#Goodmorning
⏳117 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳206 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳173 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳132 days Left OPSC prelims 07 June
⏳125 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳89 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳89 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳88 days Left bpsc mains 25 April
⏳75 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳63 days Left PPSC mains 1 April
⏳42 days Left JPSC PRELIMS 8 March
⏳26 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳117 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳206 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳173 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳132 days Left OPSC prelims 07 June
⏳125 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳89 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳89 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳88 days Left bpsc mains 25 April
⏳75 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳63 days Left PPSC mains 1 April
⏳42 days Left JPSC PRELIMS 8 March
⏳26 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤4👍1👌1
🔆 ISRO Satellites – Quick Revision (Prelims Ready)
📍 Communication Satellites
✅ CMS-01
• Launched: 2017
• Use: Broadband connectivity, satellite newsgathering
✅ GSAT-7A (Angry Bird)
• Launched: 2018
• Use: Secure communication & broadband for remote areas (defence support)
✅ GSAT-11
• Launched: 2018
• Use: High-throughput broadband services
📍 Earth Observation Satellites
✅ OCEANSAT-3
• Launched: 2022
• Use: Oceanography, atmosphere, weather forecasting, climate monitoring
✅ RISAT-2
• Launched: 2019
• Type: Radar imaging satellite
• Use: Earth observation, disaster management, agriculture
📍 Navigation Satellite
✅ NAVIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation)
• India’s regional navigation system
• Provides: Positioning, navigation & timing services over India + neighbourhood
📍 Sun Study Mission
✅ ADITYA-L1
• Launched: 2023
• Location: L1 Lagrange Point
• Study: Solar corona, solar wind & space weather
#GS3
#prelims
#science_technology
#science_and_technology
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_science_and_technology
📍 Communication Satellites
✅ CMS-01
• Launched: 2017
• Use: Broadband connectivity, satellite newsgathering
✅ GSAT-7A (Angry Bird)
• Launched: 2018
• Use: Secure communication & broadband for remote areas (defence support)
✅ GSAT-11
• Launched: 2018
• Use: High-throughput broadband services
📍 Earth Observation Satellites
✅ OCEANSAT-3
• Launched: 2022
• Use: Oceanography, atmosphere, weather forecasting, climate monitoring
✅ RISAT-2
• Launched: 2019
• Type: Radar imaging satellite
• Use: Earth observation, disaster management, agriculture
📍 Navigation Satellite
✅ NAVIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation)
• India’s regional navigation system
• Provides: Positioning, navigation & timing services over India + neighbourhood
📍 Sun Study Mission
✅ ADITYA-L1
• Launched: 2023
• Location: L1 Lagrange Point
• Study: Solar corona, solar wind & space weather
#GS3
#prelims
#science_technology
#science_and_technology
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_science_and_technology
❤10
❤3
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS — 26 JANUARY 2026
🔆 REGULATORY / RBI
📍 Forex Reserves Surge
✅ India’s forex reserves rise by $14 bn (week ending 16 Jan 2026)
✅ Highest weekly rise in 10 months
📍 Key Figures:
✅ Total reserves: $701.3 bn (13-week high)
✅ Previous week: $687 bn
✅ Record high: $705 bn (Sept 2024)
📍 Components
✅ FCA: +$9.6 bn → $560 bn
✅ Gold: +$4.6 bn
✅ SDR: −$35 mn → $18.7 bn
✅ IMF reserve position: −$73 mn → $4.6 bn
📍 Reason for Increase
✅ $10 bn buy/sell swap settlement
✅ Revaluation gains (gold prices & dollar assets)
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 WEF Report on AI & Jobs
✅ WEF white paper: “Four Futures for Jobs in the New Economy”
📍 Key Findings:
✅ 54% executives expect job displacement
✅ Only 24% expect new job creation
📍 Four AI Futures:
✅ Supercharged Progress
✅ Co-Pilot Economy
✅ Age of Displacement
✅ Stalled Progress
📍 UNESCO – Vietnam
