated with APAAR and Academic Bank of Credits (ABC)

🔆 RANKS & REPORTS

📍 UDISE+ Report 2025–26 Released
✅ Released by Ministry of Education
✅ Teachers increased to 1.03 crore
✅ Pupil–Teacher Ratio better than NEP target (30:1)
✅ Secondary GER: 71.7%
✅ Schools with internet increased to 67.4%
✅ Female teachers account for 54.9%

🔆 DEFENCE

📍 India and Rwanda Expand Defence Cooperation
✅ 2nd Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting held in New Delhi
✅ Cooperation in military training, exercises, defence industry and military medicine
✅ Strengthens bilateral strategic partnership

🔆 ENVIRONMENT

📍 India Gets 21st Designated Repository Under Biological Diversity Act
✅ Natural History Museum, Mizoram University designated repository
✅ Notified by MoEFCC
✅ Located in the Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot
✅ Preserves flora, fauna and type specimens of newly discovered species

🔆 OBITUARY

📍 Padma Shri Awardee Girish Bharadwaj Passes Away
✅ Popularly known as the “Bridge Man of India”
✅ Renowned for building low-cost suspension bridges in remote regions

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Indus valley civilization PYQ THEMES

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🔆 Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA)

📍 Why in News?
✅ Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) has expanded its nationwide outreach, reaching over 29.24 crore people across India.

📍 About NMBA
✅ Launched: 2020 in 272 districts identified as highly vulnerable to substance abuse.
✅ Expanded: To all districts of India in 2023.
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MoSJE).
✅ Objective: Achieve a Drug-Free India through active participation of youth, women, and local communities.

📍 Three-Pronged Strategy
✅ Supply Control: Led by the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB).
✅ Demand Reduction & Awareness: Led by the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MoSJE).
✅ Treatment & Rehabilitation: Managed by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW).

📍 Significance
✅ Promotes preventive awareness, community participation, de-addiction services, and rehabilitation to combat substance abuse nationwide.

📍 UPSC Prelims Fact
✅ Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) is a national campaign launched by the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment to reduce drug demand through awareness, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.

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🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS – 9 JULY 2026

🔆 BANKING & FINANCE

📍 IMF Cuts India’s FY27 Growth Forecast
✅ Released in World Economic Outlook (WEO)
✅ FY 2026–27 GDP forecast: 6.4%
✅ FY 2027–28 GDP forecast: 6.7%
✅ Global growth projected at 3.0% (2026) and 3.4% (2027)
✅ Report released by the International Monetary Fund (IMF)

📍 India Becomes 11th Largest FDI Destination
✅ Highlighted in UNCTAD World Investment Report 2026
✅ FDI inflows increased to US$38.89 billion in 2025
✅ India improved from 13th to 11th position globally
✅ Greenfield investment announcements reached US$74.12 billion
✅ India ranked 18th in global outward FDI

🔆 DIGITAL AWARENESS

📍 Meta Details Measures Against Child Abuse Content
✅ Government sought explanation over Instagram child abuse advertisements
✅ Meta deploying AI tools for detection and removal of abusive content
✅ Stronger monitoring of suspicious accounts involving children
✅ Enhances online child safety measures

🔆 ECONOMY

📍 India to Launch Index of Services Production (ISP)
✅ First release scheduled for 14 July 2026
✅ Developed by MoSPI
✅ Base Year: 2024–25
✅ Measures monthly performance of the services sector
✅ Complements the Index of Industrial Production (IIP)

📍 Information & Computer Services Get Highest Weight in ISP
✅ Highest sectoral weight: Information & Computer Services (21.9%)
✅ Followed by Retail Trade (18.5%) and Administrative Services (14.4%)
✅ Data sourced mainly from GSTN and administrative records

🔆 STATES

📍 Tamil Nadu Launches ‘Anywhere Registration’
✅ Paperless property registration through STAR 3.0
✅ Effective from 17 August 2026
✅ Covers first sale of plots, flats and title deed deposits
✅ Simplifies property registration process

📍 UP Mahila Samarthya Yojana 2026
✅ Implemented by UP State Rural Livelihood Mission (UPSRLM)
✅ Provides free skill training for rural women
✅ Eligible SHGs receive ₹15,000 revolving fund
✅ Supports women empowerment and rural livelihoods

🔆 NATIONAL

📍 Varanasi Airport to Get India’s First Six-Lane Runway Underpass
✅ To be built beneath an active airport runway
✅ Located at Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport
✅ Length: 450 metres
✅ Major engineering milestone for airport infrastructure

📍 India’s Energy Storage Requirement May Reach 888 GWh by 2035–36
✅ Based on India BESS Market Review
✅ Total requirement: 174 GW / 888 GWh
✅ Includes Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) and Pumped Storage Projects (PSPs)
✅ Supports renewable energy integration

📍 Karnataka Recommends Three Global Tourism Destinations
✅ Destinations: Hampi, Mysuru and Lakkundi
✅ Proposed under Global Destination Development Project
✅ Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
✅ Promotes world-class tourism infrastructure

🔆 INTERNATIONAL

📍 PM Modi Visits Prambanan Temple in Indonesia
✅ Largest Hindu temple complex in Indonesia
✅ Built in the 9th century
✅ Dedicated to Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma
✅ UNESCO World Heritage Site located at Yogyakarta

