What is loss & damage?
#Prelims

🔆Important Conferences Related to Environment

✅Ramsar Convention - 1971
✅Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora - 1973
✅Montreal Protocol - 1987
✅Vienna Convention      - 1988
✅Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) - 1992
✅United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) - 1992
✅Basel Convention       - 1989
✅Rio Summit             - 1992
✅Stockholm Convention   - 2001
✅Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety - 2000
✅UN-REDD               - 2008
✅Nagoya Protocol       - 2010
✅Minamata Convention   - 2013
✅United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) - 1994
✅Kyoto Protocol        - 1997
✅Rotterdam Convention   - 1998

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UPPSC PRELIMS source

Contribution Atithi pandey

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Economic Survey 2025-26

#EconomicSurvey
#Englishmedium

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Economic Survey 2025-26

#EconomicSurvey
#hindimedium

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Economics survey key highlights

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Economics survey key highlights Hindi medium

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🔆 President’s Address 2026

🏛️ Governance & Social Justice

✅ 25 crore people lifted out of poverty in last decade
✅ ₹6.75 lakh crore DBT delivered in just one year
✅ 95 crore citizens now under social security (vs 25 crore in 2014)
✅ Jan-Vishwas Act: 300+ provisions decriminalised

🏠 Welfare & Human
Development

✅ 4 crore pucca houses built; 32 lakh in last year
✅ Jal Jeevan Mission: 12.5 crore households with tap water
✅ Ujjwala Yojana: 10+ crore LPG connections
✅ Ayushman Bharat: 11 crore free treatments
✅ Vay Vandana Cards: 1 crore senior citizens covered

🌾 Agriculture, Fisheries & Blue Economy

✅ Record foodgrain production: 350+ million tonnes
✅ World’s largest rice producer (150 MT)
✅ 2nd largest fish producer globally
✅ Fish production doubled since 2014 (~200 lakh tonnes)
✅ Millets (Shree-Anna) promoted globally
✅ National Missions on Edible Oils, Oilseeds & Pulses

🚆 Infrastructure & Connectivity

✅ ₹50 lakh crore+ infra investment in 11 years
✅ 1000 km+ Metro network — 3rd largest globally
✅ 150+ Vande Bharat trains operational
✅ Chenab Bridge: world’s highest railway arch bridge
✅ National Waterways expanded from 5 to 100+

🏭 Manufacturing, Jobs & Startups

✅ PLI investments: ₹2 lakh crore
✅ Electronics production: 6× growth (₹11 lakh crore)
✅ Defence production: ₹1.5 lakh crore; exports ₹23,000 crore
✅ Semiconductors: 10 fabs approved; nano-chip push
✅ Startups: ~2 lakh registered; India = 3rd largest ecosystem

⚡ Energy & Green Transition

✅ Target: 500 GW renewable capacity by 2030
✅ SHANTI Act: 100 GW nuclear energy by 2047
✅ PM Surya Ghar Yojana: 20 lakh rooftop solar systems

🧑‍🎓 Youth, Skills & Education

✅ 4 Labour Codes for simplified labour regulation
✅ PM Vishwakarma: 20 lakh artisans trained
✅ Mudra Yojana: ₹38 lakh crore credit to MSMEs
✅ AI skilling: 10 lakh youth trained
✅ Semiconductor workforce: 60,000 trained

🛡️ Security & Internal Stability

✅ Operation Sindoor: decisive counter-terror response
✅ Maoism reduced from 126 districts → 8
✅ Indus Water Treaty suspension linked to terror response
✅ Mission Sudarshan Chakra underway

🌍 Foreign Policy & Global South

✅ India–EU FTA negotiations concluded
✅ India as bridge power amid global conflicts
✅ Leadership in BRICS, G20, SCO, BIMSTEC
✅ First responder in global disasters (Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Afghanistan)

🏛️ Culture & Knowledge Systems

✅ 150 years of Vande Mataram celebrated
✅ Gyan Bharatam Mission: digitisation of manuscripts
✅ UNESCO tag for Diwali
✅ Constitution translated into Santhali

📌
#GS2 #GS3 #Governance #Economy #SocialJustice #Infrastructure #InternalSecurity

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Article 39

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