🔆 AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS
📍 17 Projects Selected for National Awards for e-Governance 2026
✅ Announced by DARPG
✅ Covers 7 award categories
✅ Gold Award carries ₹10 lakh
✅ Silver Award carries ₹5 lakh
✅ Ceremony to be held in Jaipur
📍 Major Prabhat Mishra Wins Two Prestigious US Army Awards
✅ Won Birrer-Brookes Award
✅ Won General Douglas MacArthur Military Leadership Writing Award
✅ First Indian officer to win both simultaneously
✅ Also received Golden Pen Award
✅ Ranked 4th among 1,185 officers
📍 Panchayat Advancement Index Wins Gold Award
✅ Ministry of Panchayati Raj receives NAeG 2026 Gold Award
✅ Category: Digital Transformation through Data Analytics
✅ PAI assesses 2.6 lakh Gram Panchayats
✅ Based on 150 indicators and 230 data points
🔆 SPORTS
📍 R Praggnanandhaa Wins Norway Chess Title
✅ First Indian to win Norway Chess
✅ Defeated Vincent Keymer in final round
✅ Finished with 18 points
✅ Tournament held in Stavanger
✅ Defeated Magnus Carlsen twice during the event
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 International Level Crossing Awareness Day 2026
✅ Observed on 5 June
✅ Theme: “Alert Today, Safe Tomorrow”
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 India Joins Anthropic’s Project Glasswing
✅ Global cybersecurity initiative led by Anthropic
✅ India gains access to Claude Mythos AI
✅ AI tool analyses large software codebases
✅ Detects vulnerabilities and generates security patches
✅ Strengthens protection of critical digital infrastructure
#CurrentAffairs
📍 17 Projects Selected for National Awards for e-Governance 2026
✅ Announced by DARPG
✅ Covers 7 award categories
✅ Gold Award carries ₹10 lakh
✅ Silver Award carries ₹5 lakh
✅ Ceremony to be held in Jaipur
📍 Major Prabhat Mishra Wins Two Prestigious US Army Awards
✅ Won Birrer-Brookes Award
✅ Won General Douglas MacArthur Military Leadership Writing Award
✅ First Indian officer to win both simultaneously
✅ Also received Golden Pen Award
✅ Ranked 4th among 1,185 officers
📍 Panchayat Advancement Index Wins Gold Award
✅ Ministry of Panchayati Raj receives NAeG 2026 Gold Award
✅ Category: Digital Transformation through Data Analytics
✅ PAI assesses 2.6 lakh Gram Panchayats
✅ Based on 150 indicators and 230 data points
🔆 SPORTS
📍 R Praggnanandhaa Wins Norway Chess Title
✅ First Indian to win Norway Chess
✅ Defeated Vincent Keymer in final round
✅ Finished with 18 points
✅ Tournament held in Stavanger
✅ Defeated Magnus Carlsen twice during the event
🔆 IMPORTANT DAYS
📍 International Level Crossing Awareness Day 2026
✅ Observed on 5 June
✅ Theme: “Alert Today, Safe Tomorrow”
🔆 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
📍 India Joins Anthropic’s Project Glasswing
✅ Global cybersecurity initiative led by Anthropic
✅ India gains access to Claude Mythos AI
✅ AI tool analyses large software codebases
✅ Detects vulnerabilities and generates security patches
✅ Strengthens protection of critical digital infrastructure
#CurrentAffairs
❤1
Forwarded from UPSC previous year paper ( PYQ ) PDF
Class 1-2 Paper (F)adv (05).pdf
25.3 MB
GPSC Paper
❤4
🔆 Gen Z and Democracy
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Centre invoked Section 69A of the IT Act to block the website and social media handles of the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP)
✅ The satirical online movement gained over 2 crore followers, reflecting Gen Z concerns over NEET leaks and unemployment
📍 What is Gen Z and Democracy?