🔆 AGREEMENTS & MoUs

📍 Four States Sign Narmada Project Payment Pact
✅ States: Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan and Maharashtra
✅ Resolves long-pending cost-sharing issues
✅ Covers Sardar Sarovar and Indira Sagar projects
✅ Based on Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (NWDT) Award

📍 India & Indonesia Sign Defence Agreements
✅ 14 MoUs signed under Comprehensive Strategic Partnership
✅ Indonesia to procure BrahMos and Astra BVRAAM missiles
✅ Indonesia becomes third Southeast Asian country to acquire BrahMos
✅ Strengthens Indo-Pacific defence cooperation

🔆 AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

📍 Ustad Bismillah Khan Yuva Puraskar for Haveli Sangeet
✅ Awardee: Acharya Shri Ranchhodlalji Goswami
✅ Honoured for preserving Pushtimarg Haveli Sangeet
✅ Award presented by Sangeet Natak Akademi
✅ Includes ₹25,000, plaque and Angavastram

📍 PM Modi Receives Indonesia’s Highest Civilian Honour
✅ Awarded Bintang Adipurna (Star of the Republic of Indonesia – First Class)
✅ Conferred by President Prabowo Subianto
✅ Indonesia’s highest civilian honour instituted in 1959

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🔆 SPORTS

📍 Telangana to Host 8th Khelo India Youth Games
✅ Host State: Telangana
✅ Announced by Union Sports Minister Mansukh Mandaviya
✅ Khelo India launched in 2018
✅ Organised by Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports

🔆 RANKS & REPORTS

📍 UN SDG Report 2026 Released
✅ Only 36% of SDG targets are on track
✅ Nearly 50% have stalled
✅ 15% have regressed
✅ Access to electricity increased to 92% globally
✅ Released by the United Nations

🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

📍 ISRO Successfully Tests Main Parachute for Gaganyaan
✅ Conducted Integrated Main Parachute Airdrop Test (IMAT-05)
✅ Supports Gaganyaan G1 mission
✅ Tested at ADRDE
✅ Validates parachute performance under maximum load conditions

🔆 DEFENCE

📍 DRDO Successfully Tests Pinaka Long Range Guided Rocket
✅ Flight test conducted at Integrated Test Range
✅ Developed by ARDE with support from HEMRL, DRDL and RCI
✅ Strengthens India’s indigenous long-range artillery capability

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🔆 PRISON SYSTEM IN INDIA

Subject: Governance / Polity

📍 Role of Prisons
✅ Rehabilitation: Reform and rehabilitate offenders for reintegration into society
✅ Moral Upliftment: Promote ethical values to prevent repeat offences
✅ Deterrence & Prevention: Discourage future crimes through correctional measures
✅ Prisons fall under the State List (Entry 4, List II, Seventh Schedule)
✅ Tihar Jail runs vocational training and counselling programmes for rehabilitation of women inmates

📍 Key Initiatives
✅ Model Prisons Act, 2023: Focuses on prison reforms and rehabilitation; intended to replace the Prisons Act, 1894
✅ Repatriation of Prisoners Act, 2003: Facilitates transfer and rehabilitation of foreign prisoners
✅ Entrepreneurship Development: Skill training enables inmates to earn livelihoods after release
✅ Tihar Jail inmates produce items such as cakes, LED bulbs and furniture

📍 Major Challenges
✅ Inhuman treatment and custodial abuse in prisons
✅ Staff shortage leading to poor security and prison management
✅ Overcrowding: Many prisons operate beyond sanctioned capacity
✅ Undertrial crisis: Around 76% of prison inmates are undertrials (Prison Statistics India 2020)
✅ Women prisoners face poor sanitation, nutrition and safety concerns
✅ Mental health issues: Large number of inmates suffer from psychological disorders
✅ Spread of diseases such as HIV and Tuberculosis
✅ Poor prison infrastructure including inadequate drinking water, sanitation and healthcare

📍 Important Facts
✅ India has around 1,400+ prisons, many functioning beyond 100% occupancy
✅ Prison staff-to-inmate ratio remains inadequate
✅ More than 19,000 women prisoners were lodged in Indian jails (2018)

📍 Way Forward
✅ Improve prison administration through better staffing and training
✅ Transform prisons into correctional institutions focused on reform rather than punishment
✅ Build more prisons to reduce overcrowding
✅ Ensure speedy trials to reduce undertrial population
✅ Expand the Open Prison System for eligible inmates
✅ Strengthen implementation of recommendations of the Mulla Committee and Krishna Iyer Committee on Prison Reforms
✅ Clearly define prisoners’ rights and responsibilities while ensuring humane treatment

📍 UPSC Prelims Pointers
✅ Prisons are a State Subject under Entry 4, List II
✅ Model Prisons Act, 2023 aims to modernize prison administration
✅ Prisons Act, 1894 is the colonial-era legislation proposed to be replaced
✅ Repatriation of Prisoners Act, 2003 deals with transfer of foreign prisoners
✅ Open Prisons have relatively relaxed security with emphasis on rehabilitation

📝 UPSC Mains Practice Question (GS-2)

“Indian prisons continue to face challenges of overcrowding, undertrial detention and inadequate rehabilitation. Discuss the major issues in prison administration and suggest reforms for creating a correction-oriented prison system.

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