✅ UNESCO announces $740,000 emergency aid
📍 Purpose:
✅ Protect cultural heritage & education
📍 Affected by typhoons:
✅ Wipha, Bualoi, Matmo
📍 Heritage sites:
✅ Hue, Hoi An
🔆 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Padma Shri – Unsung Heroes
✅ 45 citizens awarded Padma Shri (Republic Day 2026)
✅ Recognised for grassroots contributions
📍 Republic Day 2026
✅ Chief Guests:
➡ Antonio Costa (European Council)
➡ Ursula von der Leyen (European Commission)
📍 Theme:
✅ 150 Years of Vande Mataram
📍 Federated Intelligence Hackathon
✅ Organised by National Health Authority
📍 Venue: IIT Kanpur
📍 Focus:
✅ Health AI digital public goods
✅ Privacy-preserving federated AI
📍 Veer Gatha 5.0
✅ Awards ceremony held in New Delhi
📍 Initiative of:
✅ Ministry of Defence + Ministry of Education
📍 Winners:
✅ ₹10,000 prize
✅ Invitation to Republic Day Parade
📍 Cultural Heritage
✅ President inaugurates Granth Kutir at Rashtrapati Bhavan
📍 Features:
✅ Manuscripts & rare books
✅ 11 classical Indian languages
📍 Linked to:
✅ Gyan Bharatam Mission
📍 Renewable Energy Storage
✅ India targets 100 GW pumped hydro storage by 2047
📍 Purpose:
✅ Renewable energy integration
✅ Grid stability
📍 Climate-Resilient Agriculture
✅ Digital Climate Atlas (ACASA-India) launched
📍 NICRA completes 15 years
📍 Coverage:
✅ 200+ locations
✅ 151 climate-vulnerable districts
📍 Railway Safety Tech
✅ Indian Railways deploys humanoid robot ASC ARJUN
📍 Location: Visakhapatnam station
📍 Functions:
✅ Crowd monitoring
✅ Multilingual announcements
✅ Passenger assistance
📍 EdTech Startup
✅ AI-first edtech startup Fermi.ai launched
📍 Founders:
✅ Peeyush Ranjan
✅ Mukesh Bansal
📍 Focus:
✅ Conceptual STEM learning
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 Indian Navy – Indonesia Visit
✅ Training squadron visits Indonesia
📍 Linked to:
✅ Indian Ocean Naval Symposium
✅ MAHASAGAR vision
🔆 MoUs
📍 Renewable Energy Investment
✅ INOXGFL signs ₹17,000 cr MoUs
📍 States:
➡ Uttar Pradesh
➡ Assam
➡ Kerala
📍 Signed at:
✅ WEF Davos Summit
🔆 STATES
📍 Andhra Pradesh
✅ Venkaiah Naidu launches Sujana Health on Wheels
📍 Purpose:
✅ Doorstep healthcare via mobile vans
🔆 SCHEMES
📍 PM SVANidhi Credit Card
✅ Launched for street vendors
📍 Features:
✅ RuPay credit card
✅ Limit: ₹30,000
✅ Revolving credit
📍 Objective:
✅ Financial inclusion
✅ Reduce informal borrowing
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 24 January
✅ National Girl Child Day
✅ International Day of Education
📍 25 January
✅ National Voters’ Day
🔆 OBITUARY
📍 Journalism
✅ Veteran journalist Mark Tully passes away at 90
🔆 AWARDS
📍 Padma Awards 2026
✅ Total awards: 131
📍 Padma Vibhushan: 5
📍 Padma Bhushan: 13
📍 Padma Shri: 113
📍 Notable awardees:
✅ Uday Kotak
✅ Dharmendra
✅ Rohit Sharma
📍 UP Gaurav Samman 2026
✅ Shubhanshu Shukla
✅ Alakh Pandey
✅ Dr Hariom Panwar
✅ Rashmi Arya
✅ Dr Sudhanshu Singh
🔆 SPORTS
📍 ICC T20 World Cup 2026
✅ Scotland replaces Bangladesh
📍 Reason:
✅ Bangladesh declined participation
📍 ICC applied governance & qualification rules
📍 Tennis
✅ Novak Djokovic achieves 400 Grand Slam match wins
📍 First player in history
📍 Achieved at:
✅ Australian Open
#CurrentAffairs
Join https://t.me/CurrentAffairs_ONLY
🔆 REGULATORY / RBI
📍 Forex Reserves Surge
✅ India’s forex reserves rise by $14 bn (week ending 16 Jan 2026)
✅ Highest weekly rise in 10 months
📍 Key Figures:
✅ Total reserves: $701.3 bn (13-week high)
✅ Previous week: $687 bn
✅ Record high: $705 bn (Sept 2024)
📍 Components
✅ FCA: +$9.6 bn → $560 bn
✅ Gold: +$4.6 bn
✅ SDR: −$35 mn → $18.7 bn
✅ IMF reserve position: −$73 mn → $4.6 bn
📍 Reason for Increase
✅ $10 bn buy/sell swap settlement
✅ Revaluation gains (gold prices & dollar assets)
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 WEF Report on AI & Jobs
✅ WEF white paper: “Four Futures for Jobs in the New Economy”
📍 Key Findings:
✅ 54% executives expect job displacement
✅ Only 24% expect new job creation
📍 Four AI Futures:
✅ Supercharged Progress
✅ Co-Pilot Economy
✅ Age of Displacement
✅ Stalled Progress
📍 UNESCO – Vietnam
✅ UNESCO announces $740,000 emergency aid
📍 Purpose:
✅ Protect cultural heritage & education
📍 Affected by typhoons:
✅ Wipha, Bualoi, Matmo
📍 Heritage sites:
✅ Hue, Hoi An
🔆 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Padma Shri – Unsung Heroes