✅ Refers to the relationship between Gen Z (born 1997–2012) and democratic institutions
✅ Characterised by digital-first political participation through social media rather than traditional grassroots mobilisation
📍 Role of Social Media in Strengthening Democracy
✅ Enables instant expression of dissent by marginalized youth
✅ Facilitates low-cost political mobilisation without financial barriers
✅ Acts as a civic accountability tool by exposing governance failures
✅ Connects local issues with global democratic movements
✅ Promotes civic awareness through satire, memes and visual storytelling
📍 Need to Integrate Gen Z into Democracy
✅ Prevents alienation from electoral politics
✅ Converts online activism into institutional policy reforms
✅ Channels dissent through democratic institutions, reducing conflict
✅ Utilises youth expertise in AI, data analytics and digital communication
✅ Ensures the long-term vitality of democratic institutions
📍 Challenges Posed by Social Media
✅ Digital popularity may not translate into real-world political organisation
✅ Misinformation and echo chambers can amplify unverified narratives
✅ Vulnerable to foreign influence operations and online manipulation
✅ May trigger disproportionate state responses, including censorship
✅ Can increase polarisation and reduce nuanced political debate
📍 Way Forward
✅ Protect political satire and digital dissent within constitutional limits
✅ Reform Section 69A procedures to enhance transparency and accountability
✅ Establish Youth Advisory Councils in legislatures
✅ Strengthen AI-driven fact-checking mechanisms to counter misinformation
✅ Encourage greater youth participation in mainstream political parties
📍 Conclusion
✅ India’s democratic future depends on effectively integrating digitally native youth into constitutional institutions while safeguarding freedom of expression, responsible digital engagement and institutional resilience
#GS1 #IndianSociety #Governance #Mains
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Centre invoked Section 69A of the IT Act to block the website and social media handles of the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP)
✅ The satirical online movement gained over 2 crore followers, reflecting Gen Z concerns over NEET leaks and unemployment
📍 What is Gen Z and Democracy?
✅ Refers to the relationship between Gen Z (born 1997–2012) and democratic institutions
✅ Characterised by digital-first political participation through social media rather than traditional grassroots mobilisation
📍 Role of Social Media in Strengthening Democracy
✅ Enables instant expression of dissent by marginalized youth
✅ Facilitates low-cost political mobilisation without financial barriers
✅ Acts as a civic accountability tool by exposing governance failures
✅ Connects local issues with global democratic movements
✅ Promotes civic awareness through satire, memes and visual storytelling
📍 Need to Integrate Gen Z into Democracy
✅ Prevents alienation from electoral politics
✅ Converts online activism into institutional policy reforms
✅ Channels dissent through democratic institutions, reducing conflict
✅ Utilises youth expertise in AI, data analytics and digital communication
✅ Ensures the long-term vitality of democratic institutions
📍 Challenges Posed by Social Media
✅ Digital popularity may not translate into real-world political organisation
✅ Misinformation and echo chambers can amplify unverified narratives
✅ Vulnerable to foreign influence operations and online manipulation
✅ May trigger disproportionate state responses, including censorship
✅ Can increase polarisation and reduce nuanced political debate
📍 Way Forward
✅ Protect political satire and digital dissent within constitutional limits
✅ Reform Section 69A procedures to enhance transparency and accountability
✅ Establish Youth Advisory Councils in legislatures
✅ Strengthen AI-driven fact-checking mechanisms to counter misinformation
✅ Encourage greater youth participation in mainstream political parties
📍 Conclusion
✅ India’s democratic future depends on effectively integrating digitally native youth into constitutional institutions while safeguarding freedom of expression, responsible digital engagement and institutional resilience
#GS1 #IndianSociety #Governance #Mains
🔥5❤4
🔆 INDIA’S 100th RAMSAR SITE – SURHA TAAL (JAI PRAKASH NARAYAN BIRD SANCTUARY)
📍 Why in News?
✅ Surha Taal (Ballia, Uttar Pradesh) has been designated as India’s 100th Ramsar Site
✅ Located within the Ganga River Basin
✅ Recognised under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
📍 Key Highlights
✅ 100th Ramsar Site of India
✅ 35 Ramsar Wetlands are now located within the Ganga Basin
✅ Total notified area: 3,432.93 hectares
✅ Wetland ecosystem supports 45 surrounding villages
📍 About Surha Taal
✅ Located around 10 km from Ballia city, Uttar Pradesh
✅ Also known as Jai Prakash Narayan Bird Sanctuary
✅ A natural freshwater wetland connected with the Ganga floodplain
✅ During monsoon, nearly 25,000 hectares get submerged, creating an extensive wetland habitat
📍 Ecological Importance
✅ Provides habitat for resident and migratory birds
✅ Lies along the Central Asian Flyway
✅ Supports rich aquatic biodiversity
✅ Acts as a natural flood buffer and groundwater recharge zone
📍 Socio-Economic Significance
✅ Supports livelihoods through fisheries and agriculture
✅ Sustains communities across 45 villages
✅ Contributes to local ecological security and rural economy
📍 Ganga Basin Ramsar Network
✅ Total 35 Ramsar Sites within the Ganga Basin
✅ Major states include:
• Uttar Pradesh – 13
• Bihar – 5
• Madhya Pradesh – 4
• West Bengal – 3
• Rajasthan – 3
• Haryana – 2
📍 Ramsar Convention
✅ International treaty adopted in 1971 at Ramsar, Iran
✅ Focuses on conservation and wise use of wetlands
✅ India became a contracting party in 1982
📍 Related Initiative
✅ Namami Gange Programme promotes restoration of river ecosystems and associated wetlands
✅ Implemented by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG)
🎯 Surha Taal’s inclusion highlights the growing recognition of wetlands as critical ecosystems for biodiversity conservation, flood regulation and sustainable livelihoods in the Ganga Basin
#Environment
📍 Why in News?
