🔆 Non-Cooperation Movement: Impact & Suspension

📍 Context
✅ Launched in 1920 by Mahatma Gandhi after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, the movement aimed at peaceful resistance to British rule through non-violent means.

📍 Programmes Adopted
🔸 Negative:
✅ Surrender of titles, boycott of govt. institutions, foreign goods, British courts
✅ Refusal to attend official meetings, resign from nominated positions

🔸 Positive:
✅ Promotion of Swadeshi, national schools
✅ Hindu-Muslim unity, eradication of untouchability
✅ Participation of leaders like C.R. Das, Nehru, Rajendra Prasad, Maulana Azad

📍 Government Response
✅ Mass arrests (25,000+), beatings, and suppression failed to curb public enthusiasm

📍 Suspension of Movement
✅ Chauri Chaura incident (Feb 1922): 22 policemen killed by a mob
✅ Gandhi, disillusioned with rising violence, suspended the movement to preserve the principle of non-violence

📍 Significance
✅ First mass-based movement led by INC
✅ Marked a new phase in Indian nationalism

📘 Prelims Q:
Which of the following was NOT part of the Non-Cooperation Movement?
A. Boycott of foreign goods
B. Establishment of national schools
C. Demand for Purna Swaraj
D. Refusal to accept govt posts
🟩 Ans: C (Purna Swaraj was declared in 1929)

📝 Mains Q (GS1 – Modern History):
Discuss the impact of the Non-Cooperation Movement on India’s national struggle. Why was the movement suspended abruptly? (150 words)

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