✅ 45 citizens awarded Padma Shri (Republic Day 2026)
✅ Recognised for grassroots contributions
📍 Republic Day 2026
✅ Chief Guests:
➡ Antonio Costa (European Council)
➡ Ursula von der Leyen (European Commission)
📍 Theme:
✅ 150 Years of Vande Mataram
📍 Federated Intelligence Hackathon
✅ Organised by National Health Authority
📍 Venue: IIT Kanpur
📍 Focus:
✅ Health AI digital public goods
✅ Privacy-preserving federated AI
📍 Veer Gatha 5.0
✅ Awards ceremony held in New Delhi
📍 Initiative of:
✅ Ministry of Defence + Ministry of Education
📍 Winners:
✅ ₹10,000 prize
✅ Invitation to Republic Day Parade
📍 Cultural Heritage
✅ President inaugurates Granth Kutir at Rashtrapati Bhavan
📍 Features:
✅ Manuscripts & rare books
✅ 11 classical Indian languages
📍 Linked to:
✅ Gyan Bharatam Mission
📍 Renewable Energy Storage
✅ India targets 100 GW pumped hydro storage by 2047
📍 Purpose:
✅ Renewable energy integration
✅ Grid stability
📍 Climate-Resilient Agriculture
✅ Digital Climate Atlas (ACASA-India) launched
📍 NICRA completes 15 years
📍 Coverage:
✅ 200+ locations
✅ 151 climate-vulnerable districts
📍 Railway Safety Tech
✅ Indian Railways deploys humanoid robot ASC ARJUN
📍 Location: Visakhapatnam station
📍 Functions:
✅ Crowd monitoring
✅ Multilingual announcements
✅ Passenger assistance
📍 EdTech Startup
✅ AI-first edtech startup Fermi.ai launched
📍 Founders:
✅ Peeyush Ranjan
✅ Mukesh Bansal
📍 Focus:
✅ Conceptual STEM learning
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 Indian Navy – Indonesia Visit
✅ Training squadron visits Indonesia
📍 Linked to:
✅ Indian Ocean Naval Symposium
✅ MAHASAGAR vision
🔆 MoUs
📍 Renewable Energy Investment
✅ INOXGFL signs ₹17,000 cr MoUs
📍 States:
➡ Uttar Pradesh
➡ Assam
➡ Kerala
📍 Signed at:
✅ WEF Davos Summit
🔆 STATES
📍 Andhra Pradesh
✅ Venkaiah Naidu launches Sujana Health on Wheels
📍 Purpose:
✅ Doorstep healthcare via mobile vans
🔆 SCHEMES
📍 PM SVANidhi Credit Card
✅ Launched for street vendors
📍 Features:
✅ RuPay credit card
✅ Limit: ₹30,000
✅ Revolving credit
📍 Objective:
✅ Financial inclusion
✅ Reduce informal borrowing
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 24 January
✅ National Girl Child Day
✅ International Day of Education
📍 25 January
✅ National Voters’ Day
🔆 OBITUARY
📍 Journalism
✅ Veteran journalist Mark Tully passes away at 90
🔆 AWARDS
📍 Padma Awards 2026
✅ Total awards: 131
📍 Padma Vibhushan: 5
📍 Padma Bhushan: 13
📍 Padma Shri: 113
📍 Notable awardees:
✅ Uday Kotak
✅ Dharmendra
✅ Rohit Sharma
📍 UP Gaurav Samman 2026
✅ Shubhanshu Shukla
✅ Alakh Pandey
✅ Dr Hariom Panwar
✅ Rashmi Arya
✅ Dr Sudhanshu Singh
🔆 SPORTS
📍 ICC T20 World Cup 2026
✅ Scotland replaces Bangladesh
📍 Reason:
✅ Bangladesh declined participation
📍 ICC applied governance & qualification rules
📍 Tennis
✅ Novak Djokovic achieves 400 Grand Slam match wins
📍 First player in history
📍 Achieved at:
✅ Australian Open
#CurrentAffairs
Join https://t.me/CurrentAffairs_ONLY
❤10
🔆 Europeans in India – Quick Comparison (Prelims Ready)
📍 Portuguese East India Company
✅ Arrival: 1498 (Vasco da Gama)
✅ HQ: Goa
✅ Key Centres: Calicut (1500), Cochin (1503), Goa (1510), Diu (1535)
✅ First Factory: Calicut (1500)
✅ Exit from India: 1961
📍 Dutch East India Company (VOC)
✅ Established: 1602
✅ HQ: Pulicat (later Nagapattinam)
✅ Key Centres: Pulicat (1609), Surat (1616), Chinsurah (1653), Cochin (1663)
✅ First Factory: Masulipatnam (1605)
✅ Exit from India: 1825
📍 English East India Company (EIC)
✅ Established: 1600
✅ HQ: Calcutta (later Delhi under Crown Rule)
✅ Key Centres: Surat (1612), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), Calcutta (1690)
✅ First Factory: Surat (1613)
✅ Company Rule ended: 1858
✅ British left India: 1947
📍 Danish East India Company
✅ Established: 1616
✅ HQ: Tranquebar
✅ Key Centres: Tranquebar (1620), Serampore (1755)
✅ First Factory: Tranquebar (1620)
✅ Exit from India: 1845 (sold to British)
📍 French East India Company
✅ Established: 1664
✅ HQ: Pondicherry (Puducherry)
✅ Key Centres: Chandernagore (1673), Pondicherry (1674), Mahe, Yanam, Karaikal
✅ First Factory: Surat (1668)
✅ Exit from India: 1954
📌 Exam Tip:
👉 English stayed the longest in power; Portuguese stayed the longest physically (till 1961).