✅ Surha Taal (Ballia, Uttar Pradesh) has been designated as India’s 100th Ramsar Site
✅ Located within the Ganga River Basin
✅ Recognised under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
📍 Key Highlights
✅ 100th Ramsar Site of India
✅ 35 Ramsar Wetlands are now located within the Ganga Basin
✅ Total notified area: 3,432.93 hectares
✅ Wetland ecosystem supports 45 surrounding villages
📍 About Surha Taal
✅ Located around 10 km from Ballia city, Uttar Pradesh
✅ Also known as Jai Prakash Narayan Bird Sanctuary
✅ A natural freshwater wetland connected with the Ganga floodplain
✅ During monsoon, nearly 25,000 hectares get submerged, creating an extensive wetland habitat
📍 Ecological Importance
✅ Provides habitat for resident and migratory birds
✅ Lies along the Central Asian Flyway
✅ Supports rich aquatic biodiversity
✅ Acts as a natural flood buffer and groundwater recharge zone
📍 Socio-Economic Significance
✅ Supports livelihoods through fisheries and agriculture
✅ Sustains communities across 45 villages
✅ Contributes to local ecological security and rural economy
📍 Ganga Basin Ramsar Network
✅ Total 35 Ramsar Sites within the Ganga Basin
✅ Major states include:
• Uttar Pradesh – 13
• Bihar – 5
• Madhya Pradesh – 4
• West Bengal – 3
• Rajasthan – 3
• Haryana – 2
📍 Ramsar Convention
✅ International treaty adopted in 1971 at Ramsar, Iran
✅ Focuses on conservation and wise use of wetlands
✅ India became a contracting party in 1982
📍 Related Initiative
✅ Namami Gange Programme promotes restoration of river ecosystems and associated wetlands
✅ Implemented by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG)
🎯 Surha Taal’s inclusion highlights the growing recognition of wetlands as critical ecosystems for biodiversity conservation, flood regulation and sustainable livelihoods in the Ganga Basin
#Environment
👏7❤1
#Goodmorning
⏳74 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳349 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳438 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳181 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳175 days left Ras prelims 29 November
⏳97 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳91 day left Mppsc mains26 7 September
⏳60 days left Afcat 8 august
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#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳74 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳349 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳438 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳181 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳175 days left Ras prelims 29 November
⏳97 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳91 day left Mppsc mains26 7 September
⏳60 days left Afcat 8 august
⏳48 days left 72nd BPSC PRELIMS 26 July
⏳41 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳27 days left APSC prelims 5 july
⏳19 days left HCS mains 27 june
⏳6 days left WBCS prelims 14 June
⏳5 days left RBI Grade B 13 june
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤4👍1
🔆 115 Years of Savarkar’s Poem ‘Sagara Pran Talamalala’
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Union Home Minister addressed a cultural programme at Sri Vijayapuram (Andaman & Nicobar Islands) commemorating 115 years of Swatantryaveer Vinayak Damodar Savarkar’s iconic poem ‘Sagara Pran Talamalala’
📍 About the Poem
✅ A Marathi patriotic poem expressing an exiled revolutionary’s yearning for the motherland
✅ The sea is personified as a messenger between the patriot and India
✅ Also popularly known as “Ne Majasi Ne…”
📍 Author
✅ Written by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar (1883–1966) – revolutionary, writer and social reformer
✅ Later immortalised in song by Lata Mangeshkar with music composed by Hridaynath Mangeshkar
📍 Circumstances of Composition
✅ Composed around 1909 on the shores of Brighton, England
✅ Written while Savarkar was associated with India House, London
✅ Reflects his anguish over exile and his desire to return to Matrubhoomi (Motherland)
✅ Inspired by the turbulent period following the arrest of his brother and the assassination of Curzon Wyllie by Madan Lal Dhingra
📍 Literary Significance
✅ Symbolises patriotism, sacrifice and the emotional pain of exile
✅ Became an enduring inspiration for many freedom fighters and political prisoners
📍 Major Works of Savarkar
✅ The Indian War of Independence 1857 – portrayed the 1857 Revolt as India’s first war of independence
✅ Hindutva: Who is a Hindu? – outlines the concept of Hindutva as a cultural-civilisational identity
✅ My Transportation for Life (Mazi Janmathep) – memoir of imprisonment in the Cellular Jail
