🔆 Important Sun Temples in India

📍 1. Modhera Sun Temple – Gujarat
✅ Built in the 11th century during the Solanki dynasty.
✅ Dedicated to Surya (Sun God).
✅ Famous for the Surya Kund (stepwell) and intricate carvings.

📍 2. Konark Sun Temple – Odisha
✅ Built by Narasimhadeva I in the 13th century.
✅ Designed as a giant chariot (Rath) of the Sun God with 24 carved wheels.
✅ Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

📍 3. Brahmanya Dev Temple – Madhya Pradesh (Unao)
✅ Dedicated to the Sun God and known for historical significance.

📍 4. Suriyanar Kovil – Tamil Nadu
✅ Built in the 11th century in Dravidian architectural style.
✅ Unique temple with shrines for Navagraha (nine celestial bodies).
✅ Known for its five-tiered Gopuram.

📍 5. Sri Suryanarayana Swamy Temple Arasavalli – Andhra Pradesh
✅ Believed to be built by a Kalinga ruler in the 7th century.
✅ Idol made of granite holding a lotus.

📍 6. Dakshinaarka Sun Temple – Bihar
✅ Built in the 13th century by Prataparudra.
✅ Idol shows Persian-style attire (boots, jacket, girdle).
✅ Nearby Surya Kund (sacred water tank).

📍 7. Navlakha Temple Ghumli – Gujarat
✅ Built in the 11th century in Solanki / Maru-Gurjara architecture.
✅ East-facing temple built on a large platform.

📍 8. Surya Pahar – Assam
✅ Important archaeological site with Sun worship remains and temples.

📍 9. Martand Sun Temple – Jammu & Kashmir
✅ Built by Lalitaditya Muktapida in the 8th century.
✅ One of the earliest and grandest Sun temples in India.

📍 Exam Pointer (UPSC)
✅ Konark – Odisha – Chariot architecture
✅ Modhera – Gujarat – Surya Kund
✅ Martand – Kashmir – Karkota dynasty
✅ Suriyanar Kovil – Navagraha temple

#prelims
#art_and_culture

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Yesterday felt heavy.

When results come out, people only see a list of names.

What they don’t see is the years behind those names.

The sacrifices.
The discipline.
The silent struggles.

The nights when someone studied despite exhaustion.
The mornings when they started again despite fear.

This time, some students I truly believed in could not make it through the interview stage.

And honestly, it hurts.

But that’s the reality of this exam.

The UPSC journey is brutal.

Sometimes people do everything right and still fall short.

Sometimes the difference between success and failure is just a few marks.

Many of you already know this reality.

Some have cleared Prelims multiple times but not Mains.
Some have reached Mains but not Interview.
Some are still fighting to clear Prelims despite working harder than most people around them.

That is what makes this journey different.

Right now, we have 77 days left for Prelims.

Seventy-seven days.

That is not a short time.

That is a battle window.

And I know many of you reading this are capable of clearing this stage.

Not just Prelims.

Some of you have the potential to reach the final list one day.

But remember one thing:

Potential does not create ranks.

Relentless effort does.

This exam does not reward half-hearted preparation.

It demands
Intensity.
Consistency.
Calmness under pressure.

Sometimes we have to become a little stoic.

You accept the setback.
You absorb the disappointment.
And then you return to work.

That is the only way forward.

To every aspirant reading this who feels this message is meant for them —

Yes, I’m talking to you.

I believe in you.

I have seen your effort.
I have seen your discipline.
I know what you are capable of.

But belief alone is not enough.

Now we must convert it into results.

These next 77 days matter.

Every day matters.
Every revision matters.
Every mock test matters.

If you are still in this journey —

Give it everything you have.

Because there is no other way.

Let’s stand up again.
Let’s prepare harder.
Let’s push through the doubt.