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
📍 Portuguese East India Company
✅ Arrival: 1498 (Vasco da Gama)
✅ HQ: Goa
✅ Key Centres: Calicut (1500), Cochin (1503), Goa (1510), Diu (1535)
✅ First Factory: Calicut (1500)
✅ Exit from India: 1961
📍 Dutch East India Company (VOC)
✅ Established: 1602
✅ HQ: Pulicat (later Nagapattinam)
✅ Key Centres: Pulicat (1609), Surat (1616), Chinsurah (1653), Cochin (1663)
✅ First Factory: Masulipatnam (1605)
✅ Exit from India: 1825
📍 English East India Company (EIC)
✅ Established: 1600
✅ HQ: Calcutta (later Delhi under Crown Rule)
✅ Key Centres: Surat (1612), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), Calcutta (1690)
✅ First Factory: Surat (1613)
✅ Company Rule ended: 1858
✅ British left India: 1947
📍 Danish East India Company
✅ Established: 1616
✅ HQ: Tranquebar
✅ Key Centres: Tranquebar (1620), Serampore (1755)
✅ First Factory: Tranquebar (1620)
✅ Exit from India: 1845 (sold to British)
📍 French East India Company
✅ Established: 1664
✅ HQ: Pondicherry (Puducherry)
✅ Key Centres: Chandernagore (1673), Pondicherry (1674), Mahe, Yanam, Karaikal
✅ First Factory: Surat (1668)
✅ Exit from India: 1954
📌 Exam Tip:
👉 English stayed the longest in power; Portuguese stayed the longest physically (till 1961).
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
🔥7❤3
Forwarded from Anmol vachan PDF
2. BIOTECH (1).pdf
50 MB
🔆 Place in News: Myanmar
📍 Why in News?
✅ Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) won elections in Myanmar
📍 Political–Geographical Profile
✅ Capital: Naypyidaw
✅ Region: Southeast Asia
📍 Land Boundaries
✅ West: Bangladesh, India
✅ North & Northeast: China
✅ East: Laos
✅ Southeast: Thailand
📍 Maritime Boundaries
✅ South: Andaman Sea
✅ Southwest: Bay of Bengal
📍 Physiography
✅ Mountain Ranges: Bago Yoma, Rakhine Yoma, Tenasserim Hills, Shan Hills
✅ Highest Peak: Hkakabo Razi
✅ Major Rivers: Irrawaddy, Chindwin, Salween, Mekong
📍 Natural Resources
✅ Petroleum, natural gas
✅ Timber, coal
✅ Tin, copper, tungsten, lead
✅ Marble, limestone
✅ High hydropower potential
#places_in_news
Join https://t.me/Mapping_prelims_mains
📍 Why in News?
✅ Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) won elections in Myanmar
📍 Political–Geographical Profile
✅ Capital: Naypyidaw
✅ Region: Southeast Asia
📍 Land Boundaries
✅ West: Bangladesh, India
✅ North & Northeast: China
✅ East: Laos
✅ Southeast: Thailand
📍 Maritime Boundaries
✅ South: Andaman Sea
✅ Southwest: Bay of Bengal
📍 Physiography
✅ Mountain Ranges: Bago Yoma, Rakhine Yoma, Tenasserim Hills, Shan Hills
✅ Highest Peak: Hkakabo Razi
✅ Major Rivers: Irrawaddy, Chindwin, Salween, Mekong
📍 Natural Resources
✅ Petroleum, natural gas
✅ Timber, coal
✅ Tin, copper, tungsten, lead
✅ Marble, limestone
✅ High hydropower potential
#places_in_news
Join https://t.me/Mapping_prelims_mains
❤6
Day 41: 28 January target:
Modern History
Topics:
Governor generals
Reforms in civil services, police, judicial, etc.
Economic and revenue policies of british
Important congress sessions
Foreign policy
Misc.
Current Affairs: December 2025
Revision
Social issues, history, art and culture related
#UpscRevisionProgram
After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/upsc_answer_written
Modern History
Topics:
Governor generals
Reforms in civil services, police, judicial, etc.
Economic and revenue policies of british
Important congress sessions
Foreign policy
Misc.