✅ Six Glorious Epochs of Indian History – focuses on phases of resistance and resurgence in Indian history
✅ Hindu Pad-Padshahi – examines the rise of Maratha power
✅ Other notable poems and plays include Jayostute, Ne Majasi Ne and Sanyast Khadga
📍 UPSC Relevance
✅ Important for understanding the revolutionary phase of India’s freedom movement
✅ Reflects the role of literature and poetry in inspiring nationalism and patriotic consciousness
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Union Home Minister addressed a cultural programme at Sri Vijayapuram (Andaman & Nicobar Islands) commemorating 115 years of Swatantryaveer Vinayak Damodar Savarkar’s iconic poem ‘Sagara Pran Talamalala’
📍 About the Poem
✅ A Marathi patriotic poem expressing an exiled revolutionary’s yearning for the motherland
✅ The sea is personified as a messenger between the patriot and India
✅ Also popularly known as “Ne Majasi Ne…”
📍 Author
✅ Written by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar (1883–1966) – revolutionary, writer and social reformer
✅ Later immortalised in song by Lata Mangeshkar with music composed by Hridaynath Mangeshkar
📍 Circumstances of Composition
✅ Composed around 1909 on the shores of Brighton, England
✅ Written while Savarkar was associated with India House, London
✅ Reflects his anguish over exile and his desire to return to Matrubhoomi (Motherland)
✅ Inspired by the turbulent period following the arrest of his brother and the assassination of Curzon Wyllie by Madan Lal Dhingra
📍 Literary Significance
✅ Symbolises patriotism, sacrifice and the emotional pain of exile
✅ Became an enduring inspiration for many freedom fighters and political prisoners
📍 Major Works of Savarkar
✅ The Indian War of Independence 1857 – portrayed the 1857 Revolt as India’s first war of independence
✅ Hindutva: Who is a Hindu? – outlines the concept of Hindutva as a cultural-civilisational identity
✅ My Transportation for Life (Mazi Janmathep) – memoir of imprisonment in the Cellular Jail
✅ Six Glorious Epochs of Indian History – focuses on phases of resistance and resurgence in Indian history
✅ Hindu Pad-Padshahi – examines the rise of Maratha power
✅ Other notable poems and plays include Jayostute, Ne Majasi Ne and Sanyast Khadga
📍 UPSC Relevance
✅ Important for understanding the revolutionary phase of India’s freedom movement
✅ Reflects the role of literature and poetry in inspiring nationalism and patriotic consciousness
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
❤10👏1
🔆 Raghuji Bhosale I
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Maharashtra Government successfully reclaimed the 18th-century ceremonial sword of Raghuji Bhosale I at an auction in London for ₹47.15 lakh
✅ The sword is believed to have been taken after the Battle of Sitabuldi (1817) or later gifted to the British
📍 About Raghuji Bhosale I
✅ Founder of the Nagpur-based Bhosale Dynasty
✅ Prominent Maratha general under Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj
✅ Active during the early 18th century
📍 Territorial Expansion
✅ Extended Maratha influence over:
• Chhattisgarh
• Sambalpur
• Chanda (Chandrapur)
• Parts of Odisha and Bengal
✅ Ruled the resource-rich Vidarbha region, known for its iron and copper reserves
📍 Military Achievements
✅ Led successful campaigns in Bengal (1745 & 1755)
✅ Conducted expeditions in South India
✅ Defeated the Nawabs of Kurnool and Cuddapah
✅ Awarded the title “Senasaheb Subha” by Shahu Maharaj for military excellence
📍 Contribution to Weapon Craftsmanship
✅ Encouraged development of high-quality artisanal weapons
✅ Bhosale armouries were known for combining imported blades with locally crafted hilts
📍 Khanda Sword
✅ Indigenous Indian sword dating back to the 9th–10th century CE
✅ Widely used by Rajputs, Sikhs and Marathas
✅ Features:
• Straight double-edged blade
• Designed for powerful chopping attacks
• Equipped with basket hilts and knuckle guards
• Made from indigenous iron or steel
📍 Firangi Sword
✅ A hybrid weapon combining European blades with Indian hilts
✅ Popular among Maratha warriors from the medieval period onwards
📍 Features of the Reclaimed Sword
✅ Classified as a Firangi sword
✅ Contains a single-edged European blade, likely from Solingen (Germany)
✅ Fitted with a local Mulheri hilt
✅ Decorated with gold inlay work and Devanagari inscriptions
✅ Green cloth-wrapped grip suggests ceremonial usage
📍 Important Inscription
✅ “Shrimant Raghoji Bhosale Senasaheb Subha Firang”
📍 Significance
✅ Represents the military heritage of the Maratha Empire
✅ Highlights India’s efforts to repatriate lost cultural artefacts
✅ Reflects the fusion of Indian craftsmanship and European metallurgy
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
📍 Why in News?