And this time —

Let’s fight for that rank. 🔥


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🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS — 6 MARCH 2026

🔆 BANKING & FINANCE

📍 Digital Rupee (e₹)
✅ India’s Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) issued by RBI
✅ Legal tender & sovereign currency

📍 UN Praises India’s Women Banking Inclusion Model
📍 Scheme Highlighted
✅ Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)

📊 Achievements
✅ 290+ million women brought into banking
✅ Women hold ~56% accounts under PMJDY

📍 Success Factors
✅ Digital ID
✅ Simplified account opening
✅ Digital payments ecosystem

🔆 INTERNATIONAL

📍 World’s Richest People (Forbes 2026)
🏆 Elon Musk remains world’s richest person
💰 Net worth: $841.4 billion

📊 Countries represented in Top 10
✅ United States – majority
✅ France – 1 billionaire
✅ Others – limited representation

📍 Yellowstone’s Echinus Geyser Erupts After 6 Years
📍 Location: Yellowstone National Park, USA
📍 Known as world’s largest acidic geyser

📍 Montana Installs First Gandhi Bust
📍 Location: University of Montana, USA
📍 Venue: Mike Mansfield Center
🎁 Gift from Government of India

📍 UN Women Report 2026
📊 Women possess only 64% of men’s legal rights globally

📍 Key Issues
✅ 54% countries lack consent-based rape laws
✅ Many countries still allow child marriage
✅ 44% countries lack equal pay laws

📍 Chile Eliminates Leprosy
🏥 Verified by WHO & PAHO
✅ No local transmission since 1993

🌍 Global context
✅ Jordan (2024) – first country verified
✅ Chile – second globally, first in Americas

📍 Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease)
🦠 Caused by Mycobacterium leprae

🔆 NATIONAL

📍 Digital Tools Launched for Census 2027
👤 Launched by Union Home Minister Amit Shah

📍 Platforms
✅ House Listing Block Creator Web App
✅ HLO Mobile App
✅ Self-Enumeration Portal
✅ Census Monitoring System

📍 Developed by
✅ C-DAC

📍 Mascots
✅ Pragati – women
✅ Vikas – men

📍 India’s First Riverine Lighthouses on Brahmaputra
📍 National Waterway-2 (NW-2)

📍 Locations (Assam)
✅ Bogibeel
✅ Pandu
✅ Silghat
✅ Biswanath Ghat

📍 Key Features
✅ Height: 20 m
✅ Range: 14 nautical miles
✅ Fully solar powered

📍 Oxford Museum Returns Tirumankai Alvar Bronze
🏛 Museum: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford (UK)
📍 Origin: Soundararajaperumal Temple, Tamil Nadu

📍 Tirumankai Alvar
✅ One of the 12 Alvar saints of Vaishnavism

📍 GI-Tagged Karbi Anglong Ginger Exported to London
📍 State: Assam

📍 Cultivation methods
✅ Jhum cultivation
✅ Tila (hill-slope) farming

📍 Characteristics
✅ Strong aroma
✅ Intense flavour

📍 India Promotes Sustainable Tourism at ITB Berlin 2026
👤 Minister: Gajendra Singh Shekhawat

📍 Tourism Initiatives
✅ Swadesh Darshan Scheme
✅ PRASHAD Scheme

📍 Connectivity expansion
✅ Airports increased from 74 → 160+

🔆 MoUs

📍 India–Finland Agreements
👤 Leaders: PM Narendra Modi & President Alexander Stubb

📍 Cooperation Areas
✅ Environmental cooperation
✅ Migration & mobility
✅ Statistics collaboration

📍 Event
✅ Raisina Dialogue 2026

🔆 STATES

📍 Maharashtra Introduces Offline e-Crop Registration
📍 Under Digital Crop Survey (DCS)

📍 Feature
✅ Farmers can capture crop photos offline
✅ Auto-upload when internet available

📍 Hatti Risala Festival (Maharashtra)
📍 Location: Jalna
📅 Held on Dhulivandan (day after Holi)
🎯 Symbol of communal harmony

📍 Community Conservation in Ladakh
🦆 Villagers protect Ruddy Shelducks during breeding season
📍 Breeding area: Mudh Valley, Ladakh

📍 Oleum Gas Leak in Palghar
📍 Oleum: Sulphur trioxide dissolved in sulphuric acid