Current Affairs: December 2025
Revision
Social issues, history, art and culture related
#UpscRevisionProgram
After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/upsc_answer_written
❤1
#Goodmorning
⏳116 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳205 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳172 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳131 days Left OPSC prelims 07 June
⏳124 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳88 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳88 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳87 days Left bpsc mains 25 April
⏳74 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳62 days Left PPSC mains 1 April
⏳41 days Left JPSC PRELIMS 8 March
⏳25 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳116 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳205 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳172 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳131 days Left OPSC prelims 07 June
⏳124 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳88 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳88 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳87 days Left bpsc mains 25 April
⏳74 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳62 days Left PPSC mains 1 April
⏳41 days Left JPSC PRELIMS 8 March
⏳25 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤3
🔆 White-bellied Heron
📍 Context
✅ Union Environment Ministry panel recommended environmental clearance for the Kalai-II Hydroelectric Project on the Lohit River (Arunachal Pradesh)
✅ Conservationists flagged serious threats to the White-bellied Heron, one of the world’s rarest birds
📍 About White-bellied Heron
✅ Other names:
• Imperial Heron
• Great White-bellied Heron
✅ Key features:
• Second-largest living heron species
• Distinct white belly with dark upper plumage
• Non-migratory, but shows local / post-breeding dispersal
📍 Habitat
✅ Prefers undisturbed riverine ecosystems
✅ Found along rivers and wetlands in the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas
📍 Geographical Distribution
✅ Indian Subcontinent → Southeast Asia
✅ India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam
✅ Also found in Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar
📍 Conservation Status
✅ IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered
✅ India: Schedule-I species under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
📍 Why the News Matters
✅ Hydropower projects may:
• Alter natural river flow and sediment regimes
• Destroy nesting and feeding habitats
• Increase human pressure in fragile Himalayan ecosystems
#GS3 #Environment #species
Join https://t.me/Upsc_4_environment
📍 Context
✅ Union Environment Ministry panel recommended environmental clearance for the Kalai-II Hydroelectric Project on the Lohit River (Arunachal Pradesh)
✅ Conservationists flagged serious threats to the White-bellied Heron, one of the world’s rarest birds
📍 About White-bellied Heron
✅ Other names:
• Imperial Heron
• Great White-bellied Heron
✅ Key features:
• Second-largest living heron species
• Distinct white belly with dark upper plumage
• Non-migratory, but shows local / post-breeding dispersal
📍 Habitat
✅ Prefers undisturbed riverine ecosystems
✅ Found along rivers and wetlands in the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas
📍 Geographical Distribution
✅ Indian Subcontinent → Southeast Asia
✅ India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam
✅ Also found in Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar
📍 Conservation Status
✅ IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered
✅ India: Schedule-I species under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
📍 Why the News Matters
✅ Hydropower projects may:
• Alter natural river flow and sediment regimes
• Destroy nesting and feeding habitats
• Increase human pressure in fragile Himalayan ecosystems
#GS3 #Environment #species
Join https://t.me/Upsc_4_environment
❤8
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS — 27 JANUARY 2026
🔆 BANKING & FINANCE
📍 UPI Global Expansion
✅ Japan to trial India’s UPI in 2026
📍 Partners:
➡ NPCI
➡ NTT Data (Japan)
📍 Mode:
✅ QR-based, direct debit from Indian bank accounts
📍 UPI Countries
✅ Bhutan, Singapore, France, Sri Lanka, UAE
✅ Japan next
📍 NPCI also helping Peru & Namibia build UPI-like systems
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 India–EU Relations
✅ EU leaders chief guests at 77th Republic Day
📍 Followed by 16th India–EU Summit
📍 Agenda:
✅ Free Trade Agreement
✅ Security & Defence Partnership
📍 Trade & Investment
✅ EU = India’s largest goods trading partner
➡ Trade: $136 bn (2024–25)