✅ The Maharashtra Government successfully reclaimed the 18th-century ceremonial sword of Raghuji Bhosale I at an auction in London for ₹47.15 lakh
✅ The sword is believed to have been taken after the Battle of Sitabuldi (1817) or later gifted to the British
📍 About Raghuji Bhosale I
✅ Founder of the Nagpur-based Bhosale Dynasty
✅ Prominent Maratha general under Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj
✅ Active during the early 18th century
📍 Territorial Expansion
✅ Extended Maratha influence over:
• Chhattisgarh
• Sambalpur
• Chanda (Chandrapur)
• Parts of Odisha and Bengal
✅ Ruled the resource-rich Vidarbha region, known for its iron and copper reserves
📍 Military Achievements
✅ Led successful campaigns in Bengal (1745 & 1755)
✅ Conducted expeditions in South India
✅ Defeated the Nawabs of Kurnool and Cuddapah
✅ Awarded the title “Senasaheb Subha” by Shahu Maharaj for military excellence
📍 Contribution to Weapon Craftsmanship
✅ Encouraged development of high-quality artisanal weapons
✅ Bhosale armouries were known for combining imported blades with locally crafted hilts
📍 Khanda Sword
✅ Indigenous Indian sword dating back to the 9th–10th century CE
✅ Widely used by Rajputs, Sikhs and Marathas
✅ Features:
• Straight double-edged blade
• Designed for powerful chopping attacks
• Equipped with basket hilts and knuckle guards
• Made from indigenous iron or steel
📍 Firangi Sword
✅ A hybrid weapon combining European blades with Indian hilts
✅ Popular among Maratha warriors from the medieval period onwards
📍 Features of the Reclaimed Sword
✅ Classified as a Firangi sword
✅ Contains a single-edged European blade, likely from Solingen (Germany)
✅ Fitted with a local Mulheri hilt
✅ Decorated with gold inlay work and Devanagari inscriptions
✅ Green cloth-wrapped grip suggests ceremonial usage
📍 Important Inscription
✅ “Shrimant Raghoji Bhosale Senasaheb Subha Firang”
📍 Significance
✅ Represents the military heritage of the Maratha Empire
✅ Highlights India’s efforts to repatriate lost cultural artefacts
✅ Reflects the fusion of Indian craftsmanship and European metallurgy
#history #prelims #mains
Join https://t.me/CSE_EXAM https://t.me/Upsc_4_history
❤7👏1
#Goodmorning
⏳73 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳348 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳437 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳180 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳174 days left Ras prelims 29 November
⏳96 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳90 day left Mppsc mains26 7 September
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#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
⏳73 days left CSM26 [ 21-08-26]
⏳348 days left CSP27 [ 23-05-27]
⏳437 days left CSM27 [ 20-08-27]
⏳180 days left UPPSC prelims 6 December
⏳174 days left Ras prelims 29 November
⏳96 Day left CDS/NDA 2 13 Sept
⏳90 day left Mppsc mains26 7 September
⏳59 days left Afcat 8 august
⏳47 days left 72nd BPSC PRELIMS 26 July
⏳40 days left CAPF AC 19 July
⏳26 days left APSC prelims 5 july
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⏳5 days left WBCS prelims 14 June
⏳4 days left RBI Grade B 13 june
#Target
#TargetOnlyone
#Accountability
https://t.me/anmolvachan1
❤1
🔆 Injectable Hydrogel for Cancer Treatment
📍 Why in News?
✅ Researchers from IIT Guwahati and Bose Institute, Kolkata have developed an advanced injectable hydrogel for targeted cancer therapy
📍 What is Injectable Hydrogel?