📍 Agencies involved
✅ NDRF
✅ BARC

📍 Darjeeling Hill Festival
👤 Inaugurated by President Droupadi Murmu
📍 Venue: Raj Bhavan (Lok Bhavan), Darjeeling

📍 Cultural highlights
✅ Dokra metal craft
✅ Toda tribal embroidery

🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS

📅 International Day for Disarmament & Non-Proliferation Awareness
📅 Observed: 5 March

🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

📍 Cassava Brown Streak Disease (CBSD)
🦠 Viral disease affecting cassava crops

📍 Impacts
✅ Root necrosis
✅ Severe yield losses

#CurrentAffairs

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🔆 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel – (1875–1950)

📍 About Sardar Patel
✅ Born 31 October 1875, Gujarat (peasant family).
✅ Birth anniversary = Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day).
✅ Known as the Iron Man of India.

📍 Pre-Independence Contributions
✅ Kheda Satyagraha (1918) & Ahmedabad Mill Strike → emerged as national leader.
✅ Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) → led peasants against revenue hikes; earned the title “Sardar”.
✅ As INC President (Karachi, 1931) → passed resolutions on Fundamental Rights & Economic Policy.

📍 Post-Independence Contributions
✅ Architect of Political Integration → unified 500+ princely states (e.g., Junagadh, Hyderabad via Operation Polo).
✅ Ensured internal stability during Partition as India’s first Deputy PM & Home Minister.
✅ Built the All India Services (IAS, IPS) → India’s administrative “Steel Frame”.

📍 Values
✅ Integrity
✅ Leadership
✅ Patriotism
✅ Courage & Determination

#history

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🔆 Shipbuilding Financial Assistance Scheme (SBFAS)

📍 In News
✅ The Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW) notified operational guidelines for two major initiatives:
▪️ Shipbuilding Financial Assistance Scheme (SBFAS)
▪️ Shipbuilding Development Scheme (SbDS)

📍 About SBFAS
✅ Objective:
▪️ Financial assistance of 15%–25% per vessel, based on vessel category (small, large, specialised)
▪️ Strengthen domestic shipbuilding competitiveness

✅ National Shipbuilding Mission:
▪️ To ensure coordinated planning and execution of shipbuilding initiatives

✅ Shipbreaking Credit (New Provision):
▪️ Ship owners scrapping vessels at Indian yards receive 40% of scrap value as credit
▪️ Promotes circular economy and domestic ship recycling

📍 About Shipbuilding Development Scheme (SbDS)
✅ Objective: Long-term capacity and capability creation in shipbuilding

✅ Key Provisions:
▪️ Development of greenfield shipbuilding clusters
▪️ Expansion & modernisation of existing brownfield shipyards
▪️ Establishment of India Ship Technology Centre under Indian Maritime University

#goverment_schemes

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🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS — 7 MARCH 2026

🔆 NATIONAL

📍 IBM Launches Infrastructure Innovation Centre
📍 Location: Bengaluru

🎯 Focus
✅ Hybrid cloud technologies
✅ Enterprise AI infrastructure development

📍 Centre established within IBM India Systems Development Lab (ISDL)

📍 Cycling League of India (CLI)
🚴 World’s first franchise-based road cycling league

👤 Launched by: Mansukh Mandaviya

📍 League Structure
✅ 8 franchises
✅ Teams include international & junior cyclists

📍 Competition Format
✅ Criterium races
✅ Team time trials
✅ Mass start races

📍 Mahila Jan Sunwai Programme
👤 Organised by National Commission for Women (NCW)

📅 Start: 8 March 2026

📍 Under Programme
✅ Rashtriya Mahila Aayog Aapke Dwaar

🎯 Objective
✅ Provide direct grievance redressal for women

📍 Raisina Dialogue 2026

📍 Theme
✅ “Saṁskāra – Assertion, Accommodation, Advancement”

📍 Organised by
✅ Observer Research Foundation (ORF)
✅ Ministry of External Affairs