➡ Services trade: $53 bn (record)
➡ EU FDI stock: €140 bn
➡ 6,000+ European firms in India
📍 Strategic Shift
✅ Trade moving to electronics, machinery, speciality chemicals
✅ Supports China-Plus-One strategy
🔆 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Republic Day Parade 2026
✅ Bactrian camels “Galwan & Nubra” to march on Kartavya Path
📍 Showcases Ladakh’s cold-desert heritage
📍 About Bactrian Camel
✅ Double-humped | Cold-desert adapted
✅ India: Found only in Nubra Valley (Ladakh)
📍 Conservation:
➡ Wild: Critically Endangered
➡ Domestic: Common
📍 Agarwood Economy
✅ ₹80 crore Agarwood Value Chain Development Scheme launched in Tripura
📍 Target:
✅ ₹2,000 crore turnover
📍 Agarwood:
➡ Fragrant resin from Aquilaria trees
➡ CITES Appendix-II listed
📍 Public Health – Malaria
✅ India cuts malaria cases & deaths by 80%+ (2015–2023)
📍 Zero indigenous cases:
✅ 160 districts across 23 States/UTs
📍 Key Initiatives:
✅ NFME (2016–2030)
✅ National Strategic Plan (3Ts)
✅ MERA India (ICMR)
📍 Tourism Development
✅ ₹450 crore Matabari Tourism Circuit foundation laid (Tripura)
📍 Focus:
✅ Spiritual & eco-tourism
✅ Community livelihoods
📍 Electoral Reforms
✅ ECI releases report “2025: A Year of Initiatives & Innovations”
📍 Occasion:
✅ 16th National Voters’ Day 2026
📍 Theme:
✅ My India, My Vote
📍 ECI Chair assumes leadership of International IDEA
🔆 ENVIRONMENT & BIODIVERSITY
📍 Wildlife Sighting
✅ Asiatic Wild Dog (Dhole) spotted for first time in Ratapani Tiger Reserve (MP)
📍 Status:
➡ IUCN: Endangered
➡ WPA: Schedule-II
📍 Gharial Conservation
✅ Gandak River (Bihar) becomes India’s 2nd-largest gharial habitat
📍 Adult population:
➡ 2015: 54 → 2025: 400+
📍 Status:
➡ IUCN: Critically Endangered
🔆 DEFENCE / AVIATION
📍 Wings India 2026
✅ Asia’s largest civil aviation event
📍 Date: 28–31 Jan 2026
📍 Venue: Begumpet Airport, Hyderabad
📍 Theme:
✅ Indian Aviation: Paving the Future
🔆 STATES
📍 Tamil Nadu
✅ Dugong Conservation Centre plan sent back for redesign
📍 Reason:
➡ CRZ-I & CRZ-III ecological sensitivity
📍 Assam
✅ First phase of Assam’s largest multi-sports stadium to be inaugurated
📍 Location: Dibrugarh
📍 Capacity: 35,000
📍 Madhya Pradesh
✅ 2026 to be observed as Year of Agriculture
📍 Agri budget rises to ₹27,000 crore
📍 New tiger reserve:
✅ Madhav National Park (9th)
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 26 January
✅ International Customs Day
✅ International Day of Clean Energy
🔆 OBITUARY
📍 Cricket Administration
✅ Former BCCI President Inderjit Singh Bindra passes away
🔆 AWARDs
📍 Jeevan Raksha Padak Awards 2025
✅ 30 awardees
➡ Sarvottam: 6
➡ Uttam: 6
➡ Jeevan Raksha: 18
📍 Established: 1961
📍 Analytics & Governance
✅ Anna Chakra (DFPD) shortlisted for Franz Edelman Award 2026
📍 Purpose:
✅ Optimise PDS logistics using analytics
🔆 GALLANTRY AWARDS
📍 Ashoka Chakra
✅ Awarded to Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla
📍 Achievement:
✅ First Indian to visit ISS
📍 Kirti Chakra
✅ Major Arshdeep Singh
✅ Naib Subedar Doleshwar Subba Singh
✅ Group Captain Prashanth Balakrishnan Nair
📍 Padma Shri
✅ K. Pajanivel (Silambam exponent, Puducherry)
#CurrentAffairs
Join https://t.me/CurrentAffairs_ONLY
🔆 BANKING & FINANCE
📍 UPI Global Expansion
✅ Japan to trial India’s UPI in 2026
📍 Partners:
➡ NPCI
➡ NTT Data (Japan)
📍 Mode:
✅ QR-based, direct debit from Indian bank accounts
📍 UPI Countries
✅ Bhutan, Singapore, France, Sri Lanka, UAE
✅ Japan next
📍 NPCI also helping Peru & Namibia build UPI-like systems
🔆 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 India–EU Relations
✅ EU leaders chief guests at 77th Republic Day
📍 Followed by 16th India–EU Summit
📍 Agenda:
✅ Free Trade Agreement
✅ Security & Defence Partnership
📍 Trade & Investment
✅ EU = India’s largest goods trading partner
➡ Trade: $136 bn (2024–25)
➡ Services trade: $53 bn (record)
➡ EU FDI stock: €140 bn
➡ 6,000+ European firms in India
📍 Strategic Shift
✅ Trade moving to electronics, machinery, speciality chemicals
✅ Supports China-Plus-One strategy
🔆 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
📍 Republic Day Parade 2026
✅ Bactrian camels “Galwan & Nubra” to march on Kartavya Path
📍 Showcases Ladakh’s cold-desert heritage
📍 About Bactrian Camel
✅ Double-humped | Cold-desert adapted
✅ India: Found only in Nubra Valley (Ladakh)
📍 Conservation:
➡ Wild: Critically Endangered
➡ Domestic: Common
📍 Agarwood Economy
✅ ₹80 crore Agarwood Value Chain Development Scheme launched in Tripura
📍 Target:
✅ ₹2,000 crore turnover
📍 Agarwood:
➡ Fragrant resin from Aquilaria trees
➡ CITES Appendix-II listed
📍 Public Health – Malaria
✅ India cuts malaria cases & deaths by 80%+ (2015–2023)
📍 Zero indigenous cases:
✅ 160 districts across 23 States/UTs