✅ A water-based polymer network designed to deliver anti-cancer drugs directly to the tumour site
✅ Enables localized treatment, minimizing damage to healthy tissues
📍 Developed By
✅ Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati
✅ Bose Institute, Kolkata
📍 Key Features
✅ Localized Drug Delivery
• Releases anti-cancer drugs precisely at the tumour site
• Minimizes exposure of healthy cells to toxic drugs
✅ Responsive Design
• Responds to elevated levels of Glutathione (GSH) found in tumour cells
• Ensures targeted and controlled drug release
✅ Biocompatibility
• Mimics the properties of living tissues
• Integrates smoothly with the body’s biological environment
✅ High Stability
• Remains insoluble in biological fluids
• Ensures the drug remains concentrated at the injection site
📍 Significance
✅ Reduces harmful side effects associated with conventional chemotherapy
✅ Improves precision and effectiveness of cancer treatment
✅ Particularly promising for breast cancer therapy
✅ Supports the development of personalized and localized medicine
✅ Represents a major advancement in drug delivery systems and biomedical research
📍 UPSC Prelims Fact
✅ Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks capable of absorbing large amounts of water while maintaining their structure, making them useful in drug delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
#GS3
#prelims
#science_technology
#science_and_technology
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_science_and_technology
📍 Why in News?
✅ Researchers from IIT Guwahati and Bose Institute, Kolkata have developed an advanced injectable hydrogel for targeted cancer therapy
📍 What is Injectable Hydrogel?
✅ A water-based polymer network designed to deliver anti-cancer drugs directly to the tumour site
✅ Enables localized treatment, minimizing damage to healthy tissues
📍 Developed By
✅ Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati
✅ Bose Institute, Kolkata
📍 Key Features
✅ Localized Drug Delivery
• Releases anti-cancer drugs precisely at the tumour site
• Minimizes exposure of healthy cells to toxic drugs
✅ Responsive Design
• Responds to elevated levels of Glutathione (GSH) found in tumour cells
• Ensures targeted and controlled drug release
✅ Biocompatibility
• Mimics the properties of living tissues
• Integrates smoothly with the body’s biological environment
✅ High Stability
• Remains insoluble in biological fluids
• Ensures the drug remains concentrated at the injection site
📍 Significance
✅ Reduces harmful side effects associated with conventional chemotherapy
✅ Improves precision and effectiveness of cancer treatment
✅ Particularly promising for breast cancer therapy
✅ Supports the development of personalized and localized medicine
✅ Represents a major advancement in drug delivery systems and biomedical research
📍 UPSC Prelims Fact
✅ Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks capable of absorbing large amounts of water while maintaining their structure, making them useful in drug delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
#GS3
#prelims
#science_technology
#science_and_technology
Join https://t.me/PIB_UPSC
https://t.me/upsc_science_and_technology
❤7👏2
🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS – 8 JUNE 2026
🔆 BANKING & FINANCE
📍 RBI Restores 9-Month Export Realisation Norm
✅ Export proceeds must now be realised within 9 months from shipment date
✅ Earlier relaxation allowed 15 months
✅ Aims to improve foreign exchange inflows and liquidity
✅ Supports balance of payments and exchange rate stability
✅ Restores pre-extension export norm
📍 RBI to Bear Full Hedging Cost on FCNR(B) Deposits
✅ Applicable for fresh FCNR(B) deposits with 3–5 years tenure
✅ Facility available till 30 September 2026
✅ Aims to attract foreign currency deposits
✅ FCNR(B) inflows fell by 87% in FY26
✅ Expected to enable banks to offer 50–100 bps higher interest rates to NRIs
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 India’s GDP Grows 7.7% in FY26
✅ NSO released Provisional Estimates for FY26
✅ Real GDP growth estimated at 7.7%
✅ Growth in FY25 was 7.1%
✅ Q4 FY26 growth accelerated to 7.8%
✅ Real GDP (FY26): ₹323.12 lakh crore
✅ Nominal GDP growth: 8.9%
✅ Estimates based on new 2022–23 base year
🔆 STATES
📍 18 Namo Oxygen Parks Inaugurated in Delhi
✅ Launched under Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam Campaign
✅ Inaugurated on World Environment Day 2026
✅ Main event held at Maidangarhi
✅ Inaugurated by Bhupender Yadav and CM Rekha Gupta