📍 New Initiative
✅ Raisina Science Diplomacy Initiative (SDI) launched

📍 Noida International Airport (Jewar) Gets Aerodrome License

✈ Regulator: DGCA

📍 Developer
✅ Yamuna International Airport Pvt Ltd (YIAPL)
➡ Subsidiary of Zurich Airport International AG

📍 Features
✅ Runway: 3,900 m × 45 m
✅ ILS + Aeronautical Ground Lighting for 24×7 operations

📍 Capacity
✅ Phase-1: 12 million passengers/year
✅ Final capacity: 70 million passengers/yea

📍 Revamped MPLADS eSAKSHI Portal Dashboard

📍 Launched: 1 April 2023

📍 Developed by
✅ Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI)

📍 Features
✅ Online fund authorisation for MPs
✅ Real-time monitoring of projects & expenditure

🔆 DEFENCE

📍 Minuteman III Missile Test (USA)

🚀 Type: Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM)

📍 Features
✅ Part of US nuclear triad
✅ Speed: Mach 23
✅ Range: 6,000+ miles

🔆 MoUs

📍 Pondicherry University – CCPD MoU

📍 Aim
✅ Promote accessibility & inclusion for persons with disabilities

📍 CCPD
✅ Under Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities

📍 Adani Group Partners with UNESCO

📅 Event: World Engineering Day 2026

📍 Project Highlight
⚡ Khavda Renewable Energy Park (Gujarat)

📍 Key Facts
✅ Area: 538 sq km
✅ Target capacity: 30 GW by 2029

📍 DGT–Bajaj Auto Flexi-MoU

📍 Under Revised Flexi-MoU Scheme (2024)

📍 Key Points
✅ Bajaj Auto becomes Industry Training Partner
✅ 1,000 trainees in first year
✅ Training up to 24 months

🔆 STATES

📍 Kerala Launches “MeHEALTH” App

📍 Purpose
✅ Locate government hospitals & services
✅ Provide details of labs, pharmacies & blood banks

📍 Andhra Pradesh Fertility Incentive Scheme

💰 Incentive: ₹25,000

📍 Applicable for
✅ Second or third child

📍 Reason
📊 State TFR: 1.5 (below replacement level 2.1)

📍 Gujarat Launches “herSTART 5.0”

🎯 Promote women-led startups

📍 Support
✅ Mentorship
✅ Incubation
✅ Market access

📍 Launched at Gujarat University

🔆 SCHEMES / GOVERNANCE

📍 SWAYATT Initiative (GeM)
📅 Launched: 19 Feb 2019

📍 Full Form
✅ Startups, Women and Youth Advantage through e-Transactions

🎯 Aim
✅ Inclusive government procurement

📍 Platforms
✅ Startup Runway
✅ Womaniya

📊 Impact
✅ Women entrepreneur orders: ₹83,323 crore (FY26)

🔆 WOMEN ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT INITIATIVES

📍 Key Schemes
✅ Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana
✅ DAY-NRLM
✅ NaMo Drone Didi Yojana
✅ Lakhpati Didi Scheme
✅ PM Mudra Yojana
✅ PM Jan Dhan Yojana
✅ PM SVANidhi
✅ Stand-Up India Scheme

🔆 IMPORTANT DAY

📅 World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development
📅 Observed: 4 March 2026

📍 Theme 2026
✅ “Smart Engineering for Sustainable Future through Innovation and Digitalization”

🔆 APPOINTMENTS

📍 Dr Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi
✅ Reappointed Drugs Controller General of India

📍 New Governors / LGs Appointed
✅ Shiv Pratap Shukla – Telangana
✅ Jishnu Dev Varma – Maharashtra
✅ Syed Ata Hasnain – Bihar
✅ Nand Kishore Yadav – Nagaland
✅ R.N. Ravi – West Bengal
✅ Kavinder Gupta – Himachal Pradesh
✅ Rajendra Arlekar – Tamil Nadu
✅ Taranjit Singh Sandhu – LG Delhi
✅ Vinai Kumar Saxena – LG Ladakh

🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

📍 Vikram-1 Rocket (Skyroot Aerospace)