📍 Key Initiatives:
✅ NFME (2016–2030)
✅ National Strategic Plan (3Ts)
✅ MERA India (ICMR)
📍 Tourism Development
✅ ₹450 crore Matabari Tourism Circuit foundation laid (Tripura)
📍 Focus:
✅ Spiritual & eco-tourism
✅ Community livelihoods
📍 Electoral Reforms
✅ ECI releases report “2025: A Year of Initiatives & Innovations”
📍 Occasion:
✅ 16th National Voters’ Day 2026
📍 Theme:
✅ My India, My Vote
📍 ECI Chair assumes leadership of International IDEA
🔆 ENVIRONMENT & BIODIVERSITY
📍 Wildlife Sighting
✅ Asiatic Wild Dog (Dhole) spotted for first time in Ratapani Tiger Reserve (MP)
📍 Status:
➡ IUCN: Endangered
➡ WPA: Schedule-II
📍 Gharial Conservation
✅ Gandak River (Bihar) becomes India’s 2nd-largest gharial habitat
📍 Adult population:
➡ 2015: 54 → 2025: 400+
📍 Status:
➡ IUCN: Critically Endangered
🔆 DEFENCE / AVIATION
📍 Wings India 2026
✅ Asia’s largest civil aviation event
📍 Date: 28–31 Jan 2026
📍 Venue: Begumpet Airport, Hyderabad
📍 Theme:
✅ Indian Aviation: Paving the Future
🔆 STATES
📍 Tamil Nadu
✅ Dugong Conservation Centre plan sent back for redesign
📍 Reason:
➡ CRZ-I & CRZ-III ecological sensitivity
📍 Assam
✅ First phase of Assam’s largest multi-sports stadium to be inaugurated
📍 Location: Dibrugarh
📍 Capacity: 35,000
📍 Madhya Pradesh
✅ 2026 to be observed as Year of Agriculture
📍 Agri budget rises to ₹27,000 crore
📍 New tiger reserve:
✅ Madhav National Park (9th)
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 26 January
✅ International Customs Day
✅ International Day of Clean Energy
🔆 OBITUARY
📍 Cricket Administration
✅ Former BCCI President Inderjit Singh Bindra passes away
🔆 AWARDs
📍 Jeevan Raksha Padak Awards 2025
✅ 30 awardees
➡ Sarvottam: 6
➡ Uttam: 6
➡ Jeevan Raksha: 18
📍 Established: 1961
📍 Analytics & Governance
✅ Anna Chakra (DFPD) shortlisted for Franz Edelman Award 2026
📍 Purpose:
✅ Optimise PDS logistics using analytics
🔆 GALLANTRY AWARDS
📍 Ashoka Chakra
✅ Awarded to Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla
📍 Achievement:
✅ First Indian to visit ISS
📍 Kirti Chakra
✅ Major Arshdeep Singh
✅ Naib Subedar Doleshwar Subba Singh
✅ Group Captain Prashanth Balakrishnan Nair
📍 Padma Shri
✅ K. Pajanivel (Silambam exponent, Puducherry)
#CurrentAffairs
Join https://t.me/CurrentAffairs_ONLY
❤13🔥2👌1
🔆 Interim Government of India (1946–47)
📍 Period: 2 Sept 1946 – 15 Aug 1947
📍 Head: Jawaharlal Nehru
🏛️ Key Ministers & Portfolios
✅ Jawaharlal Nehru
• Vice-President, Executive Council
• External Affairs
• Commonwealth Relations
✅ Vallabhbhai Patel
• Home
• Information & Broadcasting
✅ Baldev Singh
• Defence
✅ C. Rajagopalachari
• Education
✅ C. H. Bhabha
• Works, Mines & Power
✅ Rajendra Prasad
• Agriculture & Food
✅ Jagjivan Ram
• Labour
✅ Asaf Ali
• Railways
🕌 Muslim League Members
✅ Liaquat Ali Khan
• Finance
✅ Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar
• Commerce
✅ Abdur Rab Nishtar
• Communications
✅ Ghazanf ar Ali Khan
• Health
✅ Jogendra Nath Mandal
• Law
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
📍 Period: 2 Sept 1946 – 15 Aug 1947
📍 Head: Jawaharlal Nehru
🏛️ Key Ministers & Portfolios
✅ Jawaharlal Nehru
• Vice-President, Executive Council
• External Affairs
• Commonwealth Relations
✅ Vallabhbhai Patel
• Home
• Information & Broadcasting
✅ Baldev Singh
• Defence
✅ C. Rajagopalachari
• Education
✅ C. H. Bhabha
• Works, Mines & Power
✅ Rajendra Prasad
• Agriculture & Food
✅ Jagjivan Ram
• Labour
✅ Asaf Ali
• Railways
🕌 Muslim League Members
✅ Liaquat Ali Khan
• Finance
✅ Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar
• Commerce
✅ Abdur Rab Nishtar
• Communications
✅ Ghazanf ar Ali Khan
• Health
✅ Jogendra Nath Mandal
• Law
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
❤8👌2
🔆 National Critical Mineral Mission (NCCM / NCMM)
📍 Key Facts
✅ Launch: 2025 (Union Budget 2024–25)
✅ Approved by Cabinet: Jan 2025
✅ Outlay: ₹16,300 crore
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Mines
✅ Target: 1,200 exploration projects (2024–25 to 2030–31) by GSI
📍 About National Critical Mineral Mission
✅ Adopted Whole-of-Government approach
• Coordination with ministries, PSUs, private sector & research institutions
✅ Administrative Ministry: Ministry of Mines
✅ Empowered Committee:
• Chaired by Cabinet Secretary
• Members from key stakeholder ministries
📍 Objectives
✅ Secure critical mineral supply chains (domestic + overseas)
✅ Reduce import dependence & geopolitical risks
✅ Strengthen value chain:
• Exploration → Mining → Beneficiation → Processing → Recycling
✅ Boost technology, skills, finance & global competitiveness
📍 Exploration Push
✅ GSI mandate: 1,200 projects
✅ Focus on deep-seated & strategic minerals
📍 What are Critical Minerals?
✅ Essential for economic development & national security
✅ Vulnerable due to:
• Import dependence
• Geographical concentration of supply
📍 Legal Backing
✅ 30 Critical Minerals identified (Nov 2022 committee)
✅ 24 minerals added to Part D, Schedule I of MMDR Act, 1957
◦ Gives Central Government exclusive auction powers
📍 India’s Critical Minerals List (Important for Prelims)
✅ Lithium, Cobalt, Nickel, Graphite
✅ Rare Earth Elements (REEs), PGE
✅ Copper, Tin, Tungsten, Titanium
✅ Gallium, Germanium, Indium
✅ Antimony, Vanadium, Zirconium, Silicon, etc.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
📍 Key Facts
✅ Launch: 2025 (Union Budget 2024–25)
✅ Approved by Cabinet: Jan 2025
✅ Outlay: ₹16,300 crore
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Mines
✅ Target: 1,200 exploration projects (2024–25 to 2030–31) by GSI
📍 About National Critical Mineral Mission
✅ Adopted Whole-of-Government approach
• Coordination with ministries, PSUs, private sector & research institutions
✅ Administrative Ministry: Ministry of Mines
✅ Empowered Committee:
• Chaired by Cabinet Secretary
• Members from key stakeholder ministries
📍 Objectives
✅ Secure critical mineral supply chains (domestic + overseas)
✅ Reduce import dependence & geopolitical risks
✅ Strengthen value chain:
• Exploration → Mining → Beneficiation → Processing → Recycling
✅ Boost technology, skills, finance & global competitiveness
📍 Exploration Push
✅ GSI mandate: 1,200 projects
✅ Focus on deep-seated & strategic minerals
📍 What are Critical Minerals?
✅ Essential for economic development & national security
✅ Vulnerable due to:
• Import dependence
• Geographical concentration of supply
📍 Legal Backing
✅ 30 Critical Minerals identified (Nov 2022 committee)
✅ 24 minerals added to Part D, Schedule I of MMDR Act, 1957
◦ Gives Central Government exclusive auction powers
📍 India’s Critical Minerals List (Important for Prelims)
✅ Lithium, Cobalt, Nickel, Graphite
✅ Rare Earth Elements (REEs), PGE
✅ Copper, Tin, Tungsten, Titanium
✅ Gallium, Germanium, Indium
✅ Antimony, Vanadium, Zirconium, Silicon, etc.
#goverment_schemes
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_government_scheme
❤6👍2👌2🔥1
Day 42: 29 January target:
Modern History
Topics:
Revision
PYQs
Current Affairs:
No current affairs for today
#UpscRevisionProgram
After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/upsc_answer_written
Modern History
Topics:
Revision
PYQs
Current Affairs:
No current affairs for today
#UpscRevisionProgram
After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.
https://t.me/CSE_EXAM
https://t.me/upsc_answer_written
❤3👍2👌1
#Goodmorning
⏳115 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳204 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳171 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳130 days Left OPSC prelims 07 June
⏳123 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳87 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳87 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳86 days Left bpsc mains 25 April
⏳73 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳61 days Left PPSC mains 1 April
⏳40 days Left JPSC PRELIMS 8 March
⏳24 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳115 days left CSP26[ 24-05-26]
⏳204 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳171 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳130 days Left OPSC prelims 07 June
⏳123 days left MPSC (MH) prelims [ 31-05-26]
⏳RAS PRELIMS may
⏳87 days Left MPPSC (MP) Prelims 26 April
⏳87 days Left HCS Prelims 26 April
⏳86 days Left bpsc mains 25 April
⏳73 days Left CDS1 /NDA 12 April
⏳61 days Left PPSC mains 1 April
⏳40 days Left JPSC PRELIMS 8 March
⏳24 days CGPSC prelims 22 February
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤4👏2👌1