📍 Himachal Pradesh Signs MoU with UNDP
✅ Agreement signed for climate-resilient and sustainable development
✅ Focus on biodiversity conservation and green livelihoods
✅ Signed in Shimla
✅ Supports protection of fragile Himalayan ecosystems
✅ Safai Mitra Scheme also launched for informal waste workers
📍 Kerala Launches HAWK Wildlife Management System
✅ HAWK (Hostile Activity Watch Kernel) launched
✅ India’s first judiciary-integrated digital wildlife offence management system
✅ Links forest records with District Court Management System
✅ Tracks cases from offence report to court verdict
✅ Developed with support from Wildlife Trust of India and NTT Data
🔆 NATIONAL
📍 Centre Introduces Standard Edible Oil Pack Sizes
✅ Introduced under Legal Metrology Framework
✅ Covers major edible oils sold in India
✅ Approved sizes: 200 g, 500 g, 1 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg, 4 kg, 5 kg, 15 kg and 20 kg
✅ Aims to improve transparency and uniformity
📍 India’s Solar Capacity Rises from 2.8 GW to 155 GW
✅ Solar capacity increased nearly 55 times in 12 years
✅ India became world’s 2nd-largest solar growth market in 2025
✅ Added over 37 GW solar capacity in 2025
✅ India became world’s 3rd-largest solar power producer
✅ Renewable energy capacity reached 250.52 GW
✅ Achieved 50% installed power capacity from non-fossil sources ahead of target
📍 India Launches E85 Fuel
✅ Launched by Hardeep Singh Puri
✅ Contains 85% ethanol and 15% petrol
✅ Designed for Flex-Fuel Vehicles (FFVs)
✅ Supports ethanol blending programme after E20
✅ Expected to cost around ₹20/litre less than E20
✅ Initial rollout in Delhi-NCR, Mumbai, Pune and Nagpur
📍 Government Forms 6 Sector-Specific Manufacturing Groups
✅ Will identify 100 products for domestic manufacturing
✅ Aims to reduce import dependence
✅ Chaired by Amardeep Singh Bhatia
✅ Functions under DPIIT
✅ Covers pharmaceuticals, textiles, EVs, electronics, defence, energy and capital goods
🔆 AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS
📍 e-Jagriti Platform Wins National e-Governance Award
✅ Department of Consumer Affairs received Silver Award
✅ Category: Government Process Re-engineering through Technology
✅ Platform launched on 1 January 2026
✅ Integrates OCMS, e-Daakhil, NCDRC CMS and CONFONET
✅ Enables AI-enabled paperless grievance redressal
#CurrentAffairs
🔆 BANKING & FINANCE
📍 RBI Restores 9-Month Export Realisation Norm
✅ Export proceeds must now be realised within 9 months from shipment date
✅ Earlier relaxation allowed 15 months
✅ Aims to improve foreign exchange inflows and liquidity
✅ Supports balance of payments and exchange rate stability
✅ Restores pre-extension export norm
📍 RBI to Bear Full Hedging Cost on FCNR(B) Deposits
✅ Applicable for fresh FCNR(B) deposits with 3–5 years tenure
✅ Facility available till 30 September 2026
✅ Aims to attract foreign currency deposits
✅ FCNR(B) inflows fell by 87% in FY26
✅ Expected to enable banks to offer 50–100 bps higher interest rates to NRIs
🔆 ECONOMY
📍 India’s GDP Grows 7.7% in FY26
✅ NSO released Provisional Estimates for FY26
✅ Real GDP growth estimated at 7.7%
✅ Growth in FY25 was 7.1%
✅ Q4 FY26 growth accelerated to 7.8%
✅ Real GDP (FY26): ₹323.12 lakh crore
✅ Nominal GDP growth: 8.9%
✅ Estimates based on new 2022–23 base year
🔆 STATES
📍 18 Namo Oxygen Parks Inaugurated in Delhi
✅ Launched under Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam Campaign
✅ Inaugurated on World Environment Day 2026
✅ Main event held at Maidangarhi
✅ Inaugurated by Bhupender Yadav and CM Rekha Gupta
📍 Himachal Pradesh Signs MoU with UNDP
✅ Agreement signed for climate-resilient and sustainable development
✅ Focus on biodiversity conservation and green livelihoods
✅ Signed in Shimla
✅ Supports protection of fragile Himalayan ecosystems
✅ Safai Mitra Scheme also launched for informal waste workers
📍 Kerala Launches HAWK Wildlife Management System
✅ HAWK (Hostile Activity Watch Kernel) launched
✅ India’s first judiciary-integrated digital wildlife offence management system
✅ Links forest records with District Court Management System
✅ Tracks cases from offence report to court verdict
✅ Developed with support from Wildlife Trust of India and NTT Data
🔆 NATIONAL
📍 Centre Introduces Standard Edible Oil Pack Sizes
✅ Introduced under Legal Metrology Framework
✅ Covers major edible oils sold in India
✅ Approved sizes: 200 g, 500 g, 1 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg, 4 kg, 5 kg, 15 kg and 20 kg
✅ Aims to improve transparency and uniformity
📍 India’s Solar Capacity Rises from 2.8 GW to 155 GW
✅ Solar capacity increased nearly 55 times in 12 years
✅ India became world’s 2nd-largest solar growth market in 2025
✅ Added over 37 GW solar capacity in 2025
✅ India became world’s 3rd-largest solar power producer
✅ Renewable energy capacity reached 250.52 GW
✅ Achieved 50% installed power capacity from non-fossil sources ahead of target
📍 India Launches E85 Fuel
✅ Launched by Hardeep Singh Puri
✅ Contains 85% ethanol and 15% petrol
✅ Designed for Flex-Fuel Vehicles (FFVs)
✅ Supports ethanol blending programme after E20
✅ Expected to cost around ₹20/litre less than E20
✅ Initial rollout in Delhi-NCR, Mumbai, Pune and Nagpur
📍 Government Forms 6 Sector-Specific Manufacturing Groups
✅ Will identify 100 products for domestic manufacturing
✅ Aims to reduce import dependence
✅ Chaired by Amardeep Singh Bhatia
✅ Functions under DPIIT
✅ Covers pharmaceuticals, textiles, EVs, electronics, defence, energy and capital goods
🔆 AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS
📍 e-Jagriti Platform Wins National e-Governance Award
✅ Department of Consumer Affairs received Silver Award
✅ Category: Government Process Re-engineering through Technology
✅ Platform launched on 1 January 2026
✅ Integrates OCMS, e-Daakhil, NCDRC CMS and CONFONET
✅ Enables AI-enabled paperless grievance redressal
#CurrentAffairs
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🔆 SPORTS
📍 Alexander Zverev Wins French Open 2026
✅ Won maiden Grand Slam title
✅ Defeated Flavio Cobolli in final
✅ First German man to win French Open since 1937
✅ First German Grand Slam winner since Boris Becker (1996)
📍 India Wins SAFF Women’s Championship 2026
✅ Defeated Bangladesh 3–1 in final
✅ Final played in Madgaon, Goa
✅ Won record 6th title
✅ Lifted trophy after 7 years
📍 India Tops World Yogasana Championship Medal Table
✅ Championship held in Ahmedabad
✅ India won 7 medals
✅ Included 6 Gold Medals
✅ India remained overall leader
📍 Savitha Shri Baskar Wins Women’s Asian Chess Championship
✅ Event held in Ulaanbaatar
✅ Qualified for 2027 FIDE Women’s World Cup
✅ India’s 13th Women’s Asian Championship title
📍 India Wins Men’s U-18 Hockey Asia Cup
✅ Defeated Japan 4–1 in final
✅ Won title for third time
✅ India Women’s U-18 team won Bronze Medal
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 South Korea and Japan Conduct Joint Maritime Exercise
✅ Conducted SAREX after 9 years
✅ Held near Jeju Island
✅ Focus on maritime search and rescue operations
✅ Exercise first launched in 1999
✅ Aims to improve coordinated emergency response
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 Rare Caracal Spotted in Kuno National Park
✅ Sighted after several decades
✅ Recorded through camera trap survey
✅ Located in Sheopur District, Madhya Pradesh
✅ Caracal is a rare wild cat species
✅ Protected under Schedule I of Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
✅ IUCN Status: Least Concern
#CurrentAffairs
📍 Alexander Zverev Wins French Open 2026
✅ Won maiden Grand Slam title
✅ Defeated Flavio Cobolli in final
✅ First German man to win French Open since 1937
✅ First German Grand Slam winner since Boris Becker (1996)
📍 India Wins SAFF Women’s Championship 2026
✅ Defeated Bangladesh 3–1 in final
✅ Final played in Madgaon, Goa
✅ Won record 6th title
✅ Lifted trophy after 7 years
📍 India Tops World Yogasana Championship Medal Table
✅ Championship held in Ahmedabad
✅ India won 7 medals
✅ Included 6 Gold Medals
✅ India remained overall leader
📍 Savitha Shri Baskar Wins Women’s Asian Chess Championship
✅ Event held in Ulaanbaatar
✅ Qualified for 2027 FIDE Women’s World Cup
✅ India’s 13th Women’s Asian Championship title
📍 India Wins Men’s U-18 Hockey Asia Cup
✅ Defeated Japan 4–1 in final
✅ Won title for third time
✅ India Women’s U-18 team won Bronze Medal
🔆 DEFENCE
📍 South Korea and Japan Conduct Joint Maritime Exercise
✅ Conducted SAREX after 9 years
✅ Held near Jeju Island
✅ Focus on maritime search and rescue operations
✅ Exercise first launched in 1999
✅ Aims to improve coordinated emergency response
🔆 ENVIRONMENT
📍 Rare Caracal Spotted in Kuno National Park
✅ Sighted after several decades
✅ Recorded through camera trap survey
✅ Located in Sheopur District, Madhya Pradesh
✅ Caracal is a rare wild cat species
✅ Protected under Schedule I of Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
✅ IUCN Status: Least Concern
#CurrentAffairs
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