🚀 India’s first private orbital rocket

📍 Launch Site
✅ Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota

📍 Features
✅ Height: ~75 ft
✅ Payload: 300 kg to orbit
✅ Engines: Kalam-1200, Kalam-250, Kalam-125

📍 Named after Vikram Sarabhai

🔆 SPORTS

📍 India Reaches 4th Men’s T20 World Cup Final

📍 Semi-final
🏏 India defeated England by 7 runs

📍 Final
🏟 Venue: Narendra Modi Stadium, Ahmedabad
⚔ Opponent: New Zealand

📍 India’s T20 WC Final Appearances
✅ 2007
✅ 2014
✅ 2024
✅ 2026

#CurrentAffairs

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🔆 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)

📍 Why in News?
✅ The Government of India is establishing a first-of-its-kind integrated plant based on Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) at Kavaratti, in Lakshadweep.

📍 What is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)?
✅ Renewable energy technology that generates electricity using the temperature difference between warm surface water and cold deep ocean water.

📍 Key Conditions
✅ Requires ~20°C temperature difference between surface and deep ocean water.
✅ Therefore, OTEC is mainly viable in tropical ocean regions (30°N – 30°S latitude).

📍 Working Mechanism
✅ Warm surface seawater heats a working fluid (such as ammonia) causing it to vaporize.
✅ The vapor drives a turbine connected to a generator, producing electricity.
✅ Cold deep-sea water is then used to condense the vapor back to liquid, completing the cycle.

📍 Significance
✅ Round-the-clock renewable energy (unlike solar or wind).
✅ Useful for island and coastal regions with limited energy resources.
✅ Can also support desalination of seawater and cold-water aquaculture

#GS3
#prelims
#science_technology
#science_and_technology

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🔆 Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP)

📍 Why in News?
✅ Janaushadhi Diwas (7 March) is observed to raise awareness about Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana and promote the use of affordable generic medicines.

📍 About PMBJP

✅ Launched: 2008 as Jan Aushadhi Scheme

✅ Revamped: 2015 as PMBJP

✅ Objective:
• Provide quality generic medicines at affordable prices to the public.

✅ Nodal Agency:
• Department of Pharmaceuticals

✅ Implementation Agency:
• Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Bureau of India

📍 Key Initiatives under PMBJP

✅ Janaushadhi Suvidha Sanitary Napkin
• Oxo-biodegradable sanitary pads available at ₹1 per pad.
• Promotes affordable menstrual hygiene.

✅ Jan Aushadhi Sugam Mobile App
• Helps users locate nearby Kendras, check medicine availability and compare prices.

✅ Expansion of Jan Aushadhi Kendras (JAKs)
• Franchise-based model to expand affordable medicine outlets nationwide.

✅ Cooperative Sector Participation
• Uses rural cooperative networks to improve last-mile access to medicines.

✅ JAKs at Railway Stations
• Ensures access to affordable medicines for travellers and migrant workers.

📍 Major Achievements

✅ Wide Network Expansion
• 18,000+ Jan Aushadhi Kendras established across India.

✅ Large Medicine Basket
• 2000+ medicines and 300+ surgical items available.

✅ Huge Public Savings
• Medicines worth ₹7,700 crore sold (by June 2025).
• Generated ₹38,000 crore savings for citizens.

📍 Significance

✅ Improves accessibility and affordability of medicines.
✅ Reduces out-of-pocket health expenditure.
✅ Strengthens public healthcare and generic medicine usage in India.

#goverment_schemes

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Day 82: 10 March target:

History
Topics:
Delhi Sultanate
Mughal & Afghans
Deccan Sultanate
Vijayanagar kingdom
Southern kingdoms
Cultural development of medieval period-Bhakti, sufi, Vaishnavaite, etc.
Related PYQs

Current Affairs: August 2025
Social Issues
History related
Security
Disaster management

#UpscRevisionProgram

After completion of target post 'DONE'
In comment section. Targets are decided as per practical approach. In remaining time, you can study whatever you want.
Thank